7*8 A N I M A 
often turns round for a long time in the fame place. 
7. The iranquilla , or egg-fhaped tranfparent monas .with 
a black margin? is found in urine which has been kept 
for fome time. Urine in this date acquires a fcum in 
which the animalcules refide; but, though kept for feve- 
ral months, no other fpecies was found in it. A drop of 
urine is ufually fatal to other animalcules, though this 
fpecies is to be met with in no other fubdance. 8. The 
lamdlula, or flat tranfparent monas, is mod ufually found 
in falt-water: is of a whitifli colour and tranfparent, more 
than twice as long as it is broad, with a dark margin, hav¬ 
ing a vacillatory motion, and frequently appearing as dou¬ 
ble. 9. The pulvifculus, or monas with a green margin : 
thefe are generally found in mardiy grounds, in the month 
of March. They appear like final 1 fpherical grains ot a 
green colour, fometimes in cinders, from three to feven 
or more in number, having a wavering kind of motion. 
10. The uva, or tranfparent gregarious niona, is found in 
a variety of infufions, and is of that kind which multiplies 
by dividing itfelf. They appear in cinders of four, five, 
or fometimes many more ; the corpufcles being of various 
lizes, according to the number collected into one group. 
The fmaller particles, when feparated from the larger, 
move about with incredible fwiftnefs. 
II. The Proteus: an invifible, very fimple, pellucid 
worm, of a variable form. 1. The diffuens, branching out 
in a variety of diredtions: it is very rare, and only met with 
in fens ; appearing like a grey mucous mats, filled with a 
number of black globules, and continually changing its 
figure, pufhing out branches of different lengths and 
breadths. The internal globules divide immediately, and 
pafs into the new-formed parts, always following the va¬ 
rious changes of the animalcule ; which changes feem to 
proceed entirely from the internal mechanifm of its body, 
without the aid of any external pow'er. 2. The Unax, 
running out into a point: this is a pellucid gelatinous bo¬ 
dy, ftored with black molecules, and likevvile changing 
its figure, but in a more regular order than the former. 
It fird extends itfelf in a draight line, the lower part ter¬ 
minating in a bright acute point. It appears to have no 
intedines ; and, when the globules are all collected in the 
upper part, it next draws the pointed end up towards the 
middle of the body, which affumes a round form. It is 
found in river-water, and goes through a vad number of 
different fhapes. When it is alarmed, it fuddenly draws 
iir its neck, reprefented in the plate, fig. 1. and 2. trahf- 
forming itfelf into the diape reprefented at fig. 3. when it 
becomes more opaque, and moves about very flowly, with 
the large end foremod. When it has continued fome time 
in this podure, it will often, indead of the head and neck 
it had formerly, put forth a new one, with a kind of wheel- 
machinery, reprefented at fig. 4. the motions of which 
draw a current of water to it from a confiderable didance. 
Having often pulled in and thrud out this diort head, 
fometimes with and fometimes without the wheel-work, 
the creature, as if weary, will remain motionlefs for a 
while ; then its head and long neck will be very flowly 
-protruded, as in dg. 5. and it loon refumes its former 
agility. Sometimes it difpofes of its neck and head, as 
reprefented in the plate at fig. 6. 
III. Volvox : an invifible, very fimple, pellucid, fphe¬ 
rical, worm. 1. The punEiim , of a black colour, with a 
lucid point : this is a fmall globule, with one hemifphere 
opaque and black, the other having a crydalline appear¬ 
ance, and a vehement motion is obferved in the black part. 
