25 2 
C O R 
rinated underneath. The dorfal fin reaches from the 
hind-head to the tip of the tail; it is tufted in its hinder 
part, like the (purious fins on the tail of forne of the 
{combers, and hence the name. Thefe fifit followed the 
French (hips, fays Commerfon, by thoufands for feveral 
days, feeding on the flying fifh which were like a cloud 
of butterflies about the fltips, and not much bigger, or 
they could not have been {wallowed by the fpotlels co- 
ryphena, whofe mouth is very narrow, and the full- 
grown fifli not a foot long. The ova of the female oc¬ 
cupied almoft the -whole length of the abdomen, and 
contained eggs innumerable ; fo that the genus is very 
prolific. 
12. Coryphaena fafciolata, the undulated coryphena : 
fpecific charafter, the lateral line ft might; tranfverfe 
ftripes on the dorfal fin reaching down the back and Tides, 
where they undulate and run one into the other: there 
are fix rays in the membrane of the gills, fifty-four in 
the dorfal, nineteen in the peftoral, five in the ventral, 
twenty-feven in the anal, and feventeen in the tail. For 
this fpecies w'e are indebted to profeffor Pallas, who dif- 
covered and caught it at Amboyna. It is not above two 
inches long, but its form and colours are beautiful : of 
a long and fomewhat-comprefled lhape, it unites the 
whitenefs of milk with the brightnefs of (ilver ; the back 
varies with a grey tint; the dorfal and anal fins are marked 
with brown bars ; from the dorfal fin they fpread over 
the upper furface, unite, and are loft at the under part. 
'1 he tail is much forked, and marked with a dark brown 
femilunar fpot : the eyes are large, with a golden iris ; 
the mouth wide ; tongue fmooth, rounded before ; oper¬ 
culum double, covering a wide aperture : the lateral line 
ftrait, and fomewhat raifed. 
13. Coryphaena novacula, the razor-fiflt : fpecific cha¬ 
racter, blue ftripes crofting each other on the head and 
fins : the upper furface of this fifli terminates in a long 
fharp bone, fo that it bore the name of razor long before 
the time of Pliny. It haunts the Mediterranean fea, and 
lienee was known to the ancients ; it lias not efcaped 
{ome abfurd attributes in confequence of its name ; for 
Pliny writes, that it imparts a tafte of iron to whatever 
it touches. It is very beautiful; befides the blue ftripes, 
it exhibits the brighteft red mingled with golden tints ; 
the red is fpread over almoft the whole furface, and is 
reflcdled from very broad feales. Its flefli is much ef- 
teemed. The lateral line follows the bend of the back, 
and is very near it : the gill-coverts are each compofed 
of two laminae : the tail is fquare, having the rays of the 
fin of equal length. 
14. Coryphaena lima, the flat-nofed coryphena : fpe¬ 
cific character, the lower lip longer than the upper; tail 
{trail. There are thirty-two rays in the dorfal fin, fix- 
teen m each pectoral, anal, and tail; and fix in the ven- 
trals. Found in the Afiatic feas. 
15. Coryphaena lineata, the ftriped coryphena : co¬ 
loured ftripes crofting each other on the head, form the 
fpecific character: there are twenty-one rays (four {tiff 
ones) in the dorfal fin, eleven in the peCtorals, fix in the 
ventrals, fifteen in the anal, and twelve in the tail-fin, 
which is rounded at the end. This fpecies was found 
in Carolina by Dr. Garden. The head is marked with 
tranfverfe ftripes of bright colours, but what thefe co¬ 
lours are is not mentioned either by Gmelin or Cepede ; 
fmaller ftripes appear on the dorfal and anal fins. The 
feales are very large on the body and tail; but the head 
is covered with broad laminae inftead of feales. In the 
front of each jaw are two long fharp teeth {landing apart. 
16. Coryphama Sinenfis, the Chinefe coryphena; fpe¬ 
cific character, tail rounded, anal fin ftiort ; lower jaw 
protruded and bent upwards. This fpecies is deferibed 
by Cepede from fome Chinefe paintings in the natural 
hiftory mufeurn at Paris. It is an inhabitant of that 
country ; n colours are rich, but fimple and elegant: 
the prevailing colour is green of different fhades on dif¬ 
ferent parts of the body, and let off by tints of a filvery 
1 
COS 
whitenefs. The dorfal fin is very long, the anal ftiort, 
the tail rounded. The body, gill-coverts, and tail, are 
furnifhed with.large feales ; the lower jaw is raifed in 
the manner of the flat-nofed coryphena. 
