23-2 ALA 
born In the year 1386. He was the author of feveral 
works in profe and verfe; but his mod famous perform¬ 
ance was his Chronicle of King Charles VII. Bernard de 
Girard, in his preface to the Hiflory of France, ftyles him, 
“ an excellent hiftorian, who has given an account of all 
the affairs, particulars, ceremonies, fpeeches, anfwers, and 
circumflances, at which lie was prefent himfelf, or had in¬ 
formation of.” Giles Coroxet tells us, that Margaret, 
daughter to the king of Scotland, and wife to the dauphin, 
palling once through a hall where Alain lay alleep, fhe 
flopped and kilfed him before all the company who attend¬ 
ed. Some of them telling her, that it was ftrange fhe 
fliould kifs a man who had fo few charms in his perfon, 
flie replied, “ I did not kifs the man, but the mouth from 
whence proceeds fo many excellent fayings, fo many wife 
difcourfes, and fo many elegant expreflions.” M. Fonte- 
nelle, among his Dialogues of the Dead, has one upon 
this incident, between the princefs Margaret and Plato. 
M. Pafauier compares Alain to Seneca, on account of the 
great number of beautiful leniences interfperfed through¬ 
out his writings. 
ALAINS, a mod: barbarous people from the north, 
.who, in the fourth and fifth century, joining themfelves to 
the Goths and Vandals, carried terror and defolation 
wherever they went, and overfpread a great part of the 
fouth of Europe, and the north of France. 
ALAIS, a town in the department of Gard, near a 
beautiful plain or meadow, at the foot of the Cevennes. 
It contains 10,000 inhabitants, and the annual export of 
raw (ilk from it, is i,20o,ooolbs. From the foot of one 
of the adjacent mountains, iffues a hot medicinal fpring, 
and many openings in the rocks (hew that mines have been 
wrought here. It is 350 miles eaft of Paris, and thirty- 
feven north of Montpelier. Lat. 44. 8. N. Ion. 4. 10. E. 
ALAMANDUS (Lewis), in French Aleman, archbifhop 
of Arles, and cardinal of St. Cecilia, was one of the great- 
e(l men of the fifteenth century. The cardinal prelided 
in the council of Balil, which depofed Eugenius IV. and 
elected the antipope Felix V. 
ALAMANN 1 (Lewis) wasbornat Florence, of a noble 
family, on the 28th of October, 1495. He was obliged to 
fly his country for a confpiracy againft Julius de Medici, 
who was foon after chofen pope under the'name of Cle¬ 
ment VII. During this voluntary banifliment, he went 
into France; where Francis I. from a love to his genius 
and merit, became his patron. He died at Amboife on 
the iSth of April 1556, being in the 61 ft year of his age. 
He left many beautiful poems, and other valuable per¬ 
formances, in the Italian language. We have alio fome 
notes of his upon Homer’s Iliad and Odylfey ; thofe upon 
the Iliad were printed in the Cambridge edition of Homer 
in 1689, and Jofhua Barnes has alfo inferted them in his 
fine edition of Homer, in 1711. 
AL AMIRE, f The loweft note but one in Guido Are- 
tine’s fcale of mufic. 
ALAMODAI.ITY, f. in a general fenfe, is the ac¬ 
commodating a perfon’s behaviour, drefs, and aftions, to 
the prevailing tafte of the times in which he lives. 
Alamodai.it y of Writing, is the accommodation 
of mental produdlions, both as to the choice of fubjeft and 
the manner of treating it, to the genius or tafte of the 
times, in order to render them more acceptable to the 
readers. 
ALAMODE, adv. [ft la mode, Fr.] According to the 
fafliion: a low word. It is tiled likewife by fliopkeepers 
for a kind of thin filken manufacture. 
ALAMOS (Balthafar), a Spanifli writer, born at Me¬ 
dina del Campo, in Caftile. After having ftudied the law 
at Salamanca, he entered into the ferviee of Anthony Pe¬ 
rez, fecretary of ftate under Philip II. He was in high 
efteem and confidence with his mailer, upon which account 
lie was imprifoned after the difgrace of this minifter. He 
was kept in confinement eleven years, when Philip III. 
coming to the throne, fet him at liberty. Alamos conti¬ 
nued in a private capacity, till the duke of Olivarez, the 
ALA 
favourite of Philip IV. called him to public employments-. 
