70S A N G 
plained her d&fign in an animated fpeecli; offering at the 
fame time liberty to thofe who chofe to abandon her on 
this account to go where they would: and fuch was their 
attachment to her, that even in fuch a fudden and im¬ 
portant change in her refolutions they expreffed no unea- 
finef's, but on the contrary applauded her to the higheft 
degree. 
The Portuguefe, after having been harrafied in a terri¬ 
ble manner for twenty-eight years, began now freely to 
enjoy the fruits of their conquefts. A treaty was fet on 
foot between the viceroy and Zingha; which, however, 
was not enfdy concluded. She demanded the releafe of 
her filter Cambi, whole Chriftian name was Donna Bar¬ 
bara. This princefs was received by Zingha in a very 
affectionate manner: and, fome time after, the queen was 
not only thoroughly reconciled to the Portuguefe, but 
looked upon them as her belt friends. She encouraged 
the Chriftian religion; had a church built in her capital; 
made feverai laws againft Paganifm ; and, to encourage mar¬ 
riage, lire herfelf wedded a hand fome young fellow in the 
feventy-fifth year of her age. 
The Portuguefe now propofed to her the following terms, 
as the balls of a lalting treaty between the two nations : 
1. That they Ihould yield to her, as a prefent, fome of the 
countries of which they had already robbed her. 2. That 
in conlideration of the faid prefent, which Ihould in no- 
wife be interpreted as an inveftirure, the queen Ihould 
pay yearly a certain acknowledgment to the king of Por¬ 
tugal, who Ihould be at liberty to withdraw the laid pre¬ 
fent whenever Ihe failed of making the laid acknowledg¬ 
ment. 3. That a free commerce Ihould be opened be¬ 
tween thofe two (fates, as well for (laves as for other mer¬ 
chandizes. 4. That the queen Ihould moled none of the 
lords that were feudatory to the Portuguefe, whatever 
damages and ravages they might have committed during 
the late wars between them. 5. That Ihe Ihould reltore 
all the Portuguefe Haves that had taken refuge in her do¬ 
minions. 6. That Hie fliould deliver up the Giaga Colan- 
da, who had revolted from the Portuguefe, upon condi¬ 
tion that his crime Hiould go unpunilhed. 
The queen, having now a thorough view of the avarice 
and ambition of thofe with whom (he had to do, conceiv¬ 
ed fuch difpleafure againft the Portuguefe, that Hie fell 
lick. During this licknefs, father Anthony, her chief 
confident, and a creature of the viceroy, never ceafed 
from foliciting her to make her peace with God, and to 
accept the terms offered her by the Portuguefe; but Zing¬ 
ha, though worn out with age and ficknefs, had Hill the 
good fenfe to perceive, that there was no connection be¬ 
tween making her peace with God and complying with 
fuch infamous terms; and therefore gave the following 
anfwer, which under fuch circumltances, fhews a magna¬ 
nimity fcarcely equalled in any age or in any country : 1. 
That, as to her converfion, as it was neither owing to any 
defire of obtaining a peace, or other worldly motives, but 
the Divine Grace by which (he was recalled, fhe was re- 
folved to perfevere in it to her lalt breath. 2. That, as to 
- her going over to the Giagan fed, Hie had in a great mea- 
fure been forced to it by the Portuguefe viceroy. 3. That 
the king of Portugal would do a generous a£t in reftoring 
fome of her Angolic dominions ; but it would be more fo, 
were he to reftore them all. 4. That, as to her paying ho¬ 
mage to him, neither her mind nor heart were bafe enough 
to confent to it; and that, as Hie had refufed the propofal 
while Hie lived among the Giagas, much more did (he think 
herfelf above it now (he was a Chriftian queen, and owed 
neither tribute nor homage to any but to the Supreme 
Power, from ■whom Hie had received both her being and 
her kingdom. That, neverlhelefs, if Hie could be convin¬ 
ced that there was any thing in her dominions that would 
be acceptable to his Portuguefe majefty, Hie would volun¬ 
tarily make him a prefent of it; and, as to the reft of the 
articles, fuch was her defire of making a firm and lading 
peace with them, that Hie fliould make no difficulty of 
confenting to them. 
