&J 4 A Q_ U 
AQUI'LIFER, f. A ftandard-bearer of the Roman ar¬ 
my, the picture of an eagle being in his colours ; a cornet 
or enfign. 
A'QJLJ I T INE, cirlj. [aquilinus, I.at. from aquila, an eagle.] 
Reiembling an eagle; when applied to the nofe, hooked: 
His nofe was aquiline, his eyes were blue. 
Ruddy his lips, and frefii and fair his hue. Drydcn. 
Gryps fignifies fome kind of eagle or vulture; from whence 
the epithet grypus for an hooked or aquiline nofe. 
A'QLILO, f. is ufed by Vitruvius for the north-calf 
wind ; or that which blows at 45 0 from the north towards 
the call point of the horizon. The poets gave the name 
aquilo to all ftormy w inds dreaded by the mariner. 
A'QUILUS, /. among the ancients, a dark or dufky 
colour approaching to black. Hence fome of the heathen 
gods were called dii aquili , q. d. nigri. 
AQUIMIN A'RIUM, J. in antiquity, a kind of luftral 
velTel, wherein the Romans carried their holy water for 
expiation and other religious offices. 
AQUI'NAS (St. Thomas), (filed the Angelical DoElor, 
was of the ‘ancient and noble family of the counts of 
Aquino, defeended from the kings of Sicily and Arragon, 
and w as born in the caftle of Aquino, in the Terra di La- 
vorna, in Italy, in the year 1224 or 1225. He entered into 
the order of Dominicans ; and, after having taught fchool- 
divinity in mod of the univerlities of Italy, at laft fettled 
at Naples, where he (pent the reft of his life in ftudy and 
a£fs of piety; and was fo averfe to ambition or profit, that 
he refilled the archbifhopric of that city, offered him by 
pope Clement IV. He died in 1274, leaving an amazing 
number of manuferipts, w hich were printed at Venice, in 
feventeen volumes folio, in the year 1490. He was canoni¬ 
zed by pope John XXII. in the year 1323 ; and Pius V. 
who was of the fame order with him, gave him, in 1567, 
the title of the fifth doElor of the church , and appointed his 
feftival to be kept with the lame folemnity as thole of the 
other four doctors. His authority has always been of great 
importance in the fchools of the Roman catholics. Lord 
Herbert, in his Life of Henry VIII. tells us, that one of 
the principal reafons which induced that king to write 
a<rainft Luther was, that the latter had fpoken contemptu- 
oully of Aquinas. This extraordinary perfon, like many 
men of great talents, (hewed in his early youth none of 
that livelinefs and vivacity of difpolition which, is but too 
often miftaken for quick parts, fie was called by his com¬ 
panions le ba’.uf muet, “ the Client ox ;” but his mafter, 
Albert the Great, more capable of diftinguifliing, ufed to 
fay of him to thofe w ho gave him that appellation : I.es 
gobies mugijfcmens de ce bcevf rctentiroicnt un jour dans I’univers ; 
<< nphe learned bellow ings of this ox will one day be heard 
through the world.” St. Thomas, poffeifing an ardent 
mind, devoted it to the (Indies then in vogue, fcholaftic 
philofophy and theology : in the latter, indeed, he w'as fo 
eminently fuccefsful, that Bucer faid of him : TolleThomam, 
ecclcfiam Romamfubverlcrem; “ Take away Thomas, and I 
w iH efteft the downfall of the Romi(h church.” It is to 
obferved that this fpeecli has a double meaning, as the 
word Thomam may be taken to mean the holy volume, or 
the Bible, as well as Thomas. 
St. Thomas was one day with pope Innocent IV. in his 
A R A 
clofet, when an officer of his chancery came in with a bag 
of gold, procured by abfolutions and indulgences. The 
pope profanely faid, “ See, young man, the church is not 
what it was in the times w hen it ufed to fay, Silver ai^d 
gold have I none.”—“ Holy father, that is very true, in¬ 
deed,” replied St. Thomas, “ but then it cannot fay to 
the poor afflicted with the pally, Rile, take up thy bed 
and walk.” 
A'QJJINO (Philip d ! ), in Latin Aquinas, or Aquinius, 
having turned from judaifm, had a penfion from the cler¬ 
gy of France, and acquired much reputation by his know¬ 
ledge of the Hebrew language, which lie taught at Paris, 
in the reign of Louis XIII. and by the books lie publilh- 
ed, among w hich is his Diclionarium Hehrao-Ghaldceo-Thal- 
mudico-Rabbinicum. His grandlon, Anthony d’Anquin, was 
firft phyfician to Louis XIV. 
Aquino, a town in Italy, in the kingdom of Naples, 
and Terra di Lavorna; a bilhop’s fee, but ruined by the 
emperor Conrade. It was the birth-place of the poet Ju¬ 
venal, and of Thomas Aquinas. It was anciently called 
Aquinum, and was a Roman colony. I.at. 41. 32. N. 
Ion. 14. 30. E. 
AQUITA'NIA, was anciently one of the three princi¬ 
pal divilions of Gallia Comata, hounded by the Garonne, 
the Pyrenees, and the Ocean ; this is the Aquitania Ca/'a- 
riana, or Fetus. Auguftus fet the different boundaries, 
viz. the Loire, the Cevennes, the Pyrenees, and the 
Ocean. It was called Gallia Aquitanica-, and in the old 
Notitias, Provincia Aquitanica. Now comprifing Guienne 
(which feerns to be a corruption of Aquitania) and 
Gafcony. 
AQIJO'SE, adj. [from aqua, I-at.] Watery; having - 
the quality of water. 
AO-JJO'SITY, f. [from aquofef Waterinefs. 
A. R. anno regni ; that is, the year of the reign; a-s, 
A. R. G. R. 20. Anno regni Georgii regis vigefimo, in the 
twentieth year of the reign of king George. 
AR, the metropolis of Moab, in Arabia Petnea ; and 
the royal refidence fituate on the eaft tide of the river Ar- 
non. It was called alfo Rabba ; and, to diftinguilh it from 
Rabba of the Ammonites, Rabbat Moab, and on coins 
Rabbat/i Moma. Eufebius fays it was called Arcopolis in his 
time, from Ar and Polis. The inhabitants are called Areo- 
po/itee. St. Jerome fays, that this city was entirely deftroy- 
ed by an earthquake when he was a young man.. 
A'R A, f. in aftronomy, the Altar, one of the forty-eight 
old conftellations, mentioned by the ancient aftronomers, 
and is fituated in the fouthern hemifphere; containing only 
feven ftars in Ptolemy’s Catalogue, and nine in that of 
Flamftead ; none ofwdiich exceed the fourth magnitude. 
ARABEL'LA, [of ara and lella, Lat. i. c. a fair altar.] 
A proper name of women. 
ARABES'QUE, or Arabe'sk, J. fomething done after 
the manner of the Arabians. ArabeJ'que, Grolefque, and 
Morcfque, are terms applied to fuch paintings, ornaments 
of friezes, 8 c c. wherein there are no human or animal 
figures, but which confift wholly of imaginary foliages, 
plants, ftalks, &c. The words take their rife from hence, 
that the Moors, Arabs, and other Mahometans, life thefe 
kinds of ornaments ; their religion forbidding them to 
make any images or figures of men or other animals.. 
GENERAL 
