433 
AMERICA. 
Names of Places. When Jellied. 
Quebec, 1608 
Virginia, June 10, 1610 
Newfoundland, June, 1610 
New York, i about j6 
New JetTey, J 
Plymouth, 1620 
New Hampfhire, 1623 
Delaware, \ , 
Pennfylvania, / 
MaflachufeU’sBay, 1628 
Maryland, 1633 
Connecticut, 1635 
Rhode Ifland, 1635 
New Jerfey, 1664. 
South Carolina, 1669 
Pennfylvania, 1682 
North Carolina, about 1728 
Georgia, 1732 
Kentucky, 1773 
Vermont, about 1764. 
By whom , 
By the French. 
By lord De la War. / 
By governor John Guy. 
By the Dutch. 
By part of Mr. Robinfon’s congregation. 
By a final! Englilh colony near the mouth of Pifcataqua river. 
By the Swedes and Fins. 
By captain John Endicot and company. 
By lord Baltimore and a colony of Roman Catholics. 
By Mr. Fenwick, at Saybrook, near the mouth of Connedlicut river. 
By Mr. Roger Williams'and his perfecuted brethren. 
Granted to the duke of York by Charles 11 . and made a diftinft government, and 
fettled fome time before this by the Englifh. 
By governor Sayle. 
By William Penn, with a colony of Quakers, 
Erefted into a feparate government, lettled before by the Englifh. 
By general Oglethorpe. 
By colonel Daniel Boon. 
By emigrants from Connecticut and other parts of New England. 
V 1 •?87 By the Ohio and other companies, 
of Ohio river J 11 1 t 
The above dates are from the periods when the firft permanent fettlements were made. 
North America comprehends all that part of the weft- 
ern continent which lies north of the Ifthmus of Darien, 
extending north and fouth from about the 10th degree 
north latitude to the north pole ; and eaft and weft from 
•the Atlantic to the Pacific Ocean, between the 45th and 
165th degrees weft longitude front London. Beyond the 
70th degree N. lat. few difcoveries have been made. In 
July 1779, Capt. Cook proceeded as far as latitude 71°, 
"when he came to a folid body of ice extending from conti¬ 
nent to continent. 
Of the bays, founds, ftraits, and iflands, except thofe 
in the United States, we know but little more than their 
names. Baffin’s Bay, lying between the 70th and 80th 
degrees north latitude, is the large ft and mod northern 
that has yet been difcovered in North America. It opens 
into the Atlantic Ocean through Baffin’s and Davis’s 
Straits, between Cape Chidley, on the Labrador coaft, 
and Cape Farewell. It communicates with Hudfon’sBay 
to the fouth, through a cluftcr of iflands. In this capa¬ 
cious bay or gulph is James Ifland, the fouth point of which 
is called Cape Bedford ; and the fmaller iflands of Way- 
gate and Dilko. Davis’s Straits feparate Greenland from 
the American continent, and are between Cape Walfing- 
ham, on James Illand,and South Bay in G reenland, where 
they areabout fixty leagues broad, and extend from the 67th 
to the 71ft degrees of latitude above Difko ifland. The 
mod fouthern point of Greenland is called Cape Farewell. 
Hudfon’s Bay took its name from Flenry Hudfon, who 
difcovered it in 1610. It lies between 51 and 69 degrees 
of north latitude. The eaftern boundary of the bay is 
Terra de Labrador; the northern part has a ftraight coaft, 
facing the bay, guarded with a line of illes innumerable. 
A vail bay, called the Archiwinnipy Sea, lies within it, 
and opens into Hudfpn’s Bay, by means of Gulph Ha¬ 
zard, through which the Beluga whales pafs in great 
numbers. The entrance of the bay, from the Atlantic 
Ocean, after leaving, to the north, Cape Farewell and 
Davis’s Straits, between Refolution ifles on the north, and 
Button’s ifles, on the Labrador coaft, to the fouth, form¬ 
ing the eaftern extremity of Hudfon’s Straits. 
The coafts are very high, rocky, and rugged, at top ; 
in fome places precipitous, but fometimes exhibit ex en- 
five beaches. The illands of Salifbury, Nottingham, and 
Digges, are very lofty and naked. The depth of wa er in 
the middle of the bay is 140 fathoms. From Cape Church¬ 
ill to the .fouth end of the bay are regular found ngs ; 
near the fliore, (hallow, with muddy or fandy bo tom. 
To the northward of Churchill, the foundings are irivgu- 
Ve l. L No. 28. 
lar, the bottom rocky, and in fome parts the rocks appear 
above the furfaceat low water. 
James’s Bay lies at the bottom, or mod fouthern part, 
of Hudfon’s Bay, with which it communicates, and di¬ 
vides New Britain from South Wales. To the north- 
weftward of Hudfon’s Bay is an extenfive chain of lakes, 
among which is Lake Menichlich, latitude 6i°, longitude 
105 0 W. Nortli of this is Lake Dobount, to the north¬ 
ward of which lies the extenfive country of the northern 
Indians. Weft of thefe lakes, between the latitudes of 
60 and 66 degrees, after palling a large duller of un¬ 
named lakes, lies the lake or fea Arathapefcow, whofe 
fouthern (horesare inhabited by the Arathapefcow Indians, 
North of this, and near the Arctic circle, is Lake Edlande, 
around which live the Dog-ribbed Indians. Further 
north is Buffaloe Lake, near which, is Copper Mine ri¬ 
ver, in lat. 72°N. and long. ii9°W. of Greenwich. The 
Copper Mine Indians inhabit this country. 
Between Copper Mine river, which, according to Mr. 
Herne, empties into the Northern Sea, where the tide 
riles twelve or fourteen feet, and which in its whole courfe 
is encumbered with (hoals and falls, and the north-weft 
coaft of America, is an extenfive trad of unexplored 
country. As we defcend from north to fouth on the 
weftern coaft of America, juft fouth of the ardic circle, 
we come to Cape Prince of Wales, oppolite Eaft Cape on 
the eaftern continent; and here the two continents ap¬ 
proach neareft to each other. Proceeding fouthward, we 
pafs Norton Sound, Cape Stephen’s, Shoalnefs, Briftol 
Bay, Prince William’s Sound, Cook’s River, Admiralty 
Bay, and Port Mulgrave, Nootka Sound, See. From Noot-. 
ka Sound proceeding foutli, we pafs the unexplored coun¬ 
try of New Albion, thence to-California, and New Mexico. 
The vaft tract of country, bounded weft by th? Pacific 
Ocean, fouth and eaft by California, New Mexico, and 
Louiliana; the United States, Canada, and the Atlantic 
Ocean, and extending as far north as the country is ha¬ 
bitable (a few fcattered Englifh, French, and fome other 
European, fettlements excepted), is inhabited wholly by- 
various nations and tribes of Indians. The Indians alfo 
poflefs large trads of country within the Spanifti, Ameri¬ 
can, and Britifh, dominions, Thofe parts of North Ame¬ 
rica not inhabited by Indians, belong, if re include Green¬ 
land, to Denmark, Great, Britain, the American States, 
; and Spain. Spain claims Eaft and Weft Florida, and all 
weft of the Miffiftippi, and foutli of the northern bounda¬ 
ries of Louiftar.a, New Mexico, and California. Great 
Britain claims ail the country, inhabited by Europeans, 
