240 COR 
nine inches: bill blackifh ; irides black; forehead and 
throat dirty yellowifh white ; hind head and (ides black- 
ifli brown ; neck whitifh ; upper parts of the body 
brown, beneath pale afh ; quills and tail brown, tipped 
with white ; legs blackifh. Thefe inhabit Canada, and 
are frequent near Hudfon’s-bay, where they are called 
whifkijokn and whijkijack ; they breed early in the fpring, 
build in pine trees, and have two, rarely three, young at 
a time; the eggs are blue ; their food is black mofs, 
worms, and flefh ; they are bold pilfering birds, dealing 
from the traveller even fait meat, and devour often the 
bait from the traps fet for weafels and martins, as foon as 
the perfons who fet them turn their backs ; they lay up 
flores for winter, at which time they are fcldom feen, 
unlefs near habitations ; they will not bear confinement, 
yet are imitative, and faid to aft the mocking bird. 
22. Corvus cyaneus, the blue crow : about nine inches 
long; top of the head finning gloffy black ; body a(h- 
colour, paled beneath ; wings and tail of a mod beauti¬ 
ful blue; the lad very long, the feathers fhortening by 
degrees, and white at the tips. Inhabits Dauria, where 
it arrives in April. Dr. Pallas fays it is a very timorous 
bird, though crafty, noify, and clamorous. 
23. Corvus Senegalenfis, the Senegal crow : length 
fourteen inchesy bill black ; general colour of the plum¬ 
age fine'violet black above, and dufky black beneath ; 
the quill and tail feathers brown, with fhining violet 
black edges; legs black. Found in the countries bor¬ 
dering on the river Senegal. 
24. Corvus Caribaetis, the Caribbean crow: fize of 
tl;e preceding; bill red; the head and neck blue, with a 
white collar; from the top of the head, and palling be¬ 
hind the neck, is a white patch, one inch in breadth, and 
three in length, tranfverfely barred with black; the 
back and fCapulars are ferruginous; rump and upper 
tail coverts yellow ; under parts of the body white ; the 
Idler coverts of the wings chefnut; the middle ones 
green; the greater coverts blue, with whitifh edges and 
fhafts; quills blue green ; the tail is long, and the two 
middle feathers longer than thofe of the outfide by eight 
or ten inches ; the colour blue, ftriated with white ; legs 
red. This inhabits the Antilles, and is common about 
the rivers of Guadaloupe. 
25. Corvus Africanus, the African crow : the length 
one foot ten inches; bill red; head and neck dark pur¬ 
ple, fomewhat crefted, each feather tipped with grey as 
far as the hind head ; back b*own ; belly pale afh-colour ; 
quills bluifh on the outer edges; two middle tail fea¬ 
thers twelve inches long, the outer ones fliort; all of 
them tipped with white ; legs red. Native of Africa. 
26. Corvus Mexicanus, the Mexican crow : fize of 
the jackdaw; bill black; the plujnage wholly blue 
black; legs and claws black. Inhabits Mexico; per¬ 
petually chattering, with a flrong and raucous voice, and 
frequents the neighbourhood of towns. Thefe are the 
criards which Pernetty defcribes at the ifle of St. Ca¬ 
tharine, on the coafi: of Brafil, whole plumage was of a 
fine light Ijlue. They were, fays he, the common crow 
of the country, and are like ours in lliupe ; but are not a 
bit better to eat. 
27. Corvus Surinamenfis, the Surinam crow: fize of 
the common crow; bill dulky; head deep green; hind 
part rich blue; beneath that pale green; under each 
ear, and on the hind part of the neck, a fpot of the 
fame ; neck, brea.fi, belly, back, and wing coverts, beau¬ 
tiful changeable green; prime quills dufky; ends rich 
blue; tail dulky ; legs fielh colour. Native of Surinam. 
28. Corvus Zanoe, the Zanoe crow : fize of the mag¬ 
pie; bill black; body covered with blackilh feathers; 
head and neck fulvous; tail very long; legs and claws 
black. Inhabits Mexico; and difplays lingular cun¬ 
ning; learns readily to talk, and has a cry not unlike 
that of a fiarling. 
