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Moscow of the Eye-lids.—T he palpebr© or eye¬ 
lids, bnve'ohe mufcle common to both, and tlie upper eye¬ 
lid one proper to itTelf. i. Orbicularis palpib- a*um, arifes 
from the oncer edge of the orbitar procefs of the-fu'perior 
maxillary bone, and from a tendon near the inner angle of 
the eye, firmly adhering to the interriSal angular procefs of 
the os frontis, and to the llic-rt round tendontvinch ferves 
to fix the palpebrse aud'imifcuiar fibres ariling from it. It 
rs inferted into tlte nafal procefs of the fuperior maxillary 
bone, covering the anterior and upper part of the lachry¬ 
mal lac; and ferv.es to (hut the eye, by drawing both lids 
clofe together, tlte fibres contracting, from the outer angle 
towards the inner, prefs the eye-ball, fqtteeze the lachry¬ 
mal gland, and convey the tears towards the pun 61 a lachry- 
malis. The cilia ris of fome authors is only a part of this 
rnufcle covering the cartilages of the eye-lids, called cilia 
or larfi. 2. Levator palpebr at fuperior is, arife from the up¬ 
per part of the foramen optician of the fpenoid bone, thro’ 
which the optic nerve palfes. It is inferted into the carti¬ 
lage that fnpports the upper eye-lid, named tarfus\ and 
ferves to open the eye, by drawing the eye-lid upwards. 
Muscles of the Eye ball. —The mufcles which 
move the globe of the eye are fix, viz. Four Jl might and 
two oblique. i. Ledatore oculi, arifes from the upper part 
of the foramen optica m of the fphenoid bone, below the 
levator palpebrse fuperioris; and is inferted into the fupe- 
rior and fore-part of the tunica fclerotica, by a broad thin 
tendon; and is ufed to raife up the globe of the eye. 2. 
Dcprejfor oculi, arifes from the inferior part of the foramen 
©pticum; is inferted oppofite to the former ; and pulls the 
globe of the eye down. 3. AdduElor oculi ariles, as the 
former, between the obliquus fuperior and deprelfor, be¬ 
ing, from its fituation, the (horteft. It is inferted oppolite 
to the inner angle, and turns the eye towards the nole. 4. 
AbduBor oculi, arifes from the bony partition between the 
foramen opticum and laeerum; is inferted into the globe 
oppoiite the outer canthus ; and ferves to move the globe 
outwards. 
The oblique mufcles are two, viz. 1. Obliquus fuperior, 
feu trochlearis, arifes from the edge of the foramen optician, 
between the levator and adduCtor oculi; from thence 
runs (Iraight along the pars plana of the ethmoid bone to 
the upper part of the orbit, and runs a little downwards 
and outwards, inclofed in a loofe membranous fheath. It 
is inferted into the tunica fclerotica; and is ufed to roll the 
globe of the eye, and turn the pupil downwards and out¬ 
wards, fo that the upper fide of the globe is turned in¬ 
wards, and the inferior part to the outfide of the orbit, 
and the whole globe drawn towards the inner canthus. 2. 
Obliquus inferior, arifes from the outer edge of the orbitar 
procefs of the fuperior maxillary bone ; and, running 
obliquely outwards, is inferted into the fclerotica, by a 
broad thin tendon. Its ufe is to draw the globe of the 
eye forwards and inwards; and, contrary to the fuperior, 
to turn the pupil upwards, towards the inner extremity of 
the eye-brow. 
MuscLEof the Nose. —There is only one nmfcle on 
each fide proper to the nofe; though it is affected by fe- 
veral mufcles of the face, viz. Compreffor naris, arifes from 
the root of the ala nafi externally, and fpreads into a num¬ 
ber of thin feparate fibres, which run up along the carti¬ 
lage in an oblique manner towards the dorfum of the nofe, 
where it joins with its fellow, and is inferted into the ante¬ 
rior extremity of the os nafi and nafal procefs of the fu¬ 
perior maxillary bone. Its ufe is to comprefs the ala to¬ 
wards the feptum nafi, particularly when we want to fmell 
acutely; but, if the fibres of the frontal mufcle, which 
adhere to it, a6t, the upper part of this thin mufcle afiifts 
to pull the ala outwards. It alfo corrugates the Ikin of 
nofe, and affills in expreffing certain paflions. 
Muscles of the Mouth and Lips. —The mouth has 
nine pair of mufcles, which are inferted into the lips, and 
a common one formed by the termination of thefe, viz. 
three above, three below, three outwards , and the common 
mufcle furroiinds the mouth. The three upper are, 1. 
