A N A 
ic. Anabathra appears to have been fome times alfo ap¬ 
plied to ranges of feats rifing gradually over each other. 
Anabathra is more particularly applied to a kind of 
ftone blocks railed by the highway (ides, to allift travellers 
in mounting or alighting, before the ufe of lHrrups was 
invented. 
ANABIB A'ZON,yi in aftronomy, the Dragon's Head, 
or the northern node of the moon, where fhe paffes the 
ecliptic from the fouth to the north latitude. 
ANABLEP'S,y. in ichthyology, the trivial name of a 
fpecies of cobitis. See Cobitis. 
ANABO'A, a final 1 illand fituated near the coaft of 
Loango in Africa, in E. Ion. g°. N. Lat. i°. Here are fe- 
veral fertile valleys, which produce plenty of bananas, 
oranges, pine-apples, lemons, citrons, ’tamarinds, cocoa- 
nuts, &c. together with vaft quantities of cotton. 
ANABO'LjEUM, or Anabo'le,/; in antiquity, a kind 
of great or upper coat, worn over the tunica. 
AN ABO'LEUS,yi in antiquity, an appellation given to 
grooms of the liable, or equerries, who aflifted their mailers 
in mounting their horfes. As the ancients had no Itirrups, 
cr inftruments that are now in ufe for mounting a horfe, 
they either jumped upon his back, or were aided in mount¬ 
ing by ariabolei. 
ANABROCHIS'MOS,or Anabrochismus,/. [from 
cna.,fu.rfum, and Gr. a noofe. ] An operation which 
was tiled to be performed on the hair of the eye-lids when 
they are Offenfive to the eye. 
ANABRO'SlS,y. \_ava.Q^ui(xnu, Gr. to devour.] A cor- 
rolion of the folid parts by (harp humours, or any medi¬ 
cine. The fame [as diabrc[n\ it occafions a difeharge of 
blood, and often happens in the lungs. 
AN ACALYPTE'RI A, y [of awt>:*^rrw, Gr. to re¬ 
veal,] according to Suidas, were prefents.made to the bride 
by her hufband’s relations and friends when Ihe firft unco¬ 
vered her face and Ihewed herfelf to men. Thefe prefents 
were alfo called crraihciia : for, among the Greeks, virgins 
before marriage were under ftribl confinement, being rarely 
permitted to appear in public, or converfe with the other 
fex ; and, when allowed that liberty, wore a veil over their 
■faces, termed y.a/Kvm^ov^ or y.aXvnT^a., which was not left 
orf in the prefence of men till the third day after marriage ; 
whence, according to Hefycliius, this day was alfo called 
anacalyptcrion. 
ANACAMP'SEROS,y in botany. See Claytonia, 
Portulaca, and Sedum. 
ANACAMPTE'Rl A,y in ecclefiaftical antiquity, a 
kind of little edifices adjacent to the churches, defigned for 
the entertainment of ftrangers and poor perfons. 
ANACAMP'TIC, adj. [avciy.a^ 7 rl^, Gr. to bend back, 
to reflect; commonly faid of echoes, which are founds 
produced anacamptically, or by reflection.] Reflecting, or 
reflected. An anacamptic found, an echo; an anacamptic 
hill, a hill that produces an echo. 
AN ACA MP'TICS, /. The doctrine of reflefted light, 
or catoptrics. It has no lingular. 
ANACAR'DIUM,y. [ava^Jine, and cor- with¬ 
out heart : becaufe the pulp of the fruit, inltead of hav¬ 
ing the feed inciofed, as is ufually the cafe, has the nut 
growing out at the end of it.] In botany, a genus of the 
polygamia monoecia clafs, ranking in the natural order of 
holoraceca. The generic characters are—I. Hermaphrodite 
flower. Calyx: perianthium five-leaved; leaflets ovate, 
concave, coloured, ereCt, deciduous. Corolla: petals five, 
.lanceolate, acute, three times as long as the calyx, upright 
at bottom, reflex at the end. Stamina: filaments ten, 
united at the bale, upright; nine of them capillary, fhorter 
than the calyx; one thicker, double the length of the 
others, lying on the germ in front; anfherae- round!fh ; in 
the longer filament large and fertile, in the reft fmall. 
Piftillum: germ kidney-lhaped, obliquely emarginate in 
front; ftyle fubulate, bent in, the length of the corolla; 
ftigma fmall, roundilh, deprefted, concave. Pericarpium : 
none; receptacle flelhy, very large, obovate. Seed; nut 
Vol. I, No 32. 
