A M E R I C A. 
luarfiral; Sir Ferdinand Wainman, general of the horfc ; 
and Capt. Newport, vice-admiral. In June, Sir Thomas 
Gates, admiral Newport, and Sir George Somers, with 
fever; (hips and a ketch^-nd pinnace, having 500 fouls on- 
hoard, men, women, and children, failed from Falmouth 
for South Virginia. In eroding the Bahama gtilph, on 
the 24th of July, the fleet was overtaken by a violent 
ftorm, and feparated. Four days after, Sir George So¬ 
mers ran his veffel -afhore on-one of. the Bermuda: i'fl'ands, 
which, from this circumdance, have been called the Seiner 
JJlands . The people on-board, 150 in number, all got fafe 
on-lhore, and there remained until the following May. 
The remainder of tire fleet arrived at Virginia in Align ft. 
The colony was now increafed to 500 men. Capt. Smith, 
then preddent, a little before the arrival of the fleet, had 
been very badly burnt, by means of fovne powder which 
had accidentally caught fire. This unfortunate circum- 
ftance, together with the oppofition he met with from tliofe 
who had lately arrived, induced him to leave the colony 
and return to England, which he accordingly did. Francis 
Wed, his fucceffor in office, foon followed him, and George 
Pierc.y was elected preddent. 
The year following, the South Virginia or London 
Company fealed a patent to lord De la War, conflituting 
him governor and captain-general of South Virginia. He 
foon after embarked for America with Capt. Argal and 
150 men, in three diips. The unfortunate people, who, 
the year before, had been fnipwrecked on the Bermudas 
illands, had employed themfelves during the winter and 
fpring,' under the direffion of Sir Thomas Gates, Sir 
George Somers, and admiral Newport, in building a floop 
to tranfport themfelves to the continent. They embarked 
for Virginia on the 10th of May, with about 150 perfons 
on-board, leaving two of their men behind, who chofe to 
Bay, and landed at James-town on the 23d of the fame 
month. Findin'g the. colony, which, at the time of Capt. 
Smith’s departure, confided of 500 fouls, now reduced to 
fixty, and thofe in a diftrefled and wretched dtuation, they, 
with one voice, refolved to return to England; and for 
this purpofe, on the 7th of June, the whole colony re¬ 
paired on-board their veflels, broke up their fettlement, 
and failed down the river on their way to their native 
country. Fortunately, lord De la War, who had embark¬ 
ed for James-town the March before, met them the day 
after they failed, and perfuaded them to return with him 
to James-town,-where they arrived and landed the joth 
of June. The government of the colony of right devolved 
on lord De la War. From this time we may date the ef- 
fedlual fettlement of Virginia. 
As early as the year 1608 or 1609, Henry Hudfon, an 
Knglifhman, under a commilTion from the king his mailer, 
difeovered Long Ifland, New York, and the river which 
Bill bears his name, and afterwards fold the country, or 
rather his right, to the Dutch. Their writers, however, 
Contend that Hudfon was fent out by the Ea’ft-India com¬ 
pany, in 1609, to difeover a north-weft: paflage to China ; 
and that, having firft difeovered Delaware Bay, he came 
and penetrated Hudfon’s River as far ns latitude 43 0 . It 
is faid, however, that there was a fale, and that the Englifh 
objected to it, though for fome time they neglected to 
eppofe the Dutch fettlement of the country. In 1610, 
Hudfon failed again to this country, then called by the 
Dutch New Netherlands ; and, four years after, the States- 
General granted a patent to fundry merchants for an ex- 
ctufive trade on the north river, who, in 1614, built a 
fort on the weft: fide, near Albany. From this time we 
may date the fettlement of New York. 
Conception Bay, on the ifland of Newfoundland, was 
fettled in the year 1610, by about forty planters, under 
governor John Guy, to whom king James had given a pa¬ 
tent of incorporation. 
Champlain, a Frenchman, had begun a fettlement at 
Quebec, in 1608; St. Croix, Mount Manfel, and Port- 
Royal, were fettled about the fame time. Thefe fettle- 
ments remained undifturbed till 16x3, when the Virgi- 
43'1 
nians, hearing that the French had fettled within their 
limits, fent Capt. Arga! to didodge them. For this pur¬ 
pofe he failed to Sagadahoc, took their forts at Mount 
Manfel, St. Croix, and Port-Royal, with their velfels, 
Ordnance, cattle, and provifions, and carried them to 
James-town, in Virginia. Quebec was left in poft’eflion 
of the French. 
