A M A 
baceous, ereft, leaves fmooth, lanceolate, quite entire, Gli¬ 
des inflated. This was found by Tournetort in the Le¬ 
vant: it alfo grows in the vineyards of Savoy. It is a 
hardy and beautiful perennial, flowering from April to 
June, at which time it begins to form its curioufly-infla- 
ted pods. Like the feventeenth, it is well adapted to the 
decorating of walls or rock-work. Cultivated in 1739 by 
Mr. Miller. 
1 6. Alyflum veficaria, or bladder mad wort: leaves linear 
toothed, lilicles inflated, angular, acute. 17. Alyflum del- 
toideum, cr deltoid-leaved madwort: flems underfhrubby, 
proftrate, leaves lance-deltoid, filicles fliaggy. Botli thefe 
were found by Tournefort in the Levant. 
Propagation and Culture. All the fpecies may be pro- 
p'agated by feed, and mod of them by (lips and cuttings. 
The feeds fliould be fown in a border ot light earth in 
April. Cuttings or flips fliould be planted in April or 
May ; fliaded in the heat of the day, and gently refreflied 
with water. In rich ground they feldom live through the 
winter in England; but in a dry, poor, rubbilhy, foil, or 
-on old walls, they will abide the cold, and laft much longer. 
See Cardamine, Clypeola, Draba, Myagrum, 
Pei.taria, Stachys, Subularia, Sisymbrium. 
ALYTAR'CA, f. Gr. ] A pried of An¬ 
tioch, in Syria, who, in the games indituted in honour of 
the gods, prefided over the officers who carried rods to 
clear away the crowd and keep order. In the Olympic 
games, the alytarches had the fame command, and obliged 
every perfon to preferve order and decency. 
ALYXA'THOE, a nymph, and mother of .Efacus by 
Priam, by whom die was greatly beloved. 
ALZY'R A, or Alcyra, a city of Valencia, in Spain, 
which carries on a confiderable trade in filk. It is feated 
on the river Xacar, feventeen miles from the town of Va¬ 
lencia. Lat.39-6.N. lon.o. 10. E. 
AM. The fird perfon of the verb To be. —And God 
faid unto Mofes, I am that I am: and he faid, Thus flialt 
thou fay unto the children of Ifrael, I am hath fent me 
unto you. Exodus, iii. 14. 
Come then, my foul: I call thee by that name, 
Thou bufy thing, from whence I know 1 am: 
For, knowing that I am, I know thou art; 
Since that mud needs exift, which can impart. Prior. 
A'M A,yi in eccleflaftical writers, denotes a veflfel where¬ 
in wine, water, or the like, were held, for the fervice of the 
eucharid. In this fenfe the word is alfo written amula ; 
fometimes alfo hama, and hamula. Ama is fometimes alfo 
ufed for - a wine-meafure, as a calk, pipe, or the like. 
AMAA'SA, f. Such pieces of glafs as are ufed in ena¬ 
melling. 
AMABI'LITY, f. [ amabilita, It. amabilitas, Lat. of 
amo, to love.] Loveiinefs; the power of plealing.—No 
rules can make amability, our minds and apprehenfions 
make that; and fo is our felicity. Taylor. 
AMABY'R,y. a barbarous cudom which formerly pre¬ 
vailed in feverai parts cf England and Wales, being a fum 
of money paid to the lord when a maid was married with¬ 
in his lordfliip. The word is old Britifh, and fignifies 
“ the price of virginity.” 
AMADABAT', [a corruption from Ahmed abad, or 
Ahmed’s city, fo called from a king of that name.] A 
large and populous city of Hiadodan, and the capital of 
the province of Guzerat. It is dtuated in E. Ion. 72. 10. 
