3j0 C R E 
and if thefe are kept clean from weeds, they will require 
no other culture, excepting the putting fmall fticks down, 
to fallen the ftalks to prevent their being broken by winds 
or rains. If the feeds are fown in autumn, or permitted 
to fcatter, the plants will come up, and live through the 
winter without fhelter, and flower early in the fpring. 
The three lad fpecies require the protection of a green- 
houfe. All the others are hardy. See Afargia, Hie- 
kacium, and Leontodon. 
To CRE'PITATE, v.n. [crepito, Lat.] To make a 
fmall crackling noife. 
CREPITA'TION, /. A fma*ll crackling noife. In 
forgery, it is the noife made by the ends or pieces of 
bones, when the furgeon moves a limb to allure himfelf 
by his ear of the exiftence of a fraCture. This is one of 
the evident indications of a fruCture of bones; and, to 
judge by it with the greater eafe to the patient, it is ne- 
ceflary that the upper part of the limb be held lad, while 
the lower part is gemly moved. The jar of the bones 
will fometimes be felt by the hand when nothing is 
heard. Sometimes alfo this Ample moving of the limb 
will unite the fractured bone without farther trouble. 
CRE'PON, a town of France, in the department of 
the Calvados, and chief place of a canton, in the diftriCt 
of Bayeux : two leagues north.eaft of Bayeux. 
CREPT, part, of To creep. —There are certain men 
crept in unawares. Jude. 
This fair vine, but that her arms furround 
Her married elm, had crept along the ground. Pope. 
CREPUN'DIA, f. in antiquity, tokens left with ex- 
pofed children, by which they might afterwards be 
known. Thefe were of confiderable value, if the child 
happened to be nobly born, in order to encourage fofter- 
care and education. 
CREPUS'CULOUS, adj. \_crepufculum , Lat.] Glim¬ 
mering ; in a date between light and darknefs.—A clofe 
apprehenfion of the one, might perhaps afford a glimmer¬ 
ing light and crtpufculous glance of the other. Brown. 
CREPUS'CULUM, J'. in aftronomy, twilight; the 
time from the firff dawn or appearance of the morning 
to tire riling of the fun ; and again, between the Letting 
of the fun and the lalf remains of day. See Astrono¬ 
my, vol. ii. p. 418. 
CRE'PY en LAONNOIS, a town of France, in the 
department of the Aifne, and .chief place of a canton, in 
the diftrict of Laon : one league and a half north-weft of 
Laon. 
CRE'QUI (Charles de), prince de Foix, due de Lef- 
diguieres, governor of Dauphiny, peer and ma'rfhal of 
France ; diftinguifhed himfelf at all opportunities, from 
the fiege of Laon, in 1594, until his death. Plis duel with 
don Philippin, baftard of Savoy, conduced very much to 
increafe his renown. From the time of this t ran fluff ion, 
Crequi proceeded to fignalize himfelf without interrup¬ 
tion. He received the baton of marlhal of France in 1662 ; 
relieved Aft and Verrue, befieged by the Spaniards; took 
Pignerol and the Maurienne, in 1630 ; defeated the forces 
of §pain at the battle of Thefin, in 1636 ; and was killed 
by a cannon ball at the liege of Bremen, in 1638, at 
about fixty years of age, as he was featihg himfelf near 
a large tree to make obfervations with his glades. His 
eloquence, which was very perfuaftve, was rendered ftill 
more efficacious by his politenefs and his generofity, 
which was nobly and uniformly extended to all thofe 
ever whom he was tire vidlor. 
CRE'QUI (Francois de), great grandfon of the fore¬ 
going, marlhal of France in 1668, was defeated, notwith- 
ftanding the prodigies of valour he flrewed, in 1675, near 
Confarbrick on the Sare. “ He was a man (fays M. de 
Voltaire) of an enterpriling courage, capable of the moft 
brilliant and the boldeft atftions, dangerous to his coun¬ 
try no lefs than to the enemy.” No fooper efcaped with 
difficulty from the battle of Confarbrick, than he ruftted 
C R E 
upon new dangers to throw himfelf into Treves. He 
chofe rather to be forced to furrender at diferetion than 
capitulate. He was taken priloner by Charles IV. duke 
of Lorraine, through the treachery of one Bois-Jourdan, 
who entered into a capitulation unknown to the marlhal. 
