C R O 
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389 
Adverfe ; oppofite : often with to: 
Crofs to our intcrefts, curbing fenfe and fin ; 
Opprefs’d without, and undermin’d within, 
It thrives through pain. Dryden. 
Perverfe; untractable.'—When, through the crofs cir- 
cumftances of a man’s temper or condition, the enjoy¬ 
ment of a pleafure would certainly expofe him to a 
greater inconvenience, then religion bids him quit it. 
South. Peevifh ; fretful ; ill-humoured.—Did ever any 
man upon the rack affliCt himfelf, becaufe he had re¬ 
ceived a crofs anfwer from his miftrefs ? Taylor. —Con¬ 
trary ; contradictory.—The mind brings all the ends of 
a long and various hypothefis together ; fees how one 
part coheres with, and depends upon, another; and fo 
clears off all the appearing contrarieties and contradic¬ 
tions, that feemed to lie crofs and uncouth,‘and to make 
the whole unintelligible. South .—Contrary to with ; 
unfortunate.—I cannot, without fome regret, behold 
the crofs and unlucky ilfue of my defign; for, by my 
dill ike of difputes, I am engaged in one. Glanvillc.- —In¬ 
terchanged .—Crofs marriages, between the king’s fon and 
the archduke’s daughter ; and again, between the arch¬ 
duke’s fon and the king’s daughter. Bacon. 
CROSS, prep. Athwart; fo as to intcrfeCt any thing ; 
tranfverfely.—The enemy had, in the woods- before 
them, cut down great trees crofs the ways, fo that their 
horfe could not pollibly pafs that way. Knolles. 
Betwixt the midft ar.d thefe the gods affign’d 
Two habitable ieats of human kind; 
And crofs their limits cut a fioping way. 
Which the twelve figns in beauteous order fvvay. Dryd. 
Over ; from fide to lide.—A fox was taking a walk one 
night crofs a. village. L’Ef range. 
To CROSS, v. a. To lay one body, or draw one line, 
athwart another.—A hunted hare treads back her mazes, 
and crojfes and confounds her former track. Watts .—To 
fign with the crofs : 
Friars refort to farmers rich, and blefs their halls. 
And exorcife the beds, and crofs the walls. Dryden. 
To cancel : as to crofs an article. To pafs over.—He 
conquered this proud Turk as far as the Hellefpont, 
which he crojfed, and made a vifit to the Greek emperor 
at Conftantinople. Temple. 
We found the hero, for whofe only fake 
We fought the dark abodes, and crofs'd the bitter lake. 
Dryden. 
To move laterally, obliquely, or athwart; not in oppo- 
fition ; not in the fame line : 
But he them fpying, ’gan to turn afide, 
For fear, as feemed, or for fome feigned lofs ; 
More greedy they of news faff towards him do crofs. Spen. 
To thwart; to interpofe obftrudtion ; to embarrafs ; to 
obftrudt ; to hinder ; to counteraft.—Still do I crofs 
this wretch, whatfo he taketh in hand. Hooker .—He was 
fo great an enemy to Digby and Colepeper, who were 
only prefent in debates of the war with the officers, that 
he crojfed all they propofed. Clarendon. 
The firm patriot there. 
Though ftill by faftion, vice, and fortune, cro/l, 
Shall find the generous labour was not loft. Addifon. 
Not to’concur; to be inconfiftent with.—Then their 
wills claffi with their ur.derftandings, and their appetites 
crofs their duty. Locke .—To contravene ; to hinder by 
authority ; to countermand.—No governor is buffered to 
go on with any one courfe, but upon the leaft informa¬ 
tion he is either (topped or crojfed , or other courfes ap¬ 
pointed him from hence. Spcnfcr .—To contradict.'—It is 
certain, howfoever it crojs the received opinion, that 
founds may be created without air. Bacon .—To debar; 
to preclude : 
From his loins no hopeful branch (hall fpring, 
To crofs me from the golden time I look for. Shakefp. 
Vol. V. No. 281. 
To CROSS, v. n. To lie athwart another thing.—To 
be inconfiftent.—Men’s adlions do not always crofs with 
reafon. Sidney. 
CROSS-BAR-SHOT, f A round (hot, or cannon¬ 
ball, with a bar of iron put through it. Harris. 
