782 ANT 
fide, it has a good road for fliipping, with a colle&ion of 
irelh water riling from fprings. The ifland ftretches from 
north-cad: to fouth-weft, and is filled with mountains; 
one of'which is of fo extraordinary a height, as to be com¬ 
pared with the Peak of Teneriffe : its top is conftantly co¬ 
vered with fnow, and, notwithftanding the clearnefs of the 
fky, is generally hid in clouds. Here are produced a va¬ 
riety of fruits; oranges, lemons, palms, melons, &c. and 
fugar-canes: but, notwithflanding all this plenty, the in¬ 
habitants live in the mod wretched poverty. They are 
chiefly negroes, under the protection of the Portuguefe, 
whole language they fpeak, and imitate their manners. 
Lat. j8. io. N. Ion. o. 26. E. 
Antonio (St.), a Dutch fort in Axim, on the gold 
coaft of Africa. It Hands on a high rock, which projects 
into the fea in form of a peninfula; and is lo environed 
bv rocks and dangerous liioals, as to be inacceflible to an 
enemy but by land, where it is fortified by a parapet, draw¬ 
bridge, and two batteries of heavy cannon. 1 his fettle- 
men t was firfl founded by the Portuguefe, during the reign 
■of Emanuel. They fixed it fit ft upon a l'niall point; where, 
finding themfelves infecure, they built the fort where it 
now Hands. They were driven out by the Dutch in 1642 ; 
and, upon the conclufion of a peace with the States Gene¬ 
ral, the fort remained by treaty in the hands of the Dutch 
Welt-India Company. This place lies in lat. 17.0, N. 
Ion. 25. o. W. 
ANTO'NIUS (Marcus), a celebrated Roman orator. 
He was made conful with A. Pofthumius Albinus, in the 
year of Rome 653 ; when lie oppofed the turbulent defigns 
of Sextus Titus, tribune of the people, with great refolu- 
tion and fuccefs. Some time after, he was made gover¬ 
nor of Cilicia, in quality of proconful; where lie perform¬ 
ed fo many great exploits, that he obtained the honour of 
a triumph. He was one of the moft able orators of the 
forum; and it was owing to him, according to the tefti- 
mony of Cicero, that Rome might boafl herfelf a rival to 
Greece in the art of eloquence. He defended Marcus 
Aquilius ; and moved the judges in fo fenfible a manner, 
by the tears he llied, and the fears lie fliewed upon the 
bread of his client, that he carried his caufe. He never 
would publifli any of his pleadings, that he might not be 
proved to fay in one caufe what might be contrary to his 
argument in another. He was unfortunately killed during 
thofe bloody contentions ^aifed at Rome by Marius and 
China. He was difeovered in the place where lie hid him¬ 
felf, and foldiers were fent to difpatch him ; but his man¬ 
ner of addreiTing them had fuch an effect, that none but 
he who commanded them, and had not heard his difeourfe, 
had the cruelty to kill him. His head was expofed before 
the roftra, a place which he had adorned with his tri¬ 
umphal fpoils. This happened ninety years before the 
Chriftian ;era. 
Antonius (Marcus), Marc Antony, the triumvir, 
grandfon to the above, was very handfome in his youth; 
for which reafon he was greatly beloved by Curio, a le- 
nator, who carried him about in all his debaucheries, in- 
fqmucli that his own father forbade him his houfe. When 
the civil war broke out, Curio took Ctefar’s party, and 
prevailed with Marc Antony to do the fame ; for which 
lie was made a tribune of the people, and in that office did 
Csefar great fervice. At the battle of Pharfalia, Csefar 
gave him the command of the left wing of his army, whillt 
he himfelf kd the right. After Ctefar was defied dicta¬ 
tor, he made Marc Antony general of thehorfe; and he 
was alfo made conful in the laft year of that ufurper’s life. 
