3Q2 C R O 
19. Crotalaria cordifolia, or heart-leaved crotalaria j 
leaves ternate, obcordate, mucronate; flowers incorymbs; 
flera (hrubby. A fhrub eight feet in height. Native of 
the Cape, 011 rocks. 
20. Crotalaria incana, or hoary crotalaria : leaves ter¬ 
nate, oval, villofe beneath; racemes fpjkeform; keel 
tomentofe at the edge; legumes feflile, hirfute. Root 
annual; flem from two to four feet high, almoft Ample, 
ereCt, pubefcent; flowers fubracemofe, greeni(h yellow, 
rather large ; feeds oblong. It has the common fmell 
of the lcguminofe tribe, but is fetid. Native of the 
Weft Indies; flowers in June and July. Cultivated in 
1714, by the duchefs of Beaufort. 
21. Crotalaria incanefcens, or fpreading-fhrubby cro- 
talaria : leaves ternate, obtufe ; ftipules leafy ; branches 
hoary. A fhrub with hoary branches, very finely wliite- 
tomentofe, in which it differs evidently from the next, 
which is fmooth ; flowers yellow ; wings fhorter than 
the keel, which is lunate, and fomewhat beaked. Yet it 
feems to be only a variety of crotalaria laburnifolia, for 
the ftipules drop after it has flowered. Native of the 
Cape of Good Hope ; flowering from June to Odbober. 
22. Crotalaria heterophylla, or ftrait crotalaria : leaves 
ternate, elliptic, emarginate; the lower Ample. An¬ 
nual ; Hera ereCt, a foot high, fmooth, a little branched 
at the top. Native of the Eafl: Indies. 
23. Crotalaria quinquefolia, or five-leaved crotalaria : 
leaves quinate. Native of the Eafl Indies. 
24. Crotalaria floribunda, or fmall-flowered crotala¬ 
ria : leaves ternate, wedge-form ; branches pubefcent; 
legumes pedicelled, fmooth, wrinkled, comprefled, keel¬ 
ed. Native of the Cape of Good Hope ; found there by 
Mr. William Paterfon. It is fhrub by, and flowers in 
July and Auguft. 
25. Crotalaria axillaris, or two-flowered crotalaria : 
leaves ternate, ovate-elliptic, hairy beneath ; ftipules fu- 
bulate, minute; peduncles axillary, twin, one-flowered. 
Native of Guinea ; found there by Mr. William Brafs, 
It is annual, and flowers in July. 
26. Crotalaria pallida, or pale-flowered crotalaria : 
leaves ternate, lanceolate, fmooth ; racemes terminating, 
fpike-form. Native of Africa; found there by James 
Bruce, efquire. It is annual, and flowers in June and 
July. Introduced in 1775. 
I. Leaves Ample. 27. Crotalaria fericea, or filky- 
leaved crotalaria: leaves lanceolate, acute, Alky be¬ 
neath ; racemes elongated. A lofty plant, appearing to 
be flirubby, but in reality annual. Communicated by 
Koenig. 
Miller has three other fpecies. 28. Crotalaria fruti- 
cofa, or flirubby crotalaria : leaves Ample, linear-lanceo¬ 
late, hirfute ; petioles decurrent; Item flirubby. This 
fort grows naturally in Jamaica, whence the feeds were 
fent by the late Dr. Houftoun. It rifes with a fhrubby 
taper (talk near four feet high, fending out many fide 
branches, which are very (lender, ligneous, and covered 
with a light brown bark; the younger (hoots have a 
leafy border or wing on two Ades, but the old branches 
have none. The flowers are produced near the end of 
the branches, three or four growing alternate on a loofe 
fpike ; they are of a dirty yellow, and fmall; the pods 
which fucceed them- are about an inch long, very turgid, 
and of a dark blue when ripe. 
29. Crotalaria villofa, or hairy crotalaria : leaves Am¬ 
ple, ovate, villofe; petioles entirely Ample; branches 
round. Grows naturally at the Cape of Good Hope, 
This rifes with a flirubby (talk about five feet high, di¬ 
viding into feveral branches, with roundifli leaves, fit¬ 
ting clofe to the branches; they are of a hoary green, 
and foft to the touch ; the branches are taper and fmooth. 