O M Y. 
Levator angvli oris, arifes from the hollow of the fuperior 
maxillary bone, and is Inferted into the angle- of the mouth 
and under lip, where it joins with its antagonift. It ferves 
to draw the corner of the mouth upwards, .and make that 
part of the cheek opposite to the chin prominent, as in 
finding. 2. Levator labiifuperioris alceque nafi, arifes by two 
diftinCt origins ; the firft from the external part of the or¬ 
bitar procels of the fuperior maxillary bone ; the fecond, 
from the nalal procefs of the fuperior maxillary bone. 
The firft and (horteft portion is inierted into the upper lip 
and orbicularis labiorum ; the fecond and longed, into tlu: 
upper lip and outer part of the ala nafi. The firft ferves 
to raife the upper lip towards the orbit, and a little out¬ 
wards; the fecond portion ferves to draw the Ikin of the 
nole upwards and outwards, by which the noftril is dila¬ 
ted. 3. Dcprejfor labii fuperioris alceque naf, arifes from the 
os maxillare fupefius, immediately above the joining of 
the gums with the two dentes incifivi, and the dens cani- 
nus : from thence it runs up under part of the levator la,- 
bii fuperioris alaeque nafi; and is inferted into the upper 
lip and root of the ala nafi. Its ufe is to draw the upper 
lip and ala nafi downwards and backwards, 
The three lower mufcles are, 1. Dcprejfor annuli oris, 
arifes from the lower edge of the maxilla inferior, at the 
fide of the chin, and is inferted into the angle of the mouth, 
joining with the zygomaticus major and levator anguli 
oris; and ferves to pull down the corner of the mouth. 
2. Dcprejfor labii inferioris, arifes from the inferior part of 
the lower jaw next the chin; runs obliquely upwards; and 
is inierted into the edge of the under lip, and is loft in its 
red part. It ferves to pull the under lip and Ikin of the 
fide of the chin downwards, and a little outwards. 3. 
Levator labii inferioris, arifes from the lower jaw, at the 
roots of the alveoli of two dentes incifivi and of the cani- 
ntts; is inferted into the under lip and fkin of the chin; 
and ferves to pull the parts into which it is inferted up¬ 
wards. 
The three outward mufcles are, 1. Buccinator, arifes 
from the lower jaw, as far back as the laft dens molaris 
and fore-part of the root of the coronoid procefs ; flelhy 
from the upper jaw, between the laft dens molaris and 
pterygoid procefs of the fphenoid bone; from the extre¬ 
mity of which it arifes tendinous, being continued between 
both jaws to the conftriCtor pharyngis fuperior, with which 
it joins; from thence, proceeding with llraight fibres clofe 
to the membrane that lines the mouth, it is inferted into 
the angle of the mouth within the orbicularis oris; and 
ferves to draw tlte angle of the mouth backwards and out¬ 
wards, and to contract its cavity, by profiling the cheek 
inwards, by which the food is thruft between the teeth. 
2. Zygomaticus major, arifes from the os mala?, near the zy¬ 
gomatic future; and is inferted into the angle of the mouth. 
Its ufe is to draw the corner of the mouth and under lip 
towards the origin of the mufcle, and make the cheek 
prominent, as in laughing. 3. Zygomaticus minor , arifes 
from the upper prominent part of the os malae above the 
origin of the former mufcle; and, defeending obliquely 
downwards, is inierted into the upper lip, near the corner 
of the mouth, along with the levator anguJi oris. It ferves 
to draw the corner of the mouth obliquely outwards, and 
upwards, towards the external canthus of the eye. 
The common mufcle is the orbicularis oris, which is, in 
a great meafure, formed by the mulcles that move the lips; 
the fibres of the fuperior defeending, thofe of the inferior 
afeending, and, decollating each other about rhe corner 
of the mouth, run along the lip to join thofe of the oppo¬ 
fite fide, fo that the flelhy fibres appear to furround the 
mouth like a fphinCter. Its ufe is to (hut the mouth, by 
contracting and drawing bodt lips together, and to coun¬ 
teract all the mufcles that affift in forming it. There is 
another fmall mufcle deferibed by Albinus, which he calls 
nafalis labii fuperioris ; but it feems to be only fome fibres 
of the former connected to tlte feptum nafi. 
Muscles of the Lower Jaw. —The lower jaw has 
four pair of mufcles, viz. two which are feen on the fide 
of 