29. Corvus brachyurus, the fhort-tailed crow ; fize of 
a blackbird; bill grey brown; corners of the mouth 
V u s. 
orange; irides whitifh ; head and throat black; over the 
eye a fulvous firipe, from the noftrils to the hind head; 
hind part of the neck, the back, and feapulars, beauti¬ 
ful green; throat, neck, bread, belly, (ides, and thighs, 
fulvous; under the wings, black; lefier wing coverts 
(hilling blue green; greater ones the fame as the back ; 
quills black; on the lix firft a white fpot about the mid¬ 
dle; tail fcarcely an inch in length, black, tipped with 
green; legs orange. Native of the Molucca ides. There 
are three other varieties of this bird, fomewhat fmaller, 
and varying a little in the plumage. 
30. Corvus graculus, the red-legged crow: length 
nearly fixteen inches; bill curved, (harp at the tip, and 
of the colour of red fealing-wax; the irides have two 
circles, the outer reddiih, the inner grey; eye-lids red , 
the plumage wholly of a purplifh black; legs very red, 
like the bill ; claws large, hooked, and black. This 
bird is common in many parts of the Englifh coafts, 
particularly the weftern, in Devonfiiire and Cornwall , 
and on many parts of the coafis of Wales and Scotland; 
in Kent likewife, among the cliffs of Dover. It abounds 
in the Alps, and in Carinthia. Haffelquift mentions its 
coming into Egypt towards the end of the inundations 
of the Nile, in the months of September and October. 
It is found alfo in Perfia, and the illand of Candia. It 
builds in rocky places, laying four or five white eggs 
fpotted with yellow. Scopol: fays they are reftlefs cla¬ 
morous birds, greedy, fnatching food one from another, 
and fear neitherdog norwolf. With us it imitates the daw 
in manners ; being thievilh, and dangerous to keep tame. 
31. Corvus Cayennenfis, the Cayenne crow: fize of a 
milfel-thrufii ; bill curved the whole length, red like 
fine fealing-wax; noftrils covered with black bridles; 
head, upper parts of the body, wings, and tail, black; 
wing coverts mottled with white; under parts of the 
body afii-colour; legs dulky. Native of Cayenne. 
32. Corvus porphyrocephalus, the purple-headed 
crow: bill lead-colour; noftrils covered with reflefted 
feathers; upper parts of the body pale rufous, beneath 
yellow, the head inclining to purple; quills and tail 
black; legs flefli-colour. Native of China. 
33. Corvus Macenfis, the Macao crow : fize of a jay; 
bill and forehead black; irides yellowifh; top of the 
head cinereous grey ; neck and bread dirty grey ; belly 
and thighs paler ; back, and wing coverts, rufous'; rump 
cinereous grey; vent rufous; quills greenifti blZck; on 
them are two white fpots; tail and legs black. Inha¬ 
bits the illand of Macao, in China. 
34. Corvus ferrugineus, the rufous crow: fize of a 
blackbird; bill black; irides rufous yellow ; head and 
neck brown; bread and belly rufous white; back and 
rump yellowifh, inclining to rufous; lelfer wing coverts 
dirty rufous; the others pale grey; fecond quills grey 
without and brown within; the prime ones browniftt 
black; tail grey; the two middle feathers brown at the 
ends; the others grey as far as the middle; the reft of 
the length brown, with white tips; legs black. This 
alfo inhabits China. 
33. Corvus auritus, the white-eared crow: length 
eleven inches; bill black; irides rufous yellow; the 
feathers round the bafe of the bill, the throat, and fore 
part of the neck, are black; top of the head bluifh afh- 
colour, and a little crefted; between the black and afh- 
colour on the forehead are a few white feathers; on the 
ears a large patch of white; the colour of the body, 
wing coverts, and tail, brownifh afti-colour; quills black- 
ifli, edged with grey; tail four inches long; legs pale 
brown. Inhabits China, and is common at Canton. 
They are feen in flocks in Dean’s Illand,Wampoo River, 
picking up food on the mud of the lhore. 
36. Corvus clericus, the white-chinned crow : general 
plumage footy black, except the chin, which is white; 
bafe of the bill cinereous; wings and tail dark olive. 
Native of Sweden. 
37. Corvus argyrophthalmus, the Carthaginian crow : 
thirteen 