Many are often feen joined together in their paffage thro’ 
the water; fometimes moving.as in a little whirlpool, and 
then feparating. They are found in great numbers on the 
furface of fetid fea-water. 2. The grdnulum, is of a fphe¬ 
rical figure and green colour, the circumference being 
bright and tranfparent: it is found in mardiy places about 
tire month of June, and moves but dowly. It feems to 
have a green opaque nucleus. 3. The globulus, with the 
hinder part fomewhat obfcure, fometimes verges a little 
towards the oval in its fhape, having a flow fluttering kind 
L C U L E. 
of motion, but more quick when didurbed : the intedines, 
are but juft vifible ; is found in mod vegetable infufions,* 
and is ten times larger than the mona lens. 4. The pilula, 
fmall and round, with green intedines: this is found iu 
water where tire lenrna minor grows, in the month of De¬ 
cember, and has a kind of rotatory motion, fometimes 
flow and at others quick. There is a final! inciffon on one 
of the edges of the fphere, which may pofiibly be the 
mouth of the creature. 5. The grandintlla, with immove¬ 
able intedines, is much fmaller than the lad, and marked 
with feveral circular lines. Sometimes it moves about in 
draight line, at others irregularly, and fometimes keeps in 
the fame fpot, with a tremulous motion. 6. The facialis, 
with crydalline molecules placed at equal didances from 
one another: this is found in water where the chara vul¬ 
garis has been kept; and has its molecules difpofed in a 
fphere, filling up the whole body of the animalcule ; and 
its motion is fometimes rotatory and fometimes not. 7. 
1 be fpkericula, with round molecules, appears to confid of 
pellucid homogeneous points of different dzes. It moves 
flowly from right to left and back again, about a quarter 
of a circle each time. 8. The lunula, with lunular mole¬ 
cules, is a fmall roundifh tranfparent body, confiding of 
an innumerable multitude of homogeneous molecules of 
the fiiape of a crefcent, without any common margin : it 
moves continually in a twofold manner, viz. of the mole¬ 
cules among one another, and the whole mafs turning 
flowly round. It is found in marfhy places in the begin¬ 
ning of fpring. 9. The globator, or fpherical membrana¬ 
ceous volvox, is found in great numbers in the infufions 
of hemp and tremelia, and in dagnant waters in fpring 
and fummer ; it was fird obferved and depicted by Leu- 
w.enhoeck, but the defcriptions of it given by authors 
differ confiderably from each other. The following is that 
of Mr. Baker : “ There is no appearance of either head, 
tail, or fins: it moves in every direction, backwards, for¬ 
wards, up or down, rolling over and over like a bowl, 
fpinning horizontally like a top, or gliding along fmooth- 
ly without turning itfelf at all; fometimes its motions are 
very dow, at other times very fwift; and when it pleafes 
can turn round as upon an axis very nimbly, without mo¬ 
ving out of its place. The body is tranfparent, except 
where the circular fpots are placed, which are probably 
its young.” io. The morum, with fpherical green glo¬ 
bules in the centre : this is found amongft the lemna in 
the months of October and December, and has a dow ro¬ 
tatory motion. The globules feldom move, though a flow 
quivering motion may fometimes be perceived among 
them in the centre. 11. The alva, compofed of green 
globules not inclofed in any membrane, is found in the 
month of Auguft, in water where the lemma polyrrhiza 
grows. It confids of a congeries of greenifh-coloured glo¬ 
bules, apparently of an equal fize, with a bright fpot in 
the middle ; the whole mafs is fometimes of a fpherical 
form, fometimes oval, without any common membrane : 
a kind of halo may be perceived round it, and the mafs 
generally moves from right to left. 12. The vegetans, 
terminating in a little bunch of globules : this is found in 
river-water, in the month of November. It confids of a 
number of floccofe opaque brandies invifible to the naked 
eye; and at the apex of thefe is a fmall congeries of very 
minute oval pellucid corpufcles. 
IV. Enchelis: A fimple, invifible, cylindric, worm. 
1. The viridis, or green enchelis, has an obtufe tail, the 
fore-part terminating in an acute truncated angle; the in¬ 
tedines are more obfcure and indidindl; it continually va¬ 
ries its motion, turning from right to left. 2. The punc- 
tifera, having the fore part obtufe, the hinder part pointed. 
It is opaque, and of a green colour, with a fmall pellucid 
fpot on the fore part, in which two black points may be 
feen ; and a kind of double band erodes the middle of the 
body. The hinder part is pellucid and pointed, with an 
incilion, fuppofed to be the mouth, at the apex of the 
fore-part. It is found in mardies. 3. The defes, or gela¬ 
tinous enchelis, is found, though rarely, in an infufion of 
iemnte. 