17. Coryphaena acuta, the fharp-tailed coryphena: 
fpecific character, the tail pointed like a lance, the la¬ 
teral line curved : the dorfal fin has forty-five rays, the 
pectorals fixteen, ventrals fix, anal nine, tail fixteeiv 
Found in the Afiatic fea. 
18. Coryphaena virens, the green coryphena : the fpe¬ 
cific char after is the filiform appendices to the fins. The 
dorfal fin has twenty-fix rays, the pectorals thirteen, the 
ventrals fix, the anal, thirteen, the tail fixteen. Found 
in the Afiatic fea : the dorfal, anal, and ventral, fins, are 
each terminated by a long filament. 
19. Coryphaena clypeata, the helmeted coryphena: 
its fpecific charafter is a long plate between the eyes. 
Thirty-two rays in the dorlul fin, fourteen in each pec¬ 
toral, five in each ventral, twelve in the anal, and feven 
in the tail. Nothing more is known of this fpecies, ex¬ 
cept that it haunts the feas of Afia, like the two pre¬ 
ceding. 
20 . Coryphaena hemiptera, the fliort-finned coryphena: 
fpecific charafter, jaws nearly equal, dorfal fin fhort. 
Fourteen rays in the dorfal fin, fifteen in the pectorals, 
eight in the ventrals, ten in the anal, eighteen in the 
tail. The dorfal fin is fliorter than in the pentadaftyla ; 
the jaws are nearly of equal length. Found in the feas 
of Alia. 
21. Coryphtena branchioftega, the Afiatic coryphena : 
fpecific charafter, the aperture of the gills a tranfverfe 
flit. There are twenty-lour rays in the dorfal fin, fifteen 
in the peftoral, fix in the ventral, ten in the anal, fix¬ 
teen in the tail. This and the following are feparated 
from the coryphena by Cepede, on account of the fingu- 
lar form of the aperture of the gills, which is only a 
tranfverfe flit. Me feems to make but one fpecies of 
them; Gmelin, however, divides them into two. Found 
in the Afiatic feas. 
22 . Coryphaena Japonica, the Japan coryphena : fpe¬ 
cific character, its colour pale yellow, and the aperture 
of the gills a tranfverfe flit. Twenty-four rays in the 
membrane of the gills, fourteen in the peftoral fin, fix in 
the anal, feventeen in the tail. This fpecies is, indeed, 
very little different from the preceding. It is found 
about Japan, and other parts of Afia ; length fix inches, 
with fins 11 feales; firft made known by Houttuyn in the 
Haerlem Afts. 
CORYPHiE'US, f. [from xoptipr,, Gr. the tip of the 
head.] In the ancient tragedy, the head or chief of the 
company that compofed the chorus. The coryphaeus 
fpoke for all the reft, whenever the chorus tcok part in 
the aftion, in quality of a perftfii of the drama, during 
the cotirfe of the afts. Hep.ce coryphaeus had pafled 
into a general name for the chief or principal of any 
fcompanv, corporation, feft, opinion, &c. Thus Eufta- 
tius of Antioch is called the coryphaius of the council of 
Nice ; and Cicero calls Zeno.the coryphaus of the ftoics. 
CORY'TUS, a king of Etruria, father to Jafius, 
whom Dardanus is faid to have put to death, to obtain 
the kingdom. It is alfo a town and mountain cf Etru¬ 
ria, near which Dardanus was born. Virgil. 
CORYVRE'KAN, a gulf or bay between the ifland 
of Jura and Scarba, on the weftern coaft of Scotland, 
witli a dangerous whirlpool. 
COR Y'ZA ,f. [from the head, and £0, to boil.] 
In medicine, a catarrh, attended with a hot defluxion 
from the nofe. 
COS, or Coos, in ancient geography, an ifland on 
the coaft of Caria in the Hither Afia, fifteen miles to the 
weft of Halicarnaftlis, a hundred in compafs, called 
Meropis ; and hence Thucydides joins both names toge¬ 
ther, Cos Meropis: it had a cognoroinal town Cos, but 
originally called Afypalea , mentioned by Hcmer; with a 
port locked or walled round. The ifland was fruitful. 
