270 COT 
broader, and it approaches to a trapezium in (hape : the 
tail-fin is rectilinear, with rays reaching confiderably be¬ 
yond the connecting membrane. 
15. Cottas coris longus, the long helmeted bullhead; 
body long, back (trait; dorfal fin increafing in height as 
it approaches the end of the tail ; helmet rounded oft', 
not rifing abruptly as in the preceding : there are twenty 
rays in the dorfal fin, fifteen in the peftorals and anal, 
and ten in the tail. This fpecies wants the creft, or long 
ray in the dorfal fin : the lateral line make a fudden 
bend near the caudal fin, and then is loft in that.fin: 
jaws equal in length.. Thefe are the chief differences 
"between this" and the preceding. 
COTCJ'CHAN, J'. in Doomfday-Book, boors or luif- 
bandmen. 
CO'TULA, f. [from y.orv\-/i, a cavity or hollow. ] In 
botany, the herb May-weed ; a genus of the clafs fyn- 
genefia, order polygamia fuperflua, natural order com- 
pofitte difcoideae, or compound radiated flowers. The 
generic characters are—Calyx : common convex, divided 
into about (ixteen ovate parts, of which eight are exte¬ 
rior ; of thefe the inferior ones are rather bigger than 
the interior ones. Corolla : compound, the length of 
the calyx, a little convex; corollules hermaphrodite, 
numerous in the diIk ; females in the circumference 
more than twenty ; proper of the hermaphrodites tubu¬ 
lar, four-cleft, unequal; the outer divifion larger; of 
the females fcarcely any. Stamina : in the hermaphro¬ 
dites, filaments four, very fmall; antheras tubular, the 
length of the corollule. Piftillum : in the hermaphro¬ 
dites ; germ obovate ; ' ftyle filiform; ftigmas two, ob-‘ 
tufe. In the females, germ obovate, compreffed, two- 
edged, larger; ftyle filiform, length of the hermaphro¬ 
dite; ftigmas two, limple. Pericarpium: none; calyx 
unchanged, permanent. Seeds : of the hermaphrodites 
folitary, fmaller, ovate three-fided, the interior angle ob- 
feure ; down marginated ; of the females folitary, larger, 
cordate, on one lide flat, on the other gibbous, furround- 
ed by an obtufe border; down bordered. Receptacle: 
almoft naked, fiat.— EJfcntial Character. Receptacle al- 
inoft naked; down margined; corollules of the di(k four- 
cleft ; in the ray fcarcely any. 
Species. 1. Cotulu anthemoides, or dwarf cotula : leaves 
pinnate, multifid, dilated ; flowers flofcular. Root an¬ 
nual ; Item about fix inches high ; flowers drooping, 
much compreffed before they open, the lize of a lentil ; 
florets yellow. Native of Spain and the' ifland of St. 
Helena: cultivated in 1732 by James Sherard, M. D. 
There is a variety, fo- nearly allied to cotula anthemoi- 
des, that it is doubtful which genus it belongs to. Flowers 
nearly globular ; leaflets of the calyx equal, with a mem¬ 
branaceous edge. Native of Egypt. 
2. Cotula aurea, or golden cotula.: leave; pinnate-fe- 
taceous, multifid; flowers flofcular, drooping. Native 
of Spain and other fouthern parts of Europe : annual. 
3. Cotula ftrifta, or (ilvery cotula : leaves pinnatifid, 
plane, naked, dotted ; ftem erect, ftriift ; flowers radiate. 
Stem herbaceous, five feet high, ereCt, fomewhat angu¬ 
lar, even, (asis the whole plant,) covered with a bluifh 
dew. This, and fome of the other fpecies, (vifeofa, 
turbinata, Capenfis,) having radiate flowers, are fepa- 
rated under the name of lancifia by Pontedera and Adan- 
fon. Juflieu reduces this to the lidbeckia of Bergius; 
and the turbinata to the cenia of Commerfon. Native of 
the Cape of Good Hope : it flowers in May and June. 
4. Cotula coronopifolia, or buck’s-horn cotula : leaves 
lanceolate-linear, ftem-clafping, toothed ; flowers flofcu¬ 
lar. This is an annual plant, which fends out trailing 
(talks about fix inches long, with fucculent leayes, in 
lhape like thole of buck’s-horn plantain. The flowers 
grow from the divifions of the (talks upon fhort weak 
foot-ftalks, being deftitute of rays ; they are of a fulphur 
colour, and appear in July. The flowers of this and the 
eighth fort ftand erect, when they ftrit appear; but fo 
COT 
foon as the florets are impregnated, and their colour 
changes, the foot-ftalks become very flaccid towards the 
top, and the flowers hang downward ; but when the feeds 
are ripe, the foot-ftalks become ftitfi, and the heads ftand 
erect for the winds to dilperfe the feeds. This is a Cape 
plant; but has now eftablifhed itfelf in Europe. 