In 1614, Capt. John Smith, with two fnips and forty- 
five men and boys, made a voyage to North Virginia, ta 
make experiments upon a gold and copper mine. His 
orders were, to fifli and trade with the natives, if he 
ffiould fail in his expectations with regard to the mine. 
To facilitate this bufinefs, he took with him Tantum, an 
Indian, perhaps one that Capt. Weymouth carried to 
England in 1605. Jn April he reached the ifland Mon.a- 
higan, in latitude 43 0 30'. Here Capt. Smith was direc¬ 
ted to flay and keep poireffion, with ten men, for the pur¬ 
pofe of making a trial of.the whaling bufinefs; but, being 
difappoiiited in this, he built feven boats, in which thir¬ 
ty-feven men made a very fuccefsful fifiiing voyage. In 
the mean time, the captain himfelf, with eight men only, 
in a fmall boat, coafted from Penobfcot to Sagadahok, 
Acocilco, Pafiataquack, Tragabizanda, now called Cape 
Ann, thence to Accrnak, where'he Ikirnfiffied with fome 
Indians; thence to Cape Cod, where he lent his Indian, 
Tantum, afliore, and left him, and returned to Monahi- 
gan. In this voyage he found two French fnips in the 
bay of MaftTachufett’s, who had come there IIx weeks be¬ 
fore, and, during that time, had been trading very advan- 
tageoufly with the Indians. It was conjectured that there 
were, at this time, 3000 Indians upon the MaiTachufett’s 
illands. In July, Capt. Smith embarked for England in 
one of the veflels, leaving the other under the command 
Capt. Thomas Hunt, to equip for a voyage to Spain- Af¬ 
ter Capt. Smith’s departure, Hunt pertidioufly allured 
twenty Indians (one of whom was Squanlo, afterwards fa 
ferviceable to the Englifn) to come on-board his fhip at 
Patnxif, and feven more at Naufit, and carried them to 
the ifland of Malaga, where he fold them, for twenty 
pounds each, to be flaves for life. This conduft, which, 
fixes an indelible ftigma upon the charafler of Plant, ex¬ 
cited in the breads of the Indians Inch an inveterate ha¬ 
tred of the Englifh, as that, for many years after, all com¬ 
mercial intercourfe with them was rendered exceedingly 
dangerous. Capt. Smith arrived at London the lafKof 
Atiguft, where he drew a map of the country, and called 
it New England.. From this time North Virginia aftumed 
the name of New England, and the name Virginia was con¬ 
fined to the fouthern colony. Between the years 1614 and 
1620, feveral attempts were made by the Plymouth Com¬ 
pany to fettle New England, but by various means they 
were all rendered ineffectual. During this time, how¬ 
ever, an advantageous trade was carried en with the na¬ 
tives. In the year 16x7, Mr. Robinfon and his congre¬ 
gation, influenced by feveral weighty reafo.ns, meditated 
a removal to. America. Various difficulties intervened to 
prevent the fuccefs of their defigns, until the year 1620, 
wffien a part of Mr. Robinfon’s congregation went over 
and fettled at Plymouth. At this time commenced the 
fettlement of New England. 
In order to preferve the chronological order In which 
the feveral colonies, not grown into independent ftates, 
were firft. fettled, it will be neceffary juft to mention, that,- 
the next year after the fettlement of Plymouth, Cap.t. 
John Mafon obtained of the Plymouth council a grant of 
a part of the prefent ftate of New -Hampftxire.' Two 
years after, under the authority of this. grant, a fmali 
colony fixed down near the mouth of Pifcataqua river. 
P'rom this period we may date the fettlement of New. 
Hampffiire. 
In 1627, a colony of Swedes and Fins came over and 
landed at Cape Henlopen ; and afterwards pnrehafed of 
the Indians the land from Cape Henlopen to the Falls of 
Delaware, on both (Ides the river, which they called New 
Swede land Stream . On this river they built feveral forts, 
and 
