C R E 
for mendicants. The principal public Squares are the 
Square del Caltello, the Place d’Armes, and the fquare 
of the Cathedral, around which are the palaces of the 
bifhop, that of the representatives of the people, the 
cathedral, and other fplendidbuildings,. In the l'uburb 
of this city (eaft of the river Serio, over which palfes a 
bridge 604 feet in length) is fituated the elegant church 
ef Maria della Croce, and on the other fide of it the 
market, built'with large ftones, and polfeiling every re- 
quifite convenience. It belonged to the Venetians from 
the year 1428, till the dilfolution of that famous repub¬ 
lic in 1796. The name is faid to be derived from the 
word cremate , burned, as being built on the ruins of an 
ancient heretical town, burned by order, of the arclibi- 
Ihop of Milan, in 951 : twenty-two miles eaft-fouth-eaft 
of Milan. Lat. 45. 2-2. N. Ion. 27. 12, E. Ferro. 
CREMAS'CO, the territory including the above town, 
from which it takes its name, now united to the Italian 
republic, in the department of the Adda. It is leventy- 
four.miles in length, forty-lix miles broad, and 230 in 
circumference, between the Adda and the Oglio. Its 
furface is, in general, even, the eminence of La Coda 
excepted, and brings forth all forts of corn ift abundance, 
together with flax and lilk, but a very fmall quantity of 
wine. The number of inhabitants in one town, four vil¬ 
lages, and fifty-three parifhes, amounts to 36,000. Lodi 
and Crema are alternately called capital of the de¬ 
partment. 
CREMAS'TER,,y. [from y.^^xu, to fufpend.] Thofe 
mufcles fo named whole office’it is to fufpend the teflcs. 
See the article Anatomy. 
CREMA'TION, f. frematio, Lat.] A burning. It 
relates more particularly to the ancient cuftom of burn¬ 
ing the dead. This cuftom prevailed among moft eaftern 
nations, and continued with their defendants after they 
had peopled the different parts of Europe. Hence we 
find it prevailing in Greece, Italy, Gaul, Britain, Ger¬ 
many, Sweden, Norway, and Denmark, till Chriftianity 
abolillied it. 
CRE'MIUM,/! (in old records.) Brufh-wood, fmall- 
wood for the fire. AJJi. 
CREMAU'X, a town of France, in the department of 
the Rhone and Loire : five miles fouth of Roanne. 
CREMBS, a river of Carinthia, which runs into the 
Lyzer, about fix miles north of Milftatt. 
CREMBS'PERG, a town of Germany, in the duchy 
of Carinthia : feven miles north of Milftatt. 
CREMIEU', a town of France, in the department of 
the Ifere, in the diftridt of La Tour-du-Pin : fix leagues 
eaft of Lyons. 
CREM'MEN, a town of Germany, in the circle of 
Upper Saxony, and Middle Mark of Brandenburg, con¬ 
taining about three hundred houfes : twenty-two miles 
north-north-weft of Berlin, and thirty north-north-eaft of 
Brandenburg. Lat. 52. 50. N. Ion. 30. 45. E. Ferro. 
CREM'NITZ, or Kremnxtz, a town of Hungary, 
fituated on the fide of a hill, celebrated for its lilver 
mines : the town itfelf is very fmall, not containing fifty 
houfes, but the fatixbourgs are of great extent: fifty-fix 
miles north of Gran, and one hundred eaft of Vienna. 
CREMO'NA, a city of Italy, formerly capital of the 
Cremonefe, but now chief town of the department of the 
Upper Po, in tli.e Italian republic. It is fituated in 
a delightful plain, watered by the Oglio, about a quarter 
of a mile from the Po, over which is a bridge of boats, 
protected by a fort, as the town is by a callle ; a canal, 
which palfes through the town, forms a communication 
between the Oglio and the Po : the circumference is 
about five miles. The principal ftreets are wide and 
ftraight, adorned with fome fmall fquares, and a few pa¬ 
laces, but the houfes in general are not well built. Here 
is an univerlity of no great celebrity; forty parifn churches, 
and forty-three convents of both fexes, with about twelve 
C R E 34 7 
thoufand inhabitants. It is the fee of a bifhop. This 
town is faid to have'been built 391 years before Chrift. 
