A. N T . 
large difb of fait and lemons. The unhappy objeft is then 
tied to a (lake: the people affembied throw their lances at 
him from a certain didance; and, when mortally wound¬ 
ed, they run up to him, as it in a tranfport ot pafiion; 
out pieces from the body with their knives; dip them in 
the di(h of (alt and lemon-juice; (lightly broil them over 
a fire prepared for the purpofe; and (wallow the morfels 
with a degree of enthuiiafm. Sometimes, (perhaps ac¬ 
cording to the degree of their animofity and refeutment,) 
the whole is devoured; and indances have been known, 
where, with barbarity (1:11 aggravated, they tear the flefh 
from the carca!e with their mouths. 1 o Inch a depth ot 
depravity may man be plunged, when neither religion nor 
philofophy enlighten his Heps! All that can be faid in ex¬ 
tenuation of the horror of this diabolical ceremony is, that 
no view appears to be entertained of torturing the lutler- 
ers; of increafing or lengthening out the pangs ot death; 
the whole fury is directed againft the corfe ; warm indeed 
with the remains ot life, but pad the fenlation of pain. 
A difference of opinion however prevails, in regard to their 
eating the bodies of their enemies flain in battle. Some 
perfons long refident there, and acquainted with their pro¬ 
ceedings, affert that it is not cudomary; but, as one or two 
particular indances have bean given by other people, it is 
juft to conclude, that it is a ceremony that fometitnes takes 
place, though not generally. It was (uppofed to be with 
this intent that raja Neabin maintained a long conflict for 
the body of Mr. Nairne, a mod refpeftable gentleman and 
valuable (ervant of the India company, who fell in an at¬ 
tack upon the campong of that chief in the year 1775.” 
It was faid by the conquerors ot Mexico, that Monte¬ 
zuma facriticed every year 20,000 infants; that human 
vldtims were offered in all the temples ot the city, ot 
which there were, according to Antonio Solis, 2000 in that 
capital. The truth is, that there was but one chapel, 
built in the form of an amphitheatre, in the whole place. 
It is evident, that Solis meant not fo much to inform pof- 
terity, as to palliate the atrocious cruelty of the Spanifli 
conquerors. It was on the fame principle, that Livy, with 
a view to prejudice his readers againd the enemies of Rome, 
aflerts ferioully, that Hannibal diftributed human flefh for 
food to his foldiers, in order to render them more fierce 
in battle. Much of mifreprefentation, and much of the 
marvellous, has indeed been and faid written on this (ob¬ 
ject ; and yet it appears, that the Scythians, Egyptians, 
Chinefe, Indians, Phoenicians, Perfians, Greeks, Romans, 
Arabians, Gauls, Germans, Britons, Spaniards, Negroes, 
and Jews, were in early times in the habit of facrificing 
enemies. If it is not poffible to prove that they were all 
anthropophagi in this date of barbarifm, it is probably 
bee a life that date hath preceded the records of liidory. 
In the account of China, publifhed by the abbe Re- 
naudot, it is faid, that there were anthropophagi in this 
empire fo late as the ninth century, which is hardly to be 
believed ; yet Marc Paolo, who had never read this ac¬ 
count written by the Arabians, relates, that the inhabi¬ 
tants of the provinces of Xandn and Concha cat their pri- 
ibners. The barbarity of the Chinefe (fays M. Pauw) 
with refpeft to the infants whom they will not rear, and 
of whom they deflroy every year throughout the empire 
not fewer than 30,000, by {'mothering them in tubs of hot 
water, or expofing them in the dreets and highways, is 
likewife hardly to be believed, and yet it is true.” The 
Peruvians, who had gone before the other nations of 
America in civilization, did not, when firft difeovered, 
facrifice human victims; they were content to draw from 
11 re frontal vein or from the nofe of a child a certain 
portion of blood, which, being mixed with flour, was 
made into cakes, and didributed to all the fubjefts of the 
empire on a certain annual folemnity. This clearly proves 
that the Peruvians had been originally eaters of human 
flefli; it is, at tire fame time, a manifed mitigation of a 
barbarous fpecies of w or (hip; their manners and habits 
had been in Come degree foftened, and religion followed 
tire revolution in their moral character. Happy had it 
Vol. I. No. 48. 
ANT 761 
been for more civilized nations, that this correfpondence 
had been carefully preferved; and that good lenfe in re¬ 
ligious matters had kept pace with their advances in Sci¬ 
ence, and a poliih in their manners! 