N. lat. 23. 22. Amadabat was formerly called Guzerat; 
and by Shah Jehan nicknamed Gherd-abad, or the “ habi¬ 
tation of dud,” becaufe it was much incommoded there¬ 
with. It was the feat of the Guzerat kings, as it is now 
of the Mogul governor. The city Hands in a beautiful 
plain ; and is watered by the river Sabremetti. The walls 
are built with done and brick, flanked at certain didances 
with great round towers and battlements. It has twelve 
gates.; and, including the fuburbs, is about four miles and 
a half long. The dreets are wide. The meyddnjhdh, or 
king’s fquare, is 700 paces long, and 400 broad, planted 
AMA 3^ 
round with trees. On the wed fide is tiie caflle, well 
walled with free-done. The caravanlera is on the fouth 
of the fquare, and its chief ornament. Near the meydaa 
alfo L the king’s palace, whofe apartments are richly or¬ 
namented: and in the midd of the city is the Englifli fac¬ 
tory, w here they purchafe fine chintz, calicoes, and other 
Indian merchandife. The place is fo full of gardens Ac¬ 
red with fruit-trees, that from an eminence it looks like a 
wood. The Hindoos have here an hofpital for fick beads, 
and another for lick birds, which they take great cure of. 
According to fome late accounts, this city is little inferior 
to the bed in Europe, and is thought to yield ten times as 
much revenue as Surat. 
AMADAN', or Hamadan, a town of Perfia, between 
Taurus and Ifpahan ; lat. 35. 15. N. Ion. 47.4. E. It is 
feated at the foot of a mountain, where there are a great 
many fprings which w-ater the adjacent country. The 
houfes are built of brick hardened in the fun, and have 
but a very indifferent afpefct. There is but one tolerable 
dreet, and that is where duffs, garments, and the like, 
are expofed to fale : it is flrait, long, and wide ; and the 
fliops are very well furniflied. The adjacent parts are 
fruitful in corn and rice, infomuch that the neighbouring 
provinces are fupplied from hence. It is faid to enjoy a 
very falubrious air ; but the cold in winter is intenfe. The 
Armenians have a church in this town ; and the Jews have 
a fynagogue near a tomb where they pretend Eliher and 
Mordecai lie interred : to this place they come in pilgrim¬ 
age from feverai parts of the Levant. About a league 
from Amadan there is a mountain, called Nalbana, which 
abounds with all forts of curious herbs : in the fpring, 
people flock to this mountain from all parts to recover 
their health by inhaling the falutary effluvia of thefe aro¬ 
matic p.lants. Amadan is a very ancient city : it is faid to 
have been dedroyed by Nebuchadnezzar, and rebuilt by 
Darius, who brought hither all his riches. The kings 
of Perfia frequently retired to this place on account of its 
delightful fituation ; for which reafon it obtained the 
name of the Royal City. It was conquered by the khalif 
Othman, and narrowly efcaped being dedroyed by Jeng- 
hiz Khan in 1220. It had then drong walls and a good 
caflle, which-are now in ruins, its prefent beauty con- 
fids in its gardens and fprings. 
AMADANA'GER, a town in the hither peninfula of 
India, in the province of Decan ; lat. 18. 10. N. Ion. 74. 
15. E. It w as taken by the Moguls in 159S, after a liege 
of fix months : it was at that time defended by a drong 
caflle feated on an eminence, and furrounded w ith deep 
ditches into which feverai fprings di (charged their waters. 
AMA'DIA, a trading town of Alia, in Curdiftan, be¬ 
longing to the Turks ; feated on a high mountain. Lat. 
36. 25. N. Ion. 43. 1. E. 
AMADOW',Jif akir.d of black match, tinder, or touch- 
woed, which comes from Germany. It is made of a fort 
of large mufflrooms, or fpongy excrefcences, which com¬ 
monly grow on old trees. This fubflance, being boiled 
in common water, and afterwards dried and well beaten, 
is then put into a drong ley prepared w ith faltpetre, after 
which it is again put to dry in an oven. The druggids 
fell this match wholefale in France, and feverai hawkers 
retail it. Some give to the amadow the name of pyrotech- 
nical fponge, becaufe of its aptnefs to take fire. 
AM A DOW'RY,/. A kind of cotton which comes 
from Alexandria by the way of Marfeilles. 
AMA'IN, adv. [from a and mazen, Sax. might, or 
a-main, Fr.] With vehemence; with vigour; fiercely; 
violently. It is ufed of any a6tion performed with preci¬ 
pitation, whether of fear or courage, or of any violent 
effort: 
From hence the boar was rous’d, and fprung amain, 
I.ike light’ning hidden, on the warrior train ; 
Beats down the trees before him, fflakes the ground; 
The fored echoes to the crackling found, 
Shout the fierce youth, and clamours ring around. Dryden. 
Amain, 