O L A. 
This anfwer was not altogether fatisfadlory to the vice¬ 
roy ; but the prieft, finding it impofiible to make any im- 
preffion upon her mind, eafily prevailed upon him to con-, 
lent to the following terms: 1. That the river Lucalla 
fliould be the boundary between the dominions of the Por ■ 
tuguefe and of queen Zingha. 2. That neither (ide Ihould 
thenceforth' give any reception to the fugitive Haves of the 
other, hut fend them back without delay, together with 
the prifoners which had been taken during the laft war. 
3. That the queen Ihould remain wholly free and exempt 
from all tribute and homage whatever, provided Ihe agreed 
to the other articles. 
Thefe terms were at laft figned by the queen, and rati¬ 
fied by the king of Portugal. The only difficulty the 
queen had concerning this treaty was with regard to the 
Giaga Colanda: and the manner in which Hie extricated 
herlelf from it, with her fubfequent behaviour, cannot 
fail to give us an high idea of the mental abilities of this 
African heroine. 
This Giagan chief, weary of the Portuguefe yoke, had 
retired at the head of 1000 foldiers, and a much greater 
number of Haves, fome leagues beyond the river Lucalla, 
and put himfelf under the queen’s protection. This Ihe 
readily granted, as he was very able to be ferviceable to 
her in cafe the perfidious conduct of the Portuguefe fliould 
oblige her to renew the war. She could not therefore but 
look upon it as unjuft and diflionourable, to deliver up a 
brave chief who had devoted himfelf to her fervice, and 
whom Ihe had taken under her fpecial protection, to a na¬ 
tion with whofe perfidy fhe was fo well acquainted. To 
lave her honour, therefore, fome time before the ratification 
of the treaty, Ihe lent privately for the Giaga, and ac¬ 
quainted him with the demand of the Portuguefe ; telling 
him, at the fame time, that though Ihe doubted not of the 
viceroy’s keeping his word, and forgiving his offence, yet 
Hie advifed him to go out of her dominions, and fettle in 
fome diftant country from the Portuguefe frontiers; but 
forbade him, on pain of her higheft: difpl.eafure, to com¬ 
mit the lead outrage or hoftility within their dominions. 
The Giaga thanked her, and feemed to acquiefce with her 
advice, but did not follow it. On the contrary, he had 
no fooner reached his fortrefs, than he fet himfelf about 
fortifying it in fuch a manner as looked rather like defi¬ 
ance than defence; and, having gathered a coniiderable 
army, loon fpread a general terror around him. Of this 
the Portuguefe failed not to complain to the queen; who 
immediately marched againft him, furprifed and defeated 
his army; and, lie himfelf being killed in the aClion, his 
head was" cut off and fent to the Portuguefe. 
This was among the laft memorable adlions performed 
by this famous queen ; who, now finding herfelf unfit for 
the fatigues of war, contented herfelf (in 1658) with dif- 
patching an old experienced general againft a neighbour¬ 
ing prince who had invaded her territories. He proved no 
lels fuccefsful than herfelf, and quickly forced the aggref- 
for to fubmit to her terms. She now gave herfelf up to 
ftudy the bed method of propagating Chriftianity among 
her fubjedts; and for this purpofe fent a folemn embaffy 
to Rome, to pay homage to the pope in her name, and to 
requeft a frefli fupply of miffionaries. To this letter ihe 
received an anfwer from his holinefs in 1662; and it was 
read in the church, that fame year, in the molt public and 
folemn manner. The day appointed was the 15th of Ju¬ 
ly ; on which fhe repaired to the church at the head of a 
numerous retinue, aud having the letter hanging about her 
neck in a purfe made of cloth of gold. The concourfe 
was fo great, that the church could not contain one half 
of the people. The father, having finiilied the mafs, read 
the letter at the altar in the Portuguefe language ; and the 
fecretary interpreted it in that of the country. The queen, 
who had flood all the while it was reading, went towards 
the altar, and on her knees received it from the father: 
and having killed it, and (worn afrefli upon the gofpel to 
continue in obedience to the church of Rome, killed the 
letter again, put it into the purfe, and returned to the pa- 
