C R E 
litary, concave, entire, pale ; flowers yellow ; involucre 
the length of the ealyx, compofed of five or fix thread¬ 
ing, ovate, obtufe, concave, membranaceous, pale, leaf¬ 
lets. Said by Linnaeus to grow in Swifferland, which 
Haller denies. There is a variety differing manifeftly 
fronvthe other i>n its leaves, but the flowers unite them. 
Native of Apulia. 
5. Crepis Alpina, or Alpine crepis: involucres fcariofe, 
the length of the calyx ; flowers folitary. This is an 
annual plant, which fends out many oblong pointed 
leaves next the root; they are five inches long, and al- 
moft two broad at their bafe, leffening gradually to a 
point; the upper part is (lightly indented, but the lower 
is entire ; the items are ftrong and upright, two feet high, 
dividing into three or four eredt branches, terminated by 
pale-coloured flowers, inclofed in a ftrong hairy calyx, 
which contrafts clofe towards the top. Native of the 
Alps. It flowers in June, and the feeds ripen in autumn. 
6. Crepis rubra, or purple crepis: leaves ftem-clafp- 
ing, lyrate-runcinate. Root annual; root-leaves many, 
lanceolate, deeply jagged ; from thefe arife the (talks, 
which are a foot and a half high, dividing into many 
(lender branches, each terminated by one large flower, 
of a red colour, as in crepis Alpina and veficaria. The 
calyx nods before the flower opens. Native of Italy; 
cultivated in 1632, by Mr. Nicholas Swayton. 
7. Crepis foetida, or (linking crepis, or fuccory-hawk- 
weed : leaves runcinate-pinnate, rough with hairs ; peti¬ 
oles toothed. Stem a foot or eighteen inches in height; 
flowers yellow, purple on the outiide, nodding before 
they open. Villars remarks, that this plant varies in lize, 
form, colour, and fmell; but that in all the varieties the 
root is fufiform ; the (tern rough, channelled, and branch¬ 
ed ; the leaves afli-coloured, and more or lefs indented 
at the bafe ; that it has commonly the fmell of bitter al¬ 
monds, efpecially the calyx when bruifed ; that the flo¬ 
rets are red on the oi.tfide ; the feeds fufiform, and the 
egret on a ftipe. Linnaeus, following Tournefort, attri¬ 
butes the fmell of bitter almonds to the leaves ; Haller 
more juftly gives the plant a bituminous feent; Ray fays, 
that this and the foregoing have a ftrong feent of caftor ; 
Martyn fays, the flowers always feemed to have the fmell 
of opium. Native of France, Germany, Swifferland, 
Aultria, Piedmont; England, near Cambridge, Banftead- 
downs in Surry; Charlton, Northfleet, and Greenhithe, 
in Kent; near Swaffham, in Norfolk. Petiver calls it 
ca/lor hawkweed. It flowers from June to Augult. Bien¬ 
nial ; Linnteus makes it an annual. 
8. Crepis .afpera, or prickly crepis: leaves toothed, 
lower ovate-eared, upper fagittate, (tiff bridles fcat- 
tered over the Item. Native of Sicily, the Levant, and 
Paleftine. 
9. Crepis rhagadioloides, or perforated crepis : leaves 
entire, ftem-clafping, oblong ; interior calyxes torulofe- 
jointed, hifpid; leaflets boat-form. Annual; (tern half 
a foot high, ereft, (triated, fcabrous, branched. 
jo. Crepis Sibirica, or Siberian crepis : leaves ftem- 
clafping, obiong, wrinkled, toothed at the bottom; (tern 
rough with hairs; calyxes ciliate on the keel. Peren¬ 
nial ; (tern (tiff, two feet high, (triated, hifpid; feeds 
brown-purple. Native of Siberia, Swifferland, and per¬ 
haps the Pyrenees ; flowers in July and Auguft. 
11. Crepis tedtorum, or fmooth crepis: leaves lance- 
olate-runcinate, feftile, even ; the lower toothed; This 
is. a very common plant, of an afli-coloured green, but 
liable to many variations in fize. The flowers, heads, 
and feeds, of this plant, are fmaller than any Engliih 
hawkweed, except the hyoferis and hypocha:ris glabra. 
To this we may add' the ftrudture of the calyx, and the 
ftem-clafping leaves. The flowers expand about four in 
the morning, and clofe about noon. Native of Europe, 
in paftures, by way-fides, on banks, and on walls; flow¬ 
ering from June to September. It is called by our old 
writers, yellow Juccory, fuccory.dandelion , and fuccory.hg.wk = 
Vol. V. No. 278. 
