34$ ALL 
to LambetU-hou£p, where he was confined fix or eight 
weeks: but foon after tire reftoration he was made canon 
of Chrift-church, created do&or of divinity, and appointed 
chaplain in ordinary to the king, and regius profeifor of 
divinity. In 1665 he was appointed provoft of Eton col¬ 
lege, where he raifed the fchool, which he found in a low 
condition, to an,uncommon pitch of reputation. The welt 
fide of the outward quadrangle of that college was built 
front the ground at his expence. The excellent Dr. Ham¬ 
mond, who was his intimate friend, left him his valuable 
library, which he himfelf afterwards bequeathed to his 
fiicceffors in the divinity-chair. He was eminent for his 
piety, benevolence, and integrity ; for the fincerity of his 
frienflfliip, and his difinterefted temper. He wrote fcve- 
ral books; and a collection of his fermons was printed 
after his deceafe, by Dr. Fell, bilhop of Oxford, He 
died Apguft 20, 1680. 
Al'lestry (Jacob), an FmgliGt poet of the laft cen¬ 
tury. He was the fon of James Alleflry, a bookfeller of 
London, who was ruined by the great fire in 1 656 . Jacob 
was educated at Weftminfter-fchool, entered at Chrift- 
church, Oxford, in 1C71, at the age of eighteen, and was 
eleCted (Indent in 1672. He took the degree in arts; was 
rmific-reader, and terra; filius, in 1681 ; both which offices 
he executed with great applaufe, being efteemed a good 
■philologift .and poet. He had a chief hand in the verfes 
and paftorals fpoken in the theatre at Oxford May 21, 
r68r, by Mr. William Savile, fecond fon of the marquis 
of Halifax, and George Cholmondeley, fecond fon of Ro¬ 
bert Vifcount Kells (both of Chri(t-church), before James 
duke of York, his duchefs, and the lady Anne ; which 
verfes and paftorals were afterwards printed in the “ Exa- 
men Poeticum.” He died October 15, 1686. 
■ ALLEVEU'RE, f A fmall brafs Swedifh coin, worth 
about a halfpenny Englifh money. 
To ALLE'VIATE, v. a. \_allevo, Lat.] To make light; 
to eafe ; to foften. To extenuate ; as, He alleviates his 
"fault by an excufe.—Moft of the diftempers are the effeCts 
of abufed plenty and luxury, and mult not be charged upon 
our Maker; who, notwithftanding, hath provided excel¬ 
lent medicines, to alleviate thofe evils which we bring upon 
ourfelves, Bentley. 
ALLEVIA'TION, f. The aft of making light, of al¬ 
laying, or extenuating. That by which any pain is eafed, 
or fault extenuated.—All apologies for, and alleviations of, 
faults, though they are the heights of humanity, yet they 
nfe not the favours but the duties of friendlhip. South. 
AL'LEY,/. \_allee, a walk, oi alter , Fr. to go.] A walk 
in a garden. 
Come, my fair love, our morning’s tafk we lofe; 
Some labour ev’n the eafieft life would choofe : 
Our’s is not great; the dangling boughs to crop, 
Whofe too luxuriant growth our alleys (top. Dry den. 
A paffiage in towns narrower than a Greet.—Aback friend, 
a ffloulder clapper, one that commands the palfages of 
alleys, creeks, and narrow lands. Shakcjbeare. 
Al'ley ,/. in perfpeCtive, that which, in order to have 
a greater appearance of. length, is made wider at the en¬ 
trance than at the termination. 
Al'ley, f. in the new hufbandry, implies the vacant 
fpace between the outermoft row of corn on one bed and 
the neared row to it on the next parallel bed ; and it is 
ufually aboift four feet in breadth, exclufive of the par¬ 
titions between the rows of corn_in the beds. 
Al'ley (William), bilhop of Exeter in the reign of 
queen Elizabeth, was born at Great Wycomb, in Buck- 
inghamfhire. From Eton fchool, in the year 1528, here- 
moved to king’s college, Cambridge, where he took the 
degree of bachelor of arts. He alfo dudied fome time at 
Oxford ; afterwards he married, was prefented to a living, 
■and became a aealous reformer. Upon queen Mary’s ac- 
ceffion, he left his cure and retired into the north of Eng¬ 
land ; where he maintained his wife and himfelf by teach¬ 
ing a fchool, and praCtifing phyfic. Queen Elizabeth af- 
A L L 
cending the throne, he went to London, where he acquired 
great reputation by reading a divinity-lefture at St, Paul’s, 
and in July, 1560, was confecrated bilhop of Exeter. He 
died on the 15th of April, 1570, and w r as buried at Exe¬ 
ter, in the cathedral. He wrote, 1. “ The Poor Man’s 
Library,” 2 vol. fol. Thefe volumes contain twelve lec¬ 
tures on the firfl epiftle of St. Peter, read at St. Paul’s. 
