68o 
AND 
of her age. Her death being a matter of general concern 
and lamentation, there were many Latin and Italian ele¬ 
gies printed to her memory: feveral of thefe pieces were 
placed before her poems in the edition of Milan, in 1605. 
Belides her fonnets, madrigals, longs, and eclogues, there 
is a paltoral of hers intitlcd Myrtilla, and letters, printed 
at Venice in 1610. She lung extremely well, played ad¬ 
mirably on feveral inftruments, underflood the French and 
Spanifn languages, and was not unacquainted with philo- 
fophy. 
ANDRE'LINUS (Publius Faultus), born at Forli in 
Italy. He was a long time profelfor of poetry and philo¬ 
sophy in the univerfity of Paris. Louis XII. made him 
his poet laureat; and Erafmus tells 11s he was likewiie 
poet to the queen. His pen was not wholly employed in 
making verfes; for he wrote alio moral and proverbial 
letters in profe, which were printed feveral times. His 
poems, which are chiefly in Latin, are inferted in Vol. I. 
of the Deliciae Poetarum Italorum. Mr. de la Monnoie 
tells us, “ that Andrelinus, when he was but twenty-two 
years old, received the crown of laurel. That his love- 
verfes, divided into four books, inlitled Livia, from the 
name of his miftrefs, were elleemed fo fine by the Roman 
Academy, that they adjudged the prize of the Latin elegy 
to the author.” He died in 151S. 
AN'DREW, Gr. manly or courageous.] A 
man’s name. 
Andrew (St.) the apoftle, born at Bethfaida in Gali¬ 
lee, brother to Simon Peter. He had been a difciple of 
John the Baptill, and followed Jefus upon the teflimony 
given of him by the Baptill: John i. 30, 37, &c. He fol¬ 
lowed our Saviour with another of John’s difciples, and 
went into the horde where Jefus lodged; here he continu¬ 
ed from about four o’clock in the afternoon till it was night. 
This was the firft difciple whom our Saviour received into 
his train. Andrew introduced his brother Simon, and 
they palled a day with Chrift, after which they went to the 
marriage in Cana, and at lall returned to their ordinary 
occupation. Some months after, Jefus, meeting them 
while they were both filhing together, called them to him, 
and promifed to make them filhers of men. Immediately 
they left their nets, followed him, and never afterwards 
feparated from him. After our Saviour’s afcenlion, his 
apollles having determined by lot what parts of the world 
they fhould feveraliy tafle, Scythia and the neighbouring 
countries fell to St. Andrew, w ho, according to Eufebius, 
after h.e had planted the golpel in feveral places, came to 
Patrae in Achaia, where, endeavouring to convert the pro- 
conful /Egeas, he was by that governor’s orders Icourged, 
and then crucified. The particular time of his fuffering 
martyrdom is not known; but all the ancient and modern 
inartyrologies, both of the Greeks and Latins, agree in 
celebrating Iris feltival upon the 30th of November. His 
body was embalmed, and decently interred at Patras by 
Maximilla, a lady of great quality and ellate. After¬ 
wards it was removed to Conllantinople by Conllantine the 
Great, and buried in the great church, which he had 
built to the honour of the apollles. There was acrofs to 
be (een lately in the church of St. Victor at Marfeilles, 
which was believed by the Romanills to be the fame that 
St. Andrew was fattened to. It js in the lhape of the let¬ 
ter X, and is inclofed in a filver (brine. 
Andrew, or Knights of St. Andrew, an order of 
knights, more ufually called the order of thethiftle. See 
Thistle. 
Knights of St. Andrew, is alfo an order inftituted by 
Peterthe Great of Mufcovv, in 1698 ; the badge of which 
is a golden medal; on one lide whereof is reprefented St. 
Andrew’s crols, with thef’e words, Cazar Pierre monarque 
de tout le Rujfie. This medal, being fattened to a blue rib¬ 
bon, is fufpended from the right (boulder. 
St. Andrew’s Day, a feltival of the ChriHian church, 
celebrated on the 30th of November, in honour of the 
apoltle St. Andrew. 
Andrew’s (St.) 4 town of Fifelhire in Scotland, once 
AND 
the metropolis of the Pidtilh kingdom, lying in lat.jS. iS. 
