230 A K B 
thirty-fix from Liege, and thirty from Cologne. E. Ion. 
5. 48. N. lat. 51. 55. 
AIZOON, J. [aa fempervivum or ever-living.] In 
botany, a genus of the icofandria pentagynia clafs, rank¬ 
ing in the natural order of fucculentce. The generic cha¬ 
racters are—Calyx: perianthium one-leaved: divided in¬ 
to five lanceolate permanent fegments. Corolla: none. 
Stamina : filaments very many, capillary, inferted by 
bunches into the finufes of the calyx. Antheras firaple. 
Piftillum: germ five-cornered, fuperior. Styles five, 
fimple. Sigmas firaple. Pericarpium : capfule five-cel¬ 
led, five-valved, fvvelling and retufe. Seeds: feveral, 
roundifli, or kidney-Ihaped .—EJfaitial CharaBcr. Calyx, 
five-parted. Petals, none. Caplules, fuperior, five-cel- 
led, five-valved. 
Species. 1. Aizoon canarienfe, or purflane-leaved ai- 
2con: leaves wedge-ovate, flowers feflile. A native of 
the Canary ifiands. Annual. 
2. Aizoon hifpanicum, or Spanifh aizoon: leaves lan¬ 
ceolate, flowers feflile. It ^rows naturally in Spain and 
Africa. This is alfo an annual plant, whole brandies trail 
on the ground. The flowers have no beauty; thefe plants 
therefore are preferved only by thofe who are curious in 
cOlleding rare plants. A variety of this conies from the 
Cape, with the Hem and leaves fhaggy, but the upper 
fiurface of the leaves lefs fo. 
3. Aizoon-ianceolatum, or panicled aizoon: leaves lan¬ 
ceolate, flowers panicled. It grows naturally at the Cape 
of Good Hope. This is of humble growth, and periflies 
foon after the feeds are ripe. Cultivated in 1759, by Mr. 
Miller. Biennial. 
4. Aizoon farmentofum: leaves linear-filiform, panicle 
dichotomous, flowers folitary, peduncled. 5. Aizoon pa- 
niculatum, or panicled aizoon: fhaggy; leaves lanceo¬ 
late; flowers feflile; branches ereCt. 6. Aizoon perfo- 
Jiatum, or perfoliate aizoon: downy; leaves inverfely- 
qvate, conjoined, cryflalline-dotted; flowers peduncled. 
7. Aizoon glinoides, or hairy aizoon: fhaggy,herbaceous, 
procumbent; leaves ovate, flowers feflile, diftind. 8. 
Aizoon fecundum : fhag-hoary, herbaceous, procum¬ 
bent: leaves ovate; flowers feflile, imbricate, one-rank- 
ed. 9. Aizoon fruticofum, or fhrubby aizoon : fhrubby, 
ered, fmooth ; leaves lanceolate; flowers feflile. 10. 
Aizoon rigidum, or ftiff aizoon : fhrubby, procumbent, 
downy; leaves ovate ; flowers feflile, remote. All thefe 
were found at the Cape ; the fourth by Sparrman, the reft 
by Thunberg. 
Propagation and Culture. The firft fort muft be raifed 
pn a moderate hot-bed in the fpring; and, when the plants 
are fit to remove, they fhotild be carefully taken up, and 
planted each in a fmall pot filled with frefh light earth, and 
plunged into another moderate hot-bed, obferving to fhade 
them from the fun, until they have taken frefh root; af¬ 
ter which they muft be hardened by degrees to bear the 
open air, into which they fttonld be removed in June, 
placing them in a flickered fituation, where they will flow¬ 
er, and ripen their feeds in September, foon after which 
the plants will perifh. The fecond and third forts may be 
propagated in the fame manne.r; and, when the plants have 
acquired ftrength, they may be removed into the full 
ground ; but they require a poor fandy foil, for in rich 
ground they grow very luxuriant in branches, but will 
not flower till late in the feafon, and therefore rarely per¬ 
fect their feeds; but when they are planted in dry fund, 
or lime-rubbifh, they will be more produdive of flow¬ 
ers, and lefs vigorous in their branches. The other fpe- 
cies muft be managed in the fame manner as other Cape 
plants. 
Aizoon, f. in botany. See Sedum. 