2. “ A Hebrew Grammar.” Whether it was ever pub- 
lifned, is uncertain. He tranflated the Pentateuch in the 
verfion of the bible which was undertaken by queen Eli¬ 
zabeth’s command. 
AL'LEYN (Edward), a celebrated Fmglilh aftor in 
the reigns of queen Elizabeth and king James, and'founder 
of the college at Dulwich in Surry, was born at London, 
Sept. 1, 1566. Haywood, in bis prologue to Marloe’s 
Jew of Malta, calls him, Proteus for lhapes, and Rofcius 
for a tongue. He ufually played the capital parts, and 
was one of the original adtors in Shakefpeare’s plays. It 
may appear furprifing how one of Mr. Alleyn's profefliort 
fhould be enabled to ercflfuch an edifice as Dulwich Col¬ 
lege, and liberally endow it for the maintenance of fo many 
perions. But it mull: be obferved, that he had fome pater¬ 
nal fortune, which, though fmall, might lay a foundation 
for his future affluence. He was himfelf the firfl: matter cf 
his college; fo that, to make ufe of the words of Mr. Hay¬ 
wood, one of his contemporaries, “ He was fo mingled 
“ with humility and charity, that he became his own pen- 
“ fioner, humbly fubmitting himfelf to that proportion of 
“ diet and clothes which he had bellowed on others.” We 
have no reafon to think he ever repented of this diftribu- 
tion of his fubftance ; but, on the contrary, that he was 
entirely fatisfied, as appears from the following memorial 
in his own writing, found amongft his papers : “ May 26, 
“ 1620—My wife and I acknowledged the fine at the com- 
“ mon pleas bar, of all our lands to the college: bleffed 
“ be God that he has given us life to do it.” He died 
Nov. 25, 1626, in the 6itt year of his age, and was buried 
in the chapel of his new college, where there is a tomb- 
flone over his grave, with an infeription. His original 
Diary is alfo there preferved. 
AL'LI A, a river of Italy, which, running down a fleep 
channel from the mountains of Crufluminum, mixes with 
the Tiber, forty miles from Rome. It is famous for the 
great daughter of the Romans by the Gauls, under Brennus. 
ALLI'ANCE, f. \_allcanza, It. alianfa, Sp. alliance, of 
allier, Fr. of alligo, Lat. to tie or unite together.] The 
ftate of connection with another by confederacy; a league. 
In this fenfe, our hiftories of queen Anne mention the grand, 
alliance. Relation by marriage^. Relation by any form of 
kindred. The aCl of forming or contracting relation to, 
another ; the aft of making a confederacy. The perfons 
allied to each other. 
Alliance, with the ancient Romans, though a fort of 
fervitude, was much coveted. Ariarathes, we are told by 
Polybius, offered a facrifice to the gods by way of thanks¬ 
giving, for having obtained an alliance. The reafon was, 
that thenceforwards people were hire not to receive any 
injuries except from them. There were different forts of 
allies : fome only united to them by a participation of the 
privileges of Romans, as the Latini and Hernia ; others 
by their very foundation, as the colonies ; others by the 
benefactions they received from them, as Maffiniffa, Eu- 
menes, and Attains, who owed their kingdoms to Rome; 
others by free treaties, which laft, by a long alliance, be¬ 
came fubjefts, as the kings of Bithynia, Cappadocia, Egypt, 
and moft of the cities of Greece : laftly, others by com- 
pulfive treaties, and the law of fubjeCtion, as Philip and 
Antiocluis. For they never granted peace to an enemy 
without making an alliance with him ; that is, they never 
fubdued any people without ufing it as a means of fubdu- 
ing others. 
The forms or ceremonies of alliances have been various 
in different ages and countries. Among us, figning and 
fwearing are the chief; anciently eating and drinking to¬ 
gether, ckie fly offering facrifices together, were the cuf- 
tomary 
