ANT 
ANTELU'C AN, adj. in eccleliaflical writers, is appli¬ 
ed to tilings done in the night or before day. We find fre¬ 
quent mention of the antelucan aifemblies of the ancient 
Chriftians, in times of perfecution for religious vvorfliip. 
ANTEMERl'DI AN, adj. [from ante, before, and me¬ 
ridian, Lat. noon.] Before noon. 
ANTEME'TIC, adj. [cirri, againfl, and Gr. to 
vomit.] That which lias the power of calming the flo- 
mach ; of preventing or ftopping vomit. 
ANTEMUNDA'NE, adj. [from ante, before, and mun- 
dus, Lat. tiie world.] That which was before the creation 
Of the world. 
ANTEMUR A'LE,y". in theancient military art, denotes 
much the fame with what the moderns call an out-work. 
ANTENA'TI,/! in Englifh hiftory, is chiefly under¬ 
flood of the fubje’ets of Scotland, born before king James 
the Firft’s acceflion to the Englifh crown, and alive after 
it. Thofe who were born after the acceflion were denomi¬ 
nated pojlnati. The antenati were confidered as aliens in 
England, whereas the poftnati claimed the privilege of na¬ 
tural fubjedts. 
ANTENCLE'MA, f. in oratory, is where the whole 
defence of the perfon accufed turns on criminating the ac- 
cufer. Such is the defence of Oreftes, or the oration of 
Milo : OcciJ'us eft, fed latro. Exfc&us,fed raptor. 
ANTENE AS'MUS, f. The fame with enthufiafmus. 
A particular kind of madnefs; in it the patient is furiouf- 
ly irritated, and endeavours to lay violent hands on liim- 
felf. Thefe people are apt to be feized with fudden con- 
vullive darlings of the hands and feet; and therefore is 
thought to coincide with the choreafanBi vitim fome degree. 
ANTENICE'NE, f. in ecclefiaflical writers, denotes a 
thing or perfon prior to the firft council of Nice. We 
fay, the Antenicene faith, Antenicene creeds, Antenicene 
fathers. 
ANTEN'NAi,y. in the hiftory of infedts, flender bodies 
with which nature has furniflied the heads of thefe crea- 
rures, being the fame with what in Englifh are called horns 
or feelers. See Entomology. 
ANTENUM'BER, f. [from ante, Lat. and number. ] 
The number that precedes another.—Whatfoever virtue 
there is in numbers, for conducing to content of notes, is 
rather to be aferibed to the antenumber, than to the entire 
number, as that tiie found returneth after fix, or after 
twelve ; fo that the feventh or thirteenth is not the matter, 
but the fixth or the twelfth. Bacon. 
ANTENNA'RIA, f. in botany. See Gnaphalium. 
ANTE'NOR,y a Trojan prince, who was faid to have 
betrayed his country, becaufe lie concealed UlyfTes in his 
houfe. He had three fons, all killed at the fiege of Troy ; 
and, after the deftruclion of his country, he migrated to Ita¬ 
ly, where he built a city, now called Padua. 
ANTEPAGMEN'TA, f. in the ancient architecture, 
the jambs of a door. They are alfo ornaments, or garnifh- 
ings, in carved work, of men, animals, &c. made either of 
wood or done, and fet on the architrave. 
AN'TEPAST,y [from ante, before, and pafum, Lat. 
to feed.] A foretafte ; fomething taken before the proper 
time.—Were we to expeft our blifs only in the latiating 
our appetites, it might be reafonable, by frequent antepafs, 
to excite our gufl; for that pfofufe perpetual meal. Dicay 
of Piety. 
ANTEPENU'LT, f. [ ' antepenultima, Lat.] The lad 
fyliable but two, as the fyllable tc in antepenult: a term of 
grammar. 
ANTEPILA'NI, f. in the Roman armies, a name gi¬ 
ven to the haftati and principes, becaufe they marched 
next before the triarii, who were called pilani. 
To AN'TEPONE, v. a. [antepono, Lat,] To. fet one 
thing before another, to prefer one thing to another. 
ANTEPOSI'TION, f. a grammatical figure, whereby 
a word, which by the ordinary rules of fyntax ought to fol¬ 
low another, comes before it. As when, in the Latin, the 
adjeftive is put before the fubftantive, the verb before the 
nominative cafe, See. 