The two campaigns of 1677 and 1678, lliewed him to 
poffefs fuperior talents. He barred the entrance into 
Lorraine againft duke Charles V. beat him at Kochef- 
berg, in Alfatia ; took Fribourg before his face, palled 
the river Kins in his.prefence, purfued him towards Of- 
fenburg, attacked him in his retreat; and having im¬ 
mediately after taken fort Kehel fword in hand, he went 
and burnt the bridge of Stralburg. In 1684, he took 
Luxemburg, and died three years aftenvards, February 
4, 1687, at the age of fixty-three, with the reputation of 
a man who would have been a fit fuccelfor to marlhal 
Turenne, when age Ihould have moderated the impetuo- 
fity of his courage. The marlhal de Crequi was com¬ 
mander of the galleys from 1661. The great Conde 
was not an admirer of this general ; and yet, after the 
affair of Confarbrick, he could not refrain from laying to 
Louis XIV. “ Your majefty has now the greateft warrior 
your fervice ever knew.” 
CRES'CENT, adj. [from crefco , I.at.] Increafing; 
growing ; in a ftate of'increafe.—I have feen him in Bri¬ 
tain : he was then of a erf cent note. Shakefpeare. 
With thefe in troop 
Came Aftoreth, whom the Phoenicians call’d 
Aftarte, queen of heaven, with crejcpnt horns. Milton. 
CRES'CENT, f. [ crcfcais , Lat.] The moon in her 
ftate of increafe ; any limilitude of the moon increafing : 
My pow’r’s a crefcent, and my auguring hope 
Says it will come to th’ full. Shakefpeare. 
Jove in dulky clouds involves the Ikies, 
And the faint crijeeut llioots by fits before their eyes. 
Dry den. 
The term is fometimes ufed for the fame figure of the 
moon in its wane or decreafe, but improperly ; becaule 
the points or horns are then turned towards the weft, 
whereas they look to the eaft in the true crefcent. In 
heraldry, it is the bearing of the Ottoman empire : 
Or Baftrian fophy, from the horns 
Of Turkifh crefcent, leaves all wafte beyond 
The realm of Aladule, in his retreat. Millcn. 
Order of the Crescent, f. A military order infti- 
tuted by Renatus of Anjou, king of Sicily, in 1448 ; fo 
called becaufe the badge of dillindtion was a crefcent of 
gold enamelled. ' 
CRES'CENT-SHAPED, adj. A term in botany, 
applied to certain leaves, and Ipikes ; as in acrofichum 
petlinatum. The diminutive of luhulata is applied to 
the keel of the flower in polygala myrtifolia. Mcon- 
ftaped is abfurd, and mooned is worfe. If, (fays pro- 
felfor Martyn,) the terms lunate , lunulate, or crejeent- 
ftaped, be objected to, we may life the periphrafis,y/ApcL 
like a crefcent, for any form of a leaf, &c. refembling the 
moon in any period of her firft quarter; fince this term 
does not occur very frequently. 
CRESCEN'TIA, J'. [from Pietro Crcfcentio, the Ita¬ 
lian writer on agriculture, in the thirteenth century.] 
The Calabash-tree; in botany, a genus of the clals 
didynamia, order angiofpermia, natural order putami- 
neae. The generic charadters are—Calyx : perianthiurn 
one-leafed, two-parted, fliort, deciduous ; divifions round- 
ifn, concave, obtufe, equal. Corolla: one petalled, un¬ 
equal; tube gibbous, crooked, torulofe; border erect, 
five-cleft; divifions unequal, tooth-linuated. Stamina: 
filaments four, fubulate, length of the corolla, fpread- 
ing; of which two are a little Ihorter; anthera; incum¬ 
bent, obtufe, twin. Piftillum : germ pedicelled, ovate; 
ftyle filiform, length of the corolla ; ftigma headed. Pe- 
ricarpium: berry oval, hard, one-celled. Seeds: very 
many, 