CROSS-BEARER, J. [port croix, cruciger ;] in the 
Romifti church, the chaplain of an archbithop or a pri¬ 
mate, who bears a crofs before him on folemnoccafions. 
The pope has the crofs borne before him every where ; 
a patriarch any where out of Rome ; and primates, me¬ 
tropolitans, and thofe who have a right to ‘the pallium, 
throughout their refpedtive jurifdKtions. 
CRO'SS-BITE,y. A deception ; a cheat.—The fox, 
that traded to his addrefs and manage, without fo much 
as dreaming of a crofs-bite from fo filly an animal, fell him¬ 
felf into the pit that he had digged for another. L’Ef range. 
To CRO'SS-BITE, v.n. To contravene by deception. 
—No rhetoric rauft be fpent againft crojs-biting a country 
evidence, and frighting him out of his fenfes. Collier « 
That many knotty points there are. 
Which all difeufs, but few can clear ; 
As nature (lily had thought fit, 
For fome by-ends, to crcfs-bite wit. Prior. 
CRO'SS-BOW,/. A miffive weapon, formed by plac¬ 
ing a bow athwart a (lock.—Teftimony is like the (hot 
of a long-bow, which owes its efficacy to tire force of 
the (hooter ; argument is like the (hot of the crofs-bow, 
equally forcible whether difeharged by a giant or a dw'arf. 
Boyle. —By the Englifti law, no perfon (hall (hoot in, or 
keep any crofs-bow, hand-gun, hagbut, &c. but thofe 
who have lands of the value of one hundred pounds per 
annum : and no perfon (hall travel with a crofs-bow 
bent, or gun charged, except in time of war; or (hoot 
within a quarter of a mile of any city or market-town, 
unlefs for defence of himfelf or his houfe, or at a dead 
mark, under the penalty of ten pounds. 33 Hen. VIII. c.6. 
CRO'SS-BOWER, f. A (hooter with a crofs-bow.— 
The French aflifted themfelves by land with the crofs. 
bowers of Genoa againft the Englifti. Raleigh. 
To CROSS-EXAMINE, v. a. To try the faith of evi¬ 
dence by captious queftions of the contrary party.—The 
judges (hall, as they think fit, interrogate or crofs-examine 
the witneffes. Spectator. 
CROSS FELLS, a mountain of England, in the county 
of Cumberland. 
CROSS ISLAND, an ifland in the Atlantic Ocean, 
near the coaft of Main, at the entrance into Machias 
Bay. Lat. 44. 30. N. Ion. 67. 15. W. Greenwich. 
CROSS ISLAND, one of the fmaller Shetland Iflands 
of Scotland : thirty-five miles fouth of Lerwick. 
CROSS LAKE, a lake of United America, in the 
ftate of New York : feventeen miles S. of Lake Ontario. 
CROSS-PUR'POSE, f. A contradidfory fyftem.—To 
allow benefit of clergy, and to reftrain the prefs, feems 
to have fomething of crofs-purpofe in it. Shaft Jbury. —[In 
the plural.] A kind of fport; a converfation, where one 
perfon does, or pretends to, mifunderftand the other’s 
meaning.—He does not know his mod intimate acquain¬ 
tance by fight, or anfwers them, as if he were at crofs - 
purpofes. Chef erf eld. 
CROSS SOUND, a bay of the North Pacific Ocean, 
on the weft coaft of North America : forty-five miles 
north of Portlock’s Harbour. Lat. 58. u. N. Ion. 136. 
40. W. Greenwich 
CROSS-STAFF, or FoRE-STAFF,y. a mathematical 
inftrument of box or pear-tree, confiding of a fquare ftaff, 
of about three feet long, having each of its faces divided 
like a line of tangents, and having four crofs pieces of 
unequal lengths to fit on to the ftaff, the halves of thefe 
being as the radii to the tangent lines on the faces of the 
ftaff. The inftrument was formerly ufed in taking the 
altitudes of the celeftial bodies at fea. 
CROS'SEN, a duchy of Germany, in the circle of 
Upper Saxony. It formerly made part of Silefia; 
afterwards fubmitted to Poland ; and devolved, by inhe- 
G - ritance 
