AND 
eeau fays, tliat in this cafe it is a fmall membranous pro- 
duftion, which extends from the fraenulum to the tip of 
the tongue, that hinders the child from fucking, &c. He 
advil’es to blip it with fciflars in two or three places, taking 
eare not to extend the points of the fciflars fo far as the 
fnenulum. The inftances. rarely occur which require any 
kind of atliftance; for, if the child can thruft the tip of 
its tongue to the outer edge of its lip, this difeafe does not 
exift; and, if the tongue is not greatly reftrained, tire frae- 
nulurn will ftretch by the child’s fucking and crying. 
ANCYLOS'SIS, /. in furgery, a diftortion or ftiffnefs 
of the joints, caufed by a fettlement of the humours, or 
a diftenlion of the nerves, and therefore remedies of a 
mollifying and relaxing nature are required. 
ANCY'RA, the capital of Galatia, at no great diftance 
from the river Halys, faid to be built by Midas, king of 
Phrygia, and to take its name from an anchor found there. 
It was greatly improved by Auguftus, deemed the fecond 
founder of it, as appears from the Marmor Ancyranum. It 
is now called Angara, or Angora. Lat.39.30. Ion. 3 2.5. E. 
ANCYROI'DES, f. [ayy.vgos Gr.] The (hooting 
forth of the fiioulder-bone in the form of a peak. 
ANCYS'TRUM,/ in botany. See Ancistrum. 
AND, conj. The particle by which fentences or terms 
are joined, which it is not eafy to explain by any fynony- 
mous word.—It Ihall ever be my ftudy to make difcoveries 
of this nature in human life, and to fettle the proper dif- 
tinftions between the virtues and perfections of mankind, 
and thofe falfe colours and refemblances of them that ftiine 
alike in the eye of the vulgar. Addifon.—And fometimes 
fmnifies though, and feems a contraction of arid if.—-It is 
the nature of extreme felf-lovers, as they will fet an houfe 
on fire, and it were but toroaft their eggs. Bacon. —In and 
if, the and is redundant, and is omitted by all later wri¬ 
ters.—I pray thee, Launce, an’ if thou feeft my boy, bid 
him make hafte. Shaliefpeare . 
ANDABA'TiD, /. in antiquity, a fort of gladiators, 
who, mounted on horfeback or in chariots, fought hood¬ 
winked, having a helmet that covered their eyes. 
ANDALU'SIA, [it is now become a falhion to pro-^ 
nounce it Andalusi'a.] The raoli wefiern province of 
Spain, having Eftremadura and La Mancha on the north ; 
the kingdom of Granada, the ftraitsof Gibraltar, and the 
ocean, onthefouth; and, on the weft, the kingdom of 
Algarva in Portugal, from which it is feparated by the 
river Guadiana, It is about 250 miles long, and 150 
broad. The chief cities and towns arc Seville the capital, 
Baeza, Gibraltar, Corduba, Cadiz, Medina Sidonia, Jaen, 
Port St. Mary, &c. It is the befi, mofl fruitful, and the 
richeft, part of all Spain. There is a good air, a ferene 
Iky, a fertile foil, and an extent of fea-coaft fit forcommerce. 
New Andalusia, a diviJion of the province of Terra 
Firma in South America, whofe boundaries cannot be well 
afeertained, as the Spaniards pretend a right to countries 
in which they have never eftablifhed any (ettlements. Ax- 
cording to the mod reafonable limits, it extends in length 
500 miles from north to fouth, and about 270 in breadth 
from ea!f to well. The interior country )S woody and 
mountainous, variegated with fine valleys that yield corn 
.and pafhirage. The produce of the country confifis chief¬ 
ly in dyeing-drugs, gums, medicinal-roots, brazil-wood, 
fugar, tobacco, and fome valuable timber. To this pro¬ 
vince alfo belonged five valuable pearl-fifheries. The ca¬ 
pital of New Andalufla is Comana, Cumana, or New Cor¬ 
duba, fimated in lat. 9. 55. N. about nine miles from the 
north fea. Here the Spaniards laid the foundation of a 
town in the year 1320. The place is ftrong by nature, 
and fortified by a caflie capable of making a vigorous de¬ 
fence; as appeared in the year 1670, when it was aflat) 1 ted 
by the buccaneers, who were t epulfed with great (laughter. 