From the tower of one of the churches is an exteniive 
view over tire fertile plains of Auftrian Lombardy. The 
inhabitants manufadture a great quantity of filk and vio¬ 
lins. In the year 1 702, the Auftrians furprifed the French 
troops, who were garrifoned in this town, and made them 
prifoners, together with the general-in-chief, marfhal 
Villeroi, and many other generals; but, on the 12th of 
May, 1796, the French, under Bonaparte, conquered the 
town and the citadel, without drawing a fword. Thirty- 
eight miles fouth-eaft of Milan. Lat. 45. 9. N. Ion. 27. 
3. E. Ferro. 
CREMONF/SE, a country of Italy, which took its 
nam'e from Cremona the capital; but now forms the de¬ 
partment of the Po, in the Italian republic. It belonged to 
Spain, till the famous warfor thefuccefiion of Charles II. 
when it was ceded to the houfe of Auftria, and made a 
fief of the empire. It is fertile, particularly in wine and 
fruit, and contains 204,825 fouls. 
CREMONI'NI (Caefar), profeffor of philofophy at 
Ferrara and at Padua, raifed himfelf to fucli fame, that 
princes were ambitious to procure his portrait. He was 
born at Cento, in the Modenefe, in 1550; and died at 
Padua, of the plague, at the age of eighty. His princi¬ 
pal works are ; 1. Aminta e Clori, Favola Silvejlre ; Ferrara, 
1591, 4to. 2 . 11 Nafcimento di Venetia ; Bergamo, 1617, 
121110. 3. De Phyfico Auditu, 1596, folio. 4, De Calido 
Innato, 1626, 4to. 5. De Senfibus 6? Facilitate Appetiva , 
1644, 4to. and other works. 
CRE'MOR,yi [from xgiw, to fecrete.] The expreffed 
juice of any grain. Any fubftance floating on the top, 
and Ikimmed off. The chyle.—The food is fwallowed 
into the ftomach, where, mingled with diffolvent juices, 
it is reduced into a chyle or cremor. Ray. 
CREMPE, or Krempe, a town of Germany, in the 
duchy ol Holftein, fituated on a fmall river, which runs 
into the Stoer; the chief trade of the inhabitants is in 
cattle : four miles north of Gluckftadt, and twenty-feveiv 
north-weft of Hamburg. 
CREMS, or Krems, a town of Germany, in the arch¬ 
duchy ot Auftria, on the Danube: twenty-three miles 
fouth-weft oi Znaym, and thirty-two weft-north-weft of 
Vienna. Lat. 48. 25. N. Ion. 33. 27. E. Ferro. 
CREMS, or Krems, ariverof thearchduchy of Auftria, 
which runs into the Danube, near the town of Crems. 
CREM'SIER, a town of Moravia, the ufual reiidence 
of the biftiop of Olmutz : twenty miles fouth of Olmutz. 
CRE'NA, f [from the Lat.] A notch, a dent. 
CRE'NAN-CRAIG, a cape of Scotland, on the coaft 
of the county of Wigton, in Luce bay: thirteen miles 
fouth-eaft of Stranraer. 
CRE'NATE, or Crenated, adj. [from crerta, Lat.] 
Notched; indented.—The cells are prettily crenated, or 
notched, quite round the edges; but not ftriated down 
to any depth. Woodward. 
CRE'NATE-LEAFjyi in botany, a fcolloped or notch¬ 
ed leaf, \_folium crenatum, from crena, a notch:] having 
tile edge cut -with angular or circular incifures, not in¬ 
clining towards either extremity ; as in primula farinofa. 
When the edge of a leaf is cut into legments of fmall 
circles, inftead of angular teeth, it is faid to be obtufely 
crenate ; when the larger fegments have fmaller ones 
upon them, a leaf is then faid to be doubly crenate, du- 
plicate-crenatum. Linnaeus’s definition in Philof. Bot. takes 
in only the acutely crenate leaf; and therefore incifuris 
is rightly fubftituted in Delin. PI. for angulis. The fame 
term is applied to the corolla, in Linum, Dianthus Chi- 
nenfis, &c. to the neftary, in Narciffus triandrus. It 
feems better to retain the Latin term, than to tranflate it 
by notched, which in our language does not take in the 
idea by which Linnaeus diftiriguifiies crenate from ferrate j 
namely, the dire6tion oK.the teeth or notches. When 