ANTHROPO'PH AGY,y. a man, andi 
Gr. to eat.] The quality of eating human fle(h, or man- 
eating.—Upon (lender foundations was railed the anl'iropo- 
p/urgy of Diomedes his horfes. Brown. 
The annals ot Milan furnidr an extraordinary indance 
of anthropophagy. A Milanefe woman, named Eliza¬ 
beth, from a depraved appetite, like that which Come wo- 
nten with child, and thole whole tiienfes are obdruCted, 
frequently experience, had an invincible inclination to hu¬ 
man flelh, of which (he made provifion by enticing chil¬ 
dren into her houfe, where (he killed and faked them; a 
difeovery of which having been made, (lie was broken on 
the wheel and burnt in 1519. 
ANTHROPOSCO'Pl A,yl [fromand try.o 7 reu y 
Gr. I confider. ] The art of judging or difeovering a man’s 
character, dilpolition, pallions, and inclinations, from the 
lineaments of his body. In which fenfe, anthropofeopia 
feems of fomevvhat greater extent than phyliognomy or 
metopofeopy. Otto lias publilhedan Anthropo(copia,_/ 7 ce 
judicium kominis de homine ex line am-'nils externis. 
ANTROPO'SOPHY, /. 0%;^, man, and coiptx., 
Gr. wifdom.] The knowledge of the nature of man. 
ANTHROPOTHY'SIA,y’. the inhuman practice of 
offering human facrifices. See Sacrifice. 
AN'THUS,/! in ornithology, a fynonyme of a fpecies of 
loxia. See I.oxia. 
ANTHYL'LIS,yi [amSiAMc, Gr. a downy flower.] In 
botany, a genus of the diadelphia decandria clafs, ranking 
in the natural order of papilionaceie or leguminofae. The 
generic characters are—Calyx : perianthium one-leaved, 
ovate-oblong, fwelling, villofe; the mouth five-toothed, 
unequal, permanent. Corolla: papilionaceous; banner 
longer, the Tides reflex, claw the length of the calyx; 
wings oblong, (liorter than the banner ; keel comprefled, 
the length of the wings, and (imilar to them. Stamina: 
filaments connate, riling; anthene fimple. Piftillum: 
germ oblong; ftyle fimple, afeending; (tigmaobtufe. Pe- 
ricarpium: legume roundilh, concealed within the calyx, 
very fmall, bivalve. Seeds : one or two .—EJJeniial C/ia- 
raEler. Calyx (welling; leguuic roundilh, concealed. 
Species. 1 . Herbaceous. 1. Anthyllis tetraphylla, or 
four-leaved anthyllis or kidney-vetch : leaves pinnate with 
four lobes, flowers lateral. This is an annual plant with 
trailing branches, which fpread flat on the ground. The 
leaves grow by fours at each joint; or rather, as Linnteus 
expreffes it, they are pinnate: with four leaflets inftead of 
five, the lowed leaflet wanting itsoppofite. The flowers 
come out in cinders on the (ides of the dalks, having large 
fwelling calyxes, out of which the extreme parts of the 
petals do but juft appear; thefe are of a yellow colour, 
and are fucceeded by Ihort pods inclofed within the calyx. 
This fpecies has the (lamens really diadelphous, and not 
all connate, as in mod of the others. It is a native of the 
fouth of France, Spain, Portugal, Italy, and Sicily, where 
it is a weed in their arable land. It flowers with us in Ju¬ 
ly, and ripens its feeds in September. It was cultivated 
in 1640, by Parkinfon; but, the flowers having little beau¬ 
ty, this plant is feldom permitted to have a place, except 
in botanic gardens. 
2. Anthyllis vulneraria, or common ladies’ finger or 
kidney-vetch: leaves pinnate, unequal; head double. 
Linnaeus obferves, that in Oeland, where the foil is a red 
calcareous clay, the flowers of anthyllis vulneraria are red} 
but that, in Gothland, where the foil is white, the flow¬ 
ers alfo are white : ours are yellow. Mr. Miller affirms, 
that, having cultivated them many years, he found that 
they never altered from feeds: that the leaves of the yel¬ 
low-flowering kidney-vetch are much narrower than thofe 
of the red, and have generally, one or two pairs of leaf¬ 
lets more in each; that the heads of flowers are (ingle in 
this, whereas the red has double heads; and that the root 
9 H is 