’ANDAMAN or Ande'man Ifiands, in the Eaft In¬ 
dies, fituated cm the eaft fide of the entrance of the bay 
of .Bengal, about eighty leagues diftance from Tanaferim 
«n the coaft of Siam. The Eaft-India (hips fometimes 
Voi. I. No. 43. 
A N 1 > 677 
touch at them, and are lupplied by the natives with rice# 
herbs, and fruits. Lat. from io° to 15 0 N. ion. 92.0. E. 
AN DAN AGAR', a beautiful, rich, and populous, town, 
of the province of Deccan. 
ANDAN'TE, in mufic, fignifies a movement moderate¬ 
ly flow, between largo and allegro. 
ANDAY'E, a town in the department of the Lower 
Pyrenees, famous for its brandy. It is lituated at the 
mouth of the river Bidalfoa, oppofite Fontarabiain Spain, 
eighteen miles from Bayonne. Lat.43. 25.N. Ion. r.4$.W. 
AN'DK, a river of H amp (hi re, that riles in lire foreft 
of Clmte. 
AN'DELY, a town in tlie department of Eure, and 
late province of Normandy, in France, is divided by a pa¬ 
ved road into two little towns, Great and Little Andelv; 
the former on the river Gambons, the latter on the Seine. 
The cloths manufactured here are very fine. It is twenty 
miles fouth-eaft of Rouen, and fixty north-weft of Paris. 
Lat. 49. 20 N. Ion. 1. 30. E. 
ANDE'NA, in old writers, denotes the fvvarth made 
in mowing of hay, or as much ground as a man could 
ltride over at once. 
AN'DERAB, the mod fouthern city of the province 
of Balkh, poliefled by the Ulbeck Tartars. It is very 
rich and populous, but a place of no great ftrength. The 
neighbouring mountains yield excellent quarries of lapis- 
lazuli, in which the Bukhars drive a great trade with Per- 
fia and India. This city is fituated at the foot of the 
mountains dividing the dominions of the Great Mogul and 
Perfia from Great Bukharia. As there is no other way 
of crofting thefe mountains but by the road through this 
city, all travellers with goods muil pay 4 per cent. On 
this account the khan of Balkh maintains a great number 
of foldiers in the place. 
AN'DERN ACHT, a fmall town of Cologne, feated on 
the Rhine, and near it there are fome excellent mineral 
waters. There is fome trade carried on here iujarge tim¬ 
ber, which is floated dow n to this place, and hence to 
Holland. It is ten miles north-weft of Coblentz. Lat. 
50. 29. N. Ion. 7. 22. E. 
ANDE'RO (St.) a fea-port town in the bay of Bifcay, 
in Old Caftile, feated on a fmall peninfula. It is a tra¬ 
ding-town, and contains about 700 houfes, two parifti- 
churches, and four monafteries. Here the Spaniards build 
and lay up fome of their men of war. Lat. 43. 20. N. 
Ion. 4. 30. W. 
AN'DERSON (Sir Edmund), a younger Ion of an an¬ 
cient Scotch family fettled in Lincolnfhire. He was fome 
time a (Indent of Lincoln-college, Oxford; and removed 
from thence to tlje Inner Temple, wbere he applied him- 
felf diligently to the ftudy of the law, and became a bar- 
rifter. In the nineteenth year of the reign of queen Eli¬ 
zabeth he was appointed her majefty’s ferjeant at law ; 
and, fome time after, one of the juftices of the aflize. 
In 15S2 he was made lord chief juftice of the common 
pleas, and in the year following was knighted. He held 
his office to the end of his life, died in the year 1605, and 
was buried at Eyvvorth in Bedfordfhire. His works are, 
1. Reports of many Principal Cafes argued and adjudged 
in tiie time of Queen Elizabeth in the Common Bencho 
Lond. 1644, fol. 2. Refoiutions and Judgments o.n the 
Cafes and Matters agitated in all the Courts of Weftmin- 
fter, in the latter end of the reign of Queen Elizabeth; 
publifneid by John Gold (borough, Efq. Lond. 1633, gto. 
Befides thefe, there is a manulcript copy of his Readings 
dill in being. 
AN'DERSON (Alexander), one of the brighteft orna¬ 
ments of the mathematical world, who flourifhed about 
200 years ago. He was born at Aberdeen in Scotland, 
towards the latter part of the 16th century, and was pro- 
feflor of mathematics at Paris in the early part of the 17th, 
where he publiflied feveral ingenious works in .geometry 
and algebra, both of his own, and of his friend Vieta’s. 
Alexander w&s eim jin-german to a Mr. David Aauerfon, 