5. Cotula umbellata, or umbelled cotula : leaves 
lanceolated, hirfute ; flowers umbelled; Item ereft. Stems 
round, a foot and a half in height. Native of the Cape. 
6. Cotula quinqueloba, or five-lobed may-weed : leaves 
five-lobed, fubtomentole ; Items ere£t. It agrees very 
much in the flower with cotula ftrifta ; and they might 
make a feparate genus. Native of the Cape. 
7. Cotula vifeofa, or vifeid cotula : leaves alternate, 
lyrate-pinnate ; flowers radiate. This is a procumbent 
plant, or at leaft declining, putting forth many fuckers 
from the root; ftem a fpan high ; leaves very like thole 
o( common grbundfel, (fcnecio vulgaris,.) (inuated, villofe, 
vifeid; flowers like thofe of tire firft fpecies, but on 
Ihorter peduncles, and with the calyx more rounded; 
tlie florets alfo much refemble thofe of cotula anthe¬ 
moides, but the females have a very (lender linear co¬ 
rolla ; feeds naked, inlerted into the corolla on the in r 
r.er (ide, near the tip ; receptacle conical, naked. Found 
bv Houftoun at Vera Cruz, and lent to Linnaeus by 
Miller. 
8. Cotula turbinata, or broad-topped may-weed: re¬ 
ceptacles underneath, inflated, turbinated ; flowers radi¬ 
ate. This fends out many branching (talks, which fpread 
on the ground ; leaves very finely divided, covered with 
a cottony fubftance ; flowers folitary, on long peduncles, 
from the fide of the branches ; they have a narrow bor¬ 
der of white rays, with a pale yellow difk. Annual: 
native of the Cape ;' it flowers in July and Auguft. 
9. Cotula tanacetifolia, or tanfy-leaved cotula : leaves 
trip.innate, the fmall fegments acute; ftem ereft; flowers, 
flofcular, corymbed. Stem more than a foot high, up¬ 
right, (lightly angular, firm, pubefeent, pale green, very 
much branched on every fide. Annual; native of the 
Cape of Good Hope. 
10. Cotula Capenfis, or Cape may-weed : leaves pin¬ 
nate, fomewhat lleihy and columnar, the lowed fubbi- 
pinnate ; flowers radiate. This has the appearance of 
chamomile ; (terns many, very much branched, diffufed, 
a fpan in height, round, fomewhat glofly. Annual; na¬ 
tive of the Cape. 
11. Cotula pilulifera, or rounded may-weed: leaves 
bipinnate; heads globular; (lem ereft. Native of the 
Cape. 
12. Cotula fericea, or filky-leaved cotula: leaves fu- 
perdecompound, tomentofe, linear. Root perennial ; 
(terns herbaceous, thort, tomentofe, (imple, procumbent, 
white; leaves petioled, white, (ilky, like thofe of worm. 
•■wood ; flowers folitary, like thofe of the fourth fpecies; 
corolla flofcular, fhorter than the calyx, yellow. Native 
of the Cape. 
13. Cotula pyrethraria, orpellitory may-weed: leaves 
oppofite, ovate, crenate, petioled ; peduncles one-flower¬ 
ed. Flower exactly ovate, white, with four-cleft co- 
rollets. 
14. Cotula minuta, or fmall may-weed : leaves alter¬ 
nate, almoft ftem-clafping, oblong, toothed ; flowers fo¬ 
litary, feflile, oppofite to the leaf. Native of New Ca¬ 
ledonia ; found September 13th, 1774. 
15. Cotula bicolor, or two-coloured may-weed. Na¬ 
tive of the i(le of Tanna, in the South Seas. 
Propagation and Culture. If the feeds be- permitted to. 
fcatter,. the plants will come up in the fpring, and re¬ 
quire no other care but to keep them clean from weeds, 
and thin the plants where they are too clofe. The Cape 
forts muft be raifed on a moderate hot-bed in the fpring; 
and when the plants have obtained ftrength, they may be 
tranfplanted into a warm border, where they will ripen 
their feeds very well. They all flourifli beft, however, 
under 