N. Ion. 2. 25. W. If we may credit legend, St. Andrew’s 
owes its origin to a lingular accident. St. Regulus, a 
Greek of Achaia, was warned by a vilion to leave his na¬ 
tive country, and vifit Albion, an ifle placed in the remo- 
telt part of the world ; and to take with him the arm-bone, 
three fingers, and three toes, of St. Andrew. He obeyed, 
and fet fail with his companions, but had a very tempeftu- 
ous paffage. After being tolled for fome time on a (tormy 
fea, he was at lall fhipwrecked on the ccalts of Otholo- 
nia, in the territories of IIerguflits king of the Pifts, in 
the year 370. On hearing of the arrival of the ftrangers, 
with their precious relics, the king immediately gave or¬ 
ders for their reception, afterwards prefenting the faint 
with his own palace, and buiiding near it the church, 
which ftill bears the name of St. Regulus. 
The town of St. Andrew’s was ereited into a royal bo¬ 
rough by David I. in the year 1140, and their privileges 
afterwards confirmed. The charter of Malcolm II. is 
preferred in the tolbooth ; and appears written on a bit of 
parchment, but the contents equally valid with what would 
at this time require whole fkins. Here alfo are kept the 
filver keys of the city ; which, for form’s fake, are deli¬ 
vered to the king, if he fhould vifit the place, or to a vic¬ 
torious enemy, in token of fubmiflion. In this place, 
likewife, is to be feen the monftrous ax which, in 1646,' 
took off the heads of Sir Robert Spotfwood and other dif- 
tinguilhed loyalifts. The town underwent a liege in 1337 ; 
at which time it was poffeffed by the Englifh“and other 
partizans of Baliol; but the loyalifts, under the earls of 
March and Fife, made themfelves matters of it in three 
weeks, by the help of their battering machines. 
St. Andrew’s is now greatly reduced. It is a mile in 
circuit, and contains three principal lirects. On entering 
the weft port, a well-built ftreet, of great length and 
breadth, appears ; but fo grafs-grown, and prefenting fuch 
a dreary lolitude, that it forms the perfect idea of having 
been laid wafte by the peltilence. The cathedral was 
founded by bifhop Arnold in 1161, but did not attain its 
full magnificence till 1318. Its length from eaft to weft 
was 370 feet; that of the tranfept, 322. But, though this 
valt pile was 157 years in building, John Knox, in June 
1559, eftefited its demolition in a (ingle day; and fo effec¬ 
tually has it been deltroyed, that nothing now remains but 
part of the eaft and weft ends, and of the fouth fide. Near 
the eaft end is the chapel of St. Regulus; the tower of 
which is a lofty equilateral triangle, of twenty feet each 
fide, and 103 feet high; the body of the chapel remains, 
but the two fide-chapels are ruined. The arches of the 
windows and doors are round, and fome even more than 
femicircles; an undoubted proof of their antiquity. 
On the eaft fide of the city are the poor remains of the 
caftle, on a rock overlooking the fea. This fortrefs was 
founded, in 1401, by bilhop Trail, who was buried near 
the high altar of the cathedral. 
The celebrated univerfity of this city w'as founded in 
1411, by bilhop Ward law. It conlifted once of three col¬ 
leges. x. St. Salvator’s, founded in 145S by bilhop Ken¬ 
nedy. This is a handfome building, with a courtorqua- 
drangle within : on one fide is the church, on another the 
library; the third contains apartments for Undents: the 
fourth is unfinifiied. 2. St. Leonard’s college was founded 
by prior Hepburn, in 1522. This is now' united with the 
laft, and the buildings fold, and converted into private' 
houfes. 3. The new, or St. Mary’s, college, was efta- 
biilhed by archbilhop Hamilton in 1553; but the houfe 
was built by James and David Bethune, or Beaton, who 
did not live to complete it. This is faid to have been the 
fiteof a Jcliola illujiris long before the eftablilhment even of 
the univerfity; where feveral eminent clergymen taught, 
gratis, the fcjences and languages. But it was called the 
new college, becaufe of its late ereftion into a divinity 
college by the archbilhop. The univerfity is governed by 
a chancellor, an office originally defigned to be perpetu¬ 
ally veiled in the archbilhops of St. Andrew’s; but fince 
3 the- 