PIS. 349 
weed. Petiver calls it hawk-heard , and Dr. Withering has 
adopted this name for the genus. 
12. Crepis biennis, or biennial crepis ; rough fuccory- 
hawkweed : leaves runcinate-pinnatifid, fcabrous, tooth¬ 
ed at the bafe above ; calyxes muricate. Stem angular, 
fcabrous,. from four to fix feet high. Native of Scania, 
Swifferland, Italy, Germany; England, paftures in a cal¬ 
careous foil, as in Kent, about Northfleet, and between 
Sittingbourn and Iiochefter; in Cambridgeffiire, about 
Linton, &c. Biennial ; flowering in July and Auguft. 
The flowers clofe between three and four in the after¬ 
noon. This and the preceding fpecies, together with 
leontodon hifpidum, hirturn, and autumnale, have been 
combined by Hudfon, under the name of hedypnois. 
13. Crepis virens, or green-leaved crepis : leaves rum 
cinate, fmooth, ftem-clafping; calyxes fubtomentofe* 
Native of France, Swifferland, Silefia, and Italy. Lin¬ 
naeus doubts whether this may not be a variety of the 
next fpecies ; and Gouan does not hefitate to make them 
one and the fame. 
14. Crepis Diofcoridis, or Diofcorides’s crepis: root- 
leaves runcinate ; ftem-leaves haftate ; calyxes fubto- 
mentofe. Annual; (tern a foot high, fomewhat angular, 
fmooth, and even ; branches but few, round, and fpread- 
ing. This is united with the preceding by feveral au¬ 
thors, as Vaillant, Haller, Gouan, and Villars. Native 
of France, the Palatinate, Silefia, Italy, and Siberia; 
flowering in June. 
15. Crepis pulchra, or fmall-flowered crepis: leaves 
fagittate, toothletted ; (tern panicled ; flowers pyrami¬ 
dal, fmooth. Calyx fmooth and even, narrow, angular, 
with very minute green feales at the bafe. Annual : 
native of France and. Italy ; flowers in July and Auguft; 
and was cultivated in Chelfea garden in 1739. 
16. Crepis negledta, or (lighted crepis: leaves ftem- 
clafping, runcinate, toothed, fomewhat hairy ; ftem pa¬ 
nicled ; calyxes with one or tw'o fpines on each leaflet. 
Annual; ftem a foot high, branched, fomewhat hairy, 
eredt. This agrees with crepis pulchra in its fize ami 
the fmallnefs of its flowers ; it differs in having the 
leaves runcinate, toothed, and fomewhat hairy ; whereas 
in the other they are entire, a very little toothed, and 
vifeid. Some of the fynonymes given under crepis pul¬ 
chra belong probably to one, and fome to the other. 
This is a native of Italy. 
17. Crepis albida, or pale-flowered crepis : leavesrun- 
cinate-toothed, fomewhat hoary ; peduncles naked, one- 
flowered ; calycine feales whitifh at the edge. Peren¬ 
nial ; (terns feveral, twice or thrice dichotomous, with a 
(effile leaf at each divifion of the branches ; flowers large, 
pale yellow, or whitifh, compofed of a great number of 
florets. Native of France and Italy. 
18. Crepis rigens, or briftly-leaved crepis : leaves ob¬ 
long, doubly ferrate, briftly; (tern naked, branched; 
flowers panicled ; calyxes cylindric, fmooth ; down fefi- 
(ile. Native of the Azores; perennial; flowering in July 
and Auguft. 
19. Crepis filiformis, or fine-leaved crepis : leaves li¬ 
near-filiform, very entire, fmooth ; down feftile. 20. Cre¬ 
pis fucculenta, or flefiiy-leaved crepis : leaves pinnatifid 
or toothed, fomewhat flelliy, even; calyxes fomewhat 
tomentofe ; down feftile. Natives of Madeira. Intro¬ 
duced in 1777, from Mr. Francis Maffon. The firft is 
biennial, and flowers in June ; the fecond is annual, and 
flowers in Auguft and September. 
Propagation and Culture. Few of thefe plants are com¬ 
monly cultivated, and fome of them are weeds in gar¬ 
dens and paftures. The third and fixth fpecies appear 
as annuals in the flower-garden. Thefe and any of the 
other forts may ealily be propagated from feeds, which 
fhould be fown in the fpring, on the borders of the 
flower-garden where they are defigned to remain, fo tha-t 
if fix or eight feeds are fow r n in each patch, when the 
plants pome up, they may be reduced to three or four ; 
4 U and 8 