ANA 505 
kidney-lliaped-, large, at the top of the receptacle; with a 
thick (hell, cellular within, and abounding in oil. 13 . 
Made flowers, either mixed .with the hermaphrodites, or 
on a diftimT tree. Calyx, corolla, and (lamina: as in the 
hermaphrodites. Piftillum: germ none or. abortive.— 
PJjential Cha.ra.Elcr. Calyx five-leaved; petals five, reflex ; 
antherae ten, one only fertile; nut kidney-fhaped, on the 
top of a flelhy receptacle. 
There is only one fpecies, known by the name of ana- 
cardium occidentale, or callievv-nut, calTu, or acajou. It 
is an elegant tree, twenty-feet high. Accordingto Browne, 
not more than twelve or lixteen feet in height, fpreading 
much as it riles, and beginning to branch at the diftance 
of five feet from the ground. Long, on the contrary, af¬ 
firms, that in good foils it fpreads to the fize of a walnut- 
tree, which it much refembles in the lhape and fmell of 
the leaves. The trunk feldom exceeds half a foot in dia¬ 
meter. The fruit or apple has an agreeable fub-acid fla¬ 
vour, with fome degree of reftringency. Some of thefe 
are of a yellow, and others of a red, colour, owing pro¬ 
bably to fome difference in the foil or culture. The juice 
exprefled from the fruit, and fermented, yields a pleafant 
wine ; and, diftilled, a fpirit is drawn from it, far exceed¬ 
ing arrack or ruin; making an admirable punch, and 
powerfully promoting urine. Some planters in the Weft 
Indies road the ripe fruit, or dice one or two into a bowl 
of punch, to give it a pleafant flavour. The reftringency 
of the juice has recommended it as a very lignal remedy 
in dropfical habits. 
The nut fprings from one end of the apple. It is of 
the fize and lhape of a hare’s kidney, but is much larger 
at the end next the fruit than at the other. The outer 
Ihell is of an alh-colour, and very linooth ; under this is 
another which covers the kernel; between thefe there is a 
thick inflammable oil, which is very cauftic; this will 
raife blitters on the Ikin, and has often been very trouble.- 
,forne to thofe who have incautiotifly put the nuts into their 
mouths to break the (hell. This oil has been ufed with 
great fuccefs in eating off ring-worms, cancerous ulcers, 
and corns; but it ought to be applied with caution. It is 
alfo elteemed an excellent cofmetic with the Weft-India 
young ladies, but they mult certainly, fuffer a great deal 
of pain in its application; and, as fond as our Britilh fe¬ 
males are of a beautiful face, it is highly probable they 
would never fubmit to be flayed alive to obtain one. When 
any of the former fancy themfelves too much tanned by 
the (torching rays of the fun, they gently ferape off the 
thin outiide of the ftone, and then rub their faces all over 
with the ftone. Their faces immediately fvvell and grow 
black; and the Ikin, being poifoned by the cauftic oil 
above-mentioned, will, in the fpace of five or (lx days, 
come entirely off in large flakes, fo that they cannot ap¬ 
pear in public in lefs than a fortnight; by which time the 
new (kin looks as fair as that of a new-born child. The 
, kernel, when frefh, has a molt delicious tafte, and abounds 
with a fweet milky juice. It is an ingredient in puddings, 
&c. When older it is generally roalted ; and in this Hate 
is not fo proper for coftive habits. Ground with cacao it 
makes an excellent chocolate. When kept too long, it 
becomes Ihrivelled, and lofes its flavour and belt qualities. 
The thick oil of the (hell tinges linen of a rally iron- 
colour, Which can hardly be got out; and, if any wood 
be fmeared with the oil, it prevents the wood from de¬ 
caying. It would therefore be an excellent prefervative 
to houfe-timbers, and (hips’ bottoms. From the body of 
the tree is procured, by tapping or incifion, a milky juice, 
which will (lain linen of a deep black, that cannot be 
waftied out again. This tree alfo annually tranfudes from 
five to ten or twelve pounds weight of a fine femi-tranf- 
parent gum, fimilar to gum arabic, and not inferior to it 
in virtue or quality, except that it has a (light aftringeucy, 
which perhaps renders it, in fome refpetts, more valua¬ 
ble. It is a native of both Indies, and was cultivated in 
1699, by the duchels of Beaufort. 
P1 eparation and Culture. The calhew-tree is eafily rai-- 
<6 N fed 