AKBER, emperor of Indoftan, the fixth in defeent 
from Tamerlane, and contemporary with queen Elizabeth, 
was univerfally efteemed a great and good prince. He was 
alfo fuccefsful in war, having in his reign made feveral 
conquefts, and reduced to obedience almoft all the pro¬ 
vinces of Indoftan which had revolted from his father, 
A K I 
and predeceflbr, Hemajoon 5 and his political talents, to¬ 
gether with his unremitting attention to the happinefs of 
his fubjecls, are fufficiently apparent from the regulation 
which he eftablifhed for every department of the empire. 
He was born at Amercote, A. D. 1542, v.as proclaimed 
emperor in 1556, and died at Agra in 1605, after a reign 
of forty-nine years and eight months. The hiftory of 
this potentate has been written, with great elegance and 
pre'cifion, by the vizier Abul Fazel, tinder the title of 
“ Ayeen Akbery, or, the Inftitutes of the emperor 
Akber.” 
To AKE, v n. [from ccy<&, Gr. and therefore more 
grammatically w ritten ache.'] To feela lading pain, gene¬ 
rally of the internal parts; diftinguilhed fromfmart, which 
is commonly 11 fed of uneafinefs in the external parts; but 
this is no accurate account.—Were the pleafure of drink¬ 
ing accompanied, the very moment, with that fick fto- 
mach and a king head, which, in fome men, are fure to 
follow, I think no body would ever let wine touch his 
lips. Locke. —It is frequently applied, in an improper 
fenfe, to the heart; as, the heart akes ; to imply grief or 
tear. ShaEefpearc lias ufed it, ftill more licentioufly, of 
the foul. — My foul akes. 
AKENSIDE (Mark), a celebrated phyfician, and a 
poet. He was born at Newcaftle-upon-Tyne, Nov. 9, 
1721; and, after being educated at the grammar-fchooL 
in Newcaftle, was fent to the univerfities of Edinburgh 
and Leyden ; at which laft he took his degree of dodor in 
phyfic. He was afterwards admitted by mandamus to the 
fame degree at Cambridge; elected a fellow of the col¬ 
lege of phyfleians, and one of the phylicians at St. Tho¬ 
mas’s hofpital; and, upon the eftablifhment of the queen’s 
houfehold, appointed one of the phylicians to her majefty. 
Dr. Akenfide was very early introduced to the acquaint¬ 
ance of the mod eminent men of his age for learning and 
ingenuity; with many of whom he became entangled in 
difputes and altercations, chiefly on fubjeds of literature 
and politics, that fixed on his character the (lamp of 
haughtinefs and felf-conceit, and drew him into difagree- 
able fituations. Hence many, who admired him for his 
geniusand parts, were fhy of continuing his intimates.— 
The value of that precept which exhorts 11s to live peace¬ 
ably with all men, or, in other words, to avoid creating 
enemies, can only be eftimated by the reflection on thofe 
many amiable qualities againft which the negled of it will 
preponderate. Akenfide was a man of religion and ftrid 
virtue; a philofopher, a fcholar, and a fine poet. His 
converfation was of the moft delightful kind ; learned, in- 
ftrudive, and, without any affectation of wit, cheerful 
and entertaining_He died of a putrid fever, June 23, 
1770; and is buried in the parifh-church of St. James, 
Weftminfter. 
AKIBA, a famous rabbin, flourifhed a little after the 
deftruCtion of Jerufalem by Titus. He kept the flocks of 
a rich citizen of Jerufalem till the fortieth year of his age, 
and then applied himfelf to ftudy in the academies for 
twenty-four years; and was afterwards one of the great- 
eft matters in Ifraei, having had 24,000 fcholars. He de¬ 
clared for the impoftor Barcochebas, whom he owned for 
theMeffiah; and not only anointed him king, but took 
upon himfelf the office of his mafter of the horfe. The 
troops which the emperor Hadrian fent againft the Jews,, 
who under the condud of this falfe Meffiah had committed 
horrid maflacres, exterminated this radion. Akiba was 
taken, and put to death with great cruelty. He lived 
120 years ; and was buried with his wife in a cave upon a 
mountain not far from Tiberias, and his 24,000 fcholars 
were buried round about him upon the fame mountain. 
AKIN, adj. [from aa.n&kin.~\ Related to; allied by 
blood : ufed of perfons. Allied to by nature •, partaking 
of the fame properties: ufed of things.—The cankered 
paflion of envy is nothing akin to the iilly envy of the afs. 
VEftrange. 
A KISS AT, the ancient Thyatira, a city in Natolia, in 
Afia, fituated in a plain eighteen miles broad, which pro¬ 
duces 