He was a man of wfit as well a§ judgment, but his pen 
was fuperior to his tongue. He died in the 88th year of 
his age. His Spanifli tranllation of Tacitus, and theapho- 
rifms which he added in the margin, gained him great 
reputation. This work waspublilhed at Madrid in 1614; 
and was to have been followed, as mentioned in the king’s 
privilege, with a commentary, which, however, has ne¬ 
ver yet appeared. The author compofed the whole- du¬ 
ring his imprifonment. 
ALAN (Cardinal William), was born at Rulfel in Lan- 
cafhire, in the year 1332. He went to Oxford at the age 
of fifteen, audio 1550 was elected fellow of Oriel, col¬ 
lege. In 1556, being then only twenty-four years old, he 
was chofen principal of St. Mary’s Hall, and one of the 
proflors of the univerfity. In 1358 lie was made canon 
of York ; but, upon queen Elizabeth’s acceffion to the 
throne, he left England, and fettled at Louvain in an Eng- 
lifh college, of which he became the chief fupport. . In 
1563 he vilited his native country ; but, on account of his 
extreme activity in the propagation of the Roman, Catho¬ 
lic religion, he was obliged to fly the kingdom in. 1368. 
He went firft to Mechlin, and then to Dooai, where he 
was made dodtor of divinity. Soon after, he was appoint¬ 
ed canon of Cambray, and then canon cf Rheims. He 
was created cardinal on the 28th of July 15S7, by the title 
of St. Martin in Montibus ; and obtained from -the king of 
Spain a rich abbey in the kingdom of Naples, and after¬ 
wards the bifliopric of Mechlin. It is fuppofed to have 
been by the advice and inftigation of this prieil, that Phi¬ 
lip IT. attempted to invade England. He died on the 20th 
of October 1394, aged fixty-tliree ; and was buried in the 
Englifti college at Rome. He was a man of confiderable 
learning, and an elegant writer. He wrote many books 
in defence of the Romifli religion. The moft remarkable* 
are, 1. A Defence of the Twelve Martyrs in one Year. 
Thomas Alfield was hanged for bringing, and publilhing, 
this and other of Alan’s works, into England, in the year 
1384. 2. A Declaration of the Sentence of Sextus V. &c. 
a work intended to explain the pope’s bull for the excom¬ 
munication of queen Elizabeth, and to exhort the people 
of England to take up arms in favour of the Spaniards. 
Many thoufand copies of this book, printed at Antwerp, 
were put on board the Armada, to be difperfed by the 
Catholics in England; but, the enterprise failing, they 
were afterwards deftroyed. 3. Of the Worfliip due to 
Saints and their Relics, 1583. This treatife was anfwer- 
ed by lord Burleigh, and is efteemed the moft elegant of 
the cardinal’s writings. 
ALANBY, Cumberland, an agreeable watering-place 
much reforted to in the bathing feafon. They are exten- 
five here in the Tierring filhery, and there is good anchor¬ 
age in the bay. It is about twenty miles north of White¬ 
haven and fouth of Carlifle. 
ALAND, a clufterof Swedilh iflands, at the entrance 
of the Gulf of Bothnia, in the Baltic Sea. The princi¬ 
pal illand, which gives name to the reft, is about forty miles 
long, and from twelve to fixteen broad. It contains fif¬ 
teen villages, 9000 inhabitants, and lies feventy-five miles 
eaft of Stockholm. 
Aland (Sir John Fortefcue), LL. D. R.S.S. baron 
of the Exchequer, puifne judge of both benches to king 
George I. and a peer of England in the fubfequent reign ; 
was born March 7, 1670; fecond fon to Edmund.Fortef¬ 
cue, Efq. of London. He was defeended from Sir John 
Fortefcue, lord chief juftice, and lord high chancellor of 
England, under king Henry VI. Sir John added his lat¬ 
ter name of Aland in compliment to his lady, who was 
the eldeft daughter to Henry Aland, Efq.^of Waterford, 
in Ireland. Sir John Fortefcue Aland was entered at Ox¬ 
ford ; and, as he was intended for tire profelljon of the law, 
upon leaving the univerfity, he became a member of the 
Inner Temple, where he was chofen reader in the year 
1716. He was called to the bar about the happy sra of 
the glorious revolution, in which licuation'he. ftione with 
. meridian 
