He may, on extraordinary occaGons, convene both houfes, 
or either of them ; and, in cafe of disagreement between 
them with refpeCl to the time of adjournment,, he may ad¬ 
journ them to finch time aS he (hall think proper. He re¬ 
ceives ambaffad'ofsy and other public mmifters, and is em¬ 
powered to take care that-the laws be faithfully executed. 
The congrefs lias-the power to impofeand collect taxes, 
duties, imports-, arid excifes, to pay the debts, and provide 
for the cdnrmoti defence and general welfare, of the com¬ 
munity; but all duties,' imparts, and excifes, are to be 
uniform throughout tire U'nited States. To borrow money 
on the public credit. To regulate commerce with foreign 
nations, atfo among the feveral dates, and with the Indian 
tribes. To coin money, to' regulate the value thereof, 
and of foreign coin; and to fix the ftandard of weights arid 
rneafures. To conftitute tribunals inferior to the fttpreme' 
court. To declare War, grant letters of mark and repri¬ 
sal. To raife and fupport armies; but no appropriation 
of money to that ufe Can be for a longer term than two 
years. To provide and maintain a navy. Tc'provide for, 
call forth, arm, and difcipline, tiie militia: each date to 
appoint the officers of their militia, and to poffefs the au¬ 
thority of training them, according to the difcipline pre- 
fcribed by congrefs. All bills for railing a revenue to 
originate in the hroufe of reprefentatives. The privilege 
of the writ of habeas corpus {hall, riot be ftifpended, unlefs 
when, in cafes of rebellion or invafion, the public fafety 
may require it. No money fhall be drawn from the trea- 
fury but in confequence of appropriations made by law, 
and a regular date merit and account of the receipts and 
expenditure of all public money fhall be published from 
time to time. No title of nobility fhall be granted by the 
United States; and no perfon holding any office of profit 
or truft under them fhall, without the confent of the con¬ 
grefs, accept of any prefent, emolument, office, or title, 
of any kind whatever, from any king, prince, or foreign 
fiate. Each particular date is, by this confederation, de¬ 
barred from entering into any treaty, alliance, or confede¬ 
ration, coin money, emit bills of*credit, make any tiling 
but gold and (ilver coin a tender in payment of debts, or 
grant any title of nobility. No date fhall, without the 
confent of the congrefs, lay any impods or duties on imports 
or exports, except what may be absolutely neceffary lor 
executing its infpeCtion-laws; whild the nett produce of 
fuch duties fhall be for the ufe of', the general treafury, 
and fubjeCt to the revifion and controul of congrefs. 
On furveying the nature of the government thus eda- 
blifired in the United States, it will appear, that the genu¬ 
ine fpirit of the Britifh conditution lias been much diffufed 
through that of America. The code of laws which this 
new date will adopt, is likely to partake no lefs of the 
principles of the principles of Britifh jurifprudence, but 
it is to be hoped that it will be as much dmplified, and di¬ 
verted of legal chicane and circuity, as is confident with 
the judicial prefervation of freedom. It is highly grati¬ 
fying to an Englifhman, when viewing thefe intererti'ng 
events, to refleCt, that not only the conditution and laws 
of his country will be tlius perpetuated over a continent, 
which in future ages mud be immenfely populous, but 
that his language will be preferved there fo long as the 
world fhall endure. In the late war, whild the French 
officers ferved in America, many of them were folicitous 
to become acquainted with the language fpoken in the 
country, and it was at that time no fmall mortification to 
the Americans to coniider it as the language of their in¬ 
vaders : it became therefore common among them to call 
the Englifh language “ the American,” and to fay to fucli 
foreigners as fpoke it, “ you fpeak American well.” The 
marquis de Chaftellux fays, that they carried their aver- 
fion to the language fo far as ferioudy to propole introdu¬ 
cing another language, which fliould be taught infchools, 
and made ufe of in all public acts; but thefe refentful 
feelings have happily fubfided. 