On Cselars death, he harangued the people with great art, 
and railed their fury againft his murderers ; flattering him¬ 
felf that he fhould ealily get into the place which Caef^tr 
had filled; but his haughty behaviour occafioned him to 
lofe all the advantages" his affected concern had gained 
him. His ill treatment of Ottavius produced another ci¬ 
vil war; which ended in an accommodation between him, 
Octavius, and I.epidus, fatal to the j eace of Rome. They 
agreed to liiare the fupieme power among them; and many 
ANT 
of the mod illuftrious Romans were facrificed by proferip- 
tion to cement this bloody league, which is known by the 
name of the Second Triumvirate. But the triumvirs were 
too ambitious, and hated one another too much, to be Ions'- 
United. Marc Antony went into Afia, to raife money for 
his foldiers; and during his abfence Fulvia his wife quar¬ 
relled with Oftavius. While he was in Afia, indulging 
in all manner of luxury, the famous Cleopatra infpired 
him with the moft violent paflion. Finding Octavius was 
become publicly his enemy, he entered into a confederacy 
with Sextus Pompeius, who was ftill mailer of Sicily. He 
then went into Italy to fight Oftavius ; but Fulvia, who 
had been the author of this war, dying, Oflavius and 
Marc Antony came to a compromife. One of the condi¬ 
tions of this new peace was, that they thould together 
attack Pompey, though the latter had lately made"an al¬ 
liance with him. Marc Antony then married Oclavia, 
fifter to Odavius, as a pledge of their renewed friendlhip; 
but returned foon after to his beloved Cleopatra, and again 
lived with her in Alexandria. Octavius made this a pre¬ 
tence to begin the war again. At laft they engaged in a. 
fea-fight at Aftiuin, and Odavius gained a complete vic¬ 
tory: upon which Marc Antony fell upon his own fvvord ; 
and Cleopatra flung herfelf to death with an afp, to avoid 
gracing the victor’s triumph at Rome. 
ANTONOMA'SIA,yi [from am, and ov072a, a name.] 
A form of fpeech, in which, for a proper name, is put the 
name of fome dignity, office, profeflion, fcience, or trade ; 
or when a proper name is put in the room of an appella¬ 
tive. Thus a king is called his majefty ; a nobleman, his 
lordftiip. We fay the philofopher inftead of Ariftotle, and 
the orator for Cicero : thus a man is called by the name 
ot his country, a German, an Italian; and a grave man is 
called a Cato, and a wife man a Solomon. 
ANTOSIAN'DRIANS, /. a fed of rigid Lutherans,, 
who oppofe the dodrine of Ofiander relating to jollifica¬ 
tion. They are otherwife denominated Ofiandromajliages. 
The Antofiandrians deny that man is made juft, with that 
juftice wherewith God himfelf is juft ; that is, they alferf, 
that he is not made eftentially, but only imputatively, juft; 
or, that he is not really made juft, but only pronounced fo. 
AN'TRE,yi [ antre , Fr. antrum, Lat.] A cavern; a 
cave ; a den : not now in ufe. 
With all my travels hiftory : 
Wherein o i antres vaft, and deferts wild, 
It was my bent to fpeak. Shakcfpcare. 
AN'TRIM, the mod northerly county in Ireland, is 
bounded by that of Down on the fouth-eaft, that of Lo'n- 
donderry on the weft, from which it is feparated by the 
river Bann, part of Armagh on the fouth, St. George’s 
channel on the eaft, and the Dcucaledonian ocean on the 
north. It greateft length is about forty-fix miles, its great- 
eft breadth about twer.ty-feven ; and the number of acres 
it contains, plantation-meafure, are computed at 383,000. 
Though the country is much incumbered with bogs and 
marfhes, yet it enjoys a pretty good air, and is well peopled, 
chiefly with proteftants. Where it is free from bogs, the 
foil is fruitful. It fends two members for the Ihire, and 
two for each of the following towns, viz. Lifburn, Belfaft, 
Antrim, and Randalftown. Antrim contains two great 
natural curiofities : Lough Neagh, a large lake, the waters 
of which are of a petrifying quality; and the Giant’s Caule- 
way, a very large and curious bafaltes. 
Antrim, the capital of the above county, fituated at 
the north end of Lough Neagh, about fix miles from the 
mouth of the bay, having a good road, within which vef- 
fels lie dry at low water. It is thirteen miles weft of Car- 
rickfergus, and about eighty-four miles north of Dublin; 
and gives title of earl to the noble family of M'Donnell. 
At Antrim is a feat, with noble demefnes, and beautiful 
and highly-cultivated lands, of the earl of Maft'areene. 
Lat. 54. 45. N. Ion. 6. 26. W. 
AN'TRUM,yi among anatomifts, a term ufed to denote 
feveral cavities of the body : as the antrum higkmoriamm , 
or 