The flowers are produced at the end of the branches in 
loofe fpikes ; they are about the fize of thofe of the 
eleventh fort, and of a fine blue colour. They come out 
in June and July, and in warm feafons the feeds ripen in 
autumn. 
C R .0 
30. Crotalaria angulata, or angular crotalaria : leave? 
ovate, feflile ; branchlets angular, hirluite ; flowers late¬ 
ral, very Ample. This is an annual plant, rifing with a 
taper upright (tern near three feet high, dividing at the 
top into leveral hairy upright branches ; leaves ovate- 
lanceolate, pale green. The flowers are produced fingiy 
from the fide of the branches, are of a bright yellow', and 
are fucceeded by fhort turgid pods, having one row of 
kidney-fhaped (eeds. It flowers in July and Auguft, and 
will perfect feeds in autumn. It was fent from Cam- 
peachy, where it grows naturally. 
From Loureiro. 31. Crotalaria heptaphylla, or feven- 
leaved crotalaria : leaves pinnate, with feven leaflets; 
fpikes long ; ftem arboreous. This is a tree, ten feet in 
height, with diffuled branches; flowers white, axillary', 
and terminating in long, Ample, folitary, fpikes. 
32. Crotalaria fcandens, or climbing crotalaria : leaves 
oblong ; peduncles many-flowered, axillary ; ftem ftirub- 
by, climbing. A large flrrub, with long, woody, fcan- 
dent, branches. This and the preceding are natives of 
Cochin-china. 
Propagation and Culture. Mod of thefe plants are pro¬ 
pagated by feeds, which muft be fown upon a hot-bed in 
the fpring; and, when the plants are come up an inch 
high, they fhould be tranfplanted to another hot-bed to 
bring them forward, obferving to (hade them from the 
fun till they have taken new root; after which they 
fhould have free air admitted to them in proportion to 
the warmth of the feafon, to prevent their being drawn 
up weak. When the plants have acquired ftrength in 
this bed, they fhould be carefully taken up, with balls 
of earth to their roots, and each planted in a feparate 
pot, filled with light kitchen-garden earth, and plunged 
into a moderate hot-bed of tanners’ bark, carefully 
(hading them till they are rooted again; then they muft 
be treated in the fame manner as other tender exotic 
plants, giving them proper air and water in warm wea¬ 
ther. When the plants are grown fo tall as to nearly/ 
reach the glades of the hot-bed, the pots may be removed 
into an airy glafs-cafe, or ftove, where they may be 
fereened from inclement weather, and have proper air 
in hot weather. With this treatment the plants will 
flower in July, and continue to produce frefh fpikes of 
flowers till the end of Auguft ; and thofe fpikes of 
flowers which appear early in the feafon, will be fuc¬ 
ceeded by ripe feeds in September, foon after which the 
plants will decay. Thofe fpecies which are natives of 
the Cape, will be fufficiently protected by the conferva- 
tory or dry ftove; but fuch as come from the Eaft In¬ 
dies, and the hotter parts of Africa, muft be kept in the 
bark-ftove. See Glycine and Sophora. 
CRO'TALO, or Crotaldm, / names of the cym¬ 
bal um, anciently ufed in war, and in pagan facrifices. 
See Cymbal. 
CRO'TALUS, f. [from crotalum, Lat. acaftanet; or 
crotalaria, jewels worn in fuch a manner that they rattled 
one againft the other.] The Rattle-snake ; in zoo¬ 
logy, a genus belonging to the order of amphibia fer- 
pentes ; the characters of which are thefe : the belly is 
furniftied with feuta, and the tail has both feuta and 
fcutellae ; but the principal charaCteriftic of this genus 
is the rattle at the end of the tail. There are five fpe¬ 
cies known ; and the bite of them is fo highly poifonous, 
that it generally kills in a fhort time. The fpecies are 
as follow : 
1. Crotalus horridus, the hideous or great rattle-fnake. 
This is indeed a very dangerous and terrific reptile, and 
the largeft of the genus. It is frequently found from 
eight to ten feet in length ; and will then furpafs the 
leg or thigh of an ordinary man, in the circumference of 
the abdomen. It feems to be indigenous in all parts of 
America ; and, according to Seba, is found of an enor¬ 
mous fize in our newly acquired domain, the illand of 
Ceylon. The head is large, comprefled, and furniftied 
with broad plates or laminae, of a thin texture, and red- 