The third congrefs was affembled in December 1793, 
when the illuflrious George Wafiungton was re-chofen 
prefident; nor was there another man in any degree quali¬ 
fied like him to fill that dignified and important Ration*; yet 
it is much to-be apprehended that fuch a- re-eieCtion at the • 
commencement of the conditution, may furniih a prece¬ 
dent which, in future time's, will prove very injurious to 
its original purity, as well as effential principle. Expe¬ 
rience has fully proved, that elective offices, if not care¬ 
fully guarded, are liable to be converted into tenures for 
life; arid it may be deemed a difeuinon of much nicety, 
as well as importance, whether it had not been more ad- 
vifable for the dates- to have loft the oftenfible. fervices of 
that great man for the four fueceeding yeafs,-. rather than 
by reindating him to lay a foundation for a- deftruCtive in¬ 
novation in future times; and fudi a- faeriftce of prefent : 
advantage to futurity, would have utterly fruftrated all - 
attempts of ambitious men hereafter to gain the prefidency■ 
for life.- . 
The three national objects of the government in the 
United States, are the encouragement of agriculture, com¬ 
merce, and manufactures. The richnefs of the foil, which 
amply rewards the induftrious hulbandman; the tempe¬ 
rature of the climate, which admits of fteady labour; the 
cheapnefs of land, which tempts the foreigner from his 
native home; renders agriculture the great leading inte- 
reft of America. This furnifties outward cargoes, not 
only for all their own drips, but for thofe alfo which fo¬ 
reign nations fend to their ports; Or, in other words, it 
pays for all their importations ; it fupplies a great part of 
the clothing of the inhabitants, and food for them and their 
cattle. What is confumed at home, including the mate¬ 
rials for manufacturing, is four or five times the value of 
what is exported. 
The number of people employed in agriculture, is at ; 
lead three parts in four of the inhabitants of the United 
States; fome fay more. It follows of courfe that they 
form the body of. the militia, who are the bulwark of the . 
nation. The value of their property occupied by agri¬ 
culture, is many times greater than the property employed 
in every other way. The fettlement of wade lands, the 
fub-divifion of farms, and the numerous improvements in 
hufbandry, annually increafe the pre-eminence of the agri¬ 
cultural intered. The refources they derive from it, are 
at all times certain and indifpenfably neceffary: befides, 
the rural life promotes health, by its aCtive nature; and 
morality, by keeping the people from the luxuries and vices 
of populous towns. In Ihort, agriculture is the fpring of 
their commerce, and the parent of manufactures. 
Yet the vad extent of fea-coad, which fpreads before 
the confederated dates; the number of excellent harbours 
and fea-port towns they poffefs; the numerous creeks and 
immenfe bays, which indent the coad; and the rivers, 
lakes, and canals, which peninfulate the whole country; 
give the United States fuperior advantages for trade. 
Their commerce, including their exports, imports, drip¬ 
ping, manufactures, and fifheries, may properly be con- 
fidered as forming one filtered. This has been confidered 
as the great object, and the mod important intered, of the 
New England States. 1 
The confumption of fifti, oil, whale-bone, and other 
articles obtained through the fiflieries, in the towns and 
counties that are convenient for navigation, has become 
much greater than is generally fuppofed. It is computed 
that no lefs than 3000 barrels of mackarel, falnion, and 
pickled cod-fifli, are vended annually in the city of Phila¬ 
delphia ; add to them the dried fifti, oil, fpermaceti candles, ■ 
whale-bone, &c. and it will be found that a fleet of Hoops 
and fchooners are employed in the bufinefs. 
The quantity of furs, deer and elk Ikins, annually im¬ 
ported from the northern parts of America to England, is- 
prodigious. In 1784, the amount of fales for furs was 
more than 245,000k It has not equalled this fum every 
year lince, but has feldom varied more than from ten to 
twenty thoufand pounds, and this often on the favourable • 
fide. When we contider the number of animals deftroyed 
to furnifti fuch extenfive products, the mind feels itfelf. 