•Vol. I. No. 48. 
ANT 753 
A NT E PR. E D I' C A MEN T,f [ anUpredicamenlem, Lat.] 
Something to be known in the ftudy of logic, previoufly 
to the doCtrine of the predicament. 
ANTEQUIE'RA, a handfome town of Spain, in the 
kingdom of Granada, divided into two parts, the upper 
and lower. The upper is feated on a hill, and has a caf- 
tle : the lower (lands in a fertile plain, and is watered with 
a great number of brooks. There is a large quantity of 
fait in the mountain; and five miles from the town, a fpring 
famous for the cure of the gravel. Lat. 36.51. N. long. 
4. 40. W. 
ANTE'RIOR, adj. [anterior , Lat.] Going before, ei¬ 
ther with regard to time or place.—If that be the anterior 
or tipper part wherein the fenfes are placed, and that the 
pofterior and lower part, which is oppofite thereunto, 
there is no inferior or former part in this animal ; for the 
fenfes being placed in both extremes, make both ends ante¬ 
rior, which is impofltble. Brown. 
ANTERIORITY, f. Priority; the flate of being be¬ 
fore, either in time or fituation. 
AN'TEROS, a fon of Mars and Venus, and a deity 
thatpunithed flighted love. Mars perceiving that Cupid 
did not grow', he demanded the reafon of Themis, who 
told him it was becaufe he had not a companion; upon 
which (lie gave him Anteros, with whom Cupid began to 
grow. They are often reprefented like two children, with 
wings on their (boulders, and driving for the branch of a 
palm-tree, to teach us that true love always endeavours to 
overcome by kindnefs and gratitude. 
AN'TES, f. [Lat.] Pillars of large dimenfions that 
fupport the front of a building. 
ANTESIGNA'Nl, f. in the Roman armies, foldiers 
placed before the dandards to defend them, according to 
Limpfius; but C re far and Livy mention the antefignani as 
the fird line, or fil'd body, of heavy armed troops. The 
velites, who ufed to Ikirmifli before the army, were like- 
wife called antefgnani. 
ANTESTA'RI,yi in Roman antiquity, (ignifies to bear 
witnefs againfl any one who refufed to make his appear¬ 
ance in the Roman courts of judicature, on the day appoint¬ 
ed, and according to the tenor of his bail. The plaintiff', 
finding the defendant after fuch a breach of his engage¬ 
ment, w'as allowed to carry him into court by force, having 
firff afked any of the perfons prefent to bear witnefs. The 
perfon afked to bear witnefs in this cafe, exprefled his con- 
fent by turning his right ear, which was indantly taken 
hold of by the plaintiff", and this was to anfwer the end of 
a fubpoena. 
ANTES'TATURE, f. in fortification, a fmall re¬ 
trenchment made, of palifadoes, of facks of earth, with a- 
view to difpute with an enemy the remainder of iece 
of ground. 
ANTESTO'MACH, f. [from ante, Lat. before, and 
ftomach. ] A cavity which leads into the domach.—In 
birds there is no madication or comminution of the meat 
in the mouth; but it is immediately fwallovved intoakind of 
antefomach, which Ihaveobfervedinpifcivorousbirds. Ray. 
ANTEUPHOR'BIUM, f. in botany. See Cacalia. 
ANTHE'LION. See Corona and Parhelion. 
ANTHE'LIX, in anatomy, the inward protuberance of 
the external ear, mod parallel to the helix. 
ANTHELMIN'THIC,yi [am, againfl, and 
Gr. a worm.] That which kills worms.— Anthelminthics, 
or contrary to worms, are things which are known by ex¬ 
perience to kill them, as oils, or honey taken upon an 
empty domach. Arbuthnot. 
AN'THEM, /. [aiSv/rv^, Gr. a hymn,fung in alter¬ 
nate parts, and ihould therefore be written anthymn.~\ A 
holy fong; a fong performed as part of divine fervice.— 
There is no paflion that is not finely exp elled in thofe parts 
of the infpired writings, which are proper for divine fonms 
■and anthems. Addifon. Anthems were firff introduced into 
the reformed fervice of the Englifh church, in the begin¬ 
ning of the reign of queen Elizabeth. 
ANTHE'AHS ; yi [civSscj, Gr .force, from its abundance 
.9 F o f 
