C R O 
whofe education he devoted his attention and care until 
1732 ; when he received the honour of being nominated 
counfellor of embafijes to tlie king of Sweden, uncle to 
his pupil, attended with a fuitable pecuniary ftipend. 
In 1737 he was uhanivnoufty elected profeffor of philo- 
fophy and mathematics in the academy of Laulanne, 
with the refpedtful indulgence of a power to fix upon a 
fubftitute to difcharge the duties of that fituation, 
whenever the infirmities of increafing age fhould render 
them burthenfome to him. He died at his native town, 
in 1748. He was the author of a variety of works in 
theology, morals, metaphyfics, and mathematics, diftin- 
guifhed by learning, acutenefs, perfpicuity, and libera¬ 
lity. In this number are, Five Sermons on the Truth 
of the Chriftian Religion, &c. 8vo. 1722 ; a volume of 
Sermons, on various fubjefts, Svo. 1723; A Syfiem of 
Refleitions that may contribute to the Illuftration and 
extenlion of Knowledge; or, a New Elf'ay on Logic, 
which firft appeared in 1712, in two vols. Svo. and, alter 
undergoing intermediate imprefiions, in fix vols. 121110. 
in 1741 ; an abridgement of the preceding, in one vo¬ 
lume, publilhed in 1724, .under the title Syjfema Logica, 
juxta principia ab Autore in gallico opere pojita. S'umma Logi¬ 
ca , cum adjun&a preefatione de Logici Officio, ct Logicce utihter 
exponendee veramethodo, 1724. ATreatife on the Education 
of Children, two vols. nmo. 1722. A Treatife on the 
Beautiful, in which is (hewn wherein it confifts, by 
Examples chiefly taken from the Arts and Sciences, two 
vols. 12mo. 1724. A11 Examination of the Difcourfe ol 
Free-thinking, by Anthony Collins. The Geometry of 
Lines, and of reftilinear and circular Surfaces, two 
vols. Svo. 1718. An Examination of ancient and of mo¬ 
dern Pyrrhonifm, fol. 1734. A Treatife on the Human 
Underftanding, in which the hypothefis of Leibnitz and 
Wolff, refpefting the pre-eftablifhed harmony, are com¬ 
bated. De Mente humana Subjlantia a corpore dijiinfta & im- 
mortali, Dijf. Phys-theol. 1726, 121110. A Treatife 011 Alge¬ 
bra, 1726. An Examination of Pope’s Eflay on Man; 
and, A Commentary on the Abbe du Refnel’s Tranflation 
in Verfe, of that eflay, 1737 and 1738, nmo. Various 
Works, in two vols. 8vo. 1737, containing difeourfes, 
efiays, dillertations, &c. and numerous treatifes in rhe¬ 
toric, philofophy, mathematics, &c. 
CROUTA'DE,/] in cookery, a peculiar manner of 
drefling a loin of mutton. Philips. 
CROUTE, Sour CROUTE,or Kroute,/] a German 
preparation of cabbage which has been found of love- 
reign efficacy as a prefervative in long voyages from the 
fea-feurvy. The loundeft and mod folia cabbages are 
feledted for this ufe, and cut very fmall, commonly 
with an inftrument made for this purpofe, not unlike 
the plane ufed for Hieing cucumbers. A knife is to be 
preferred when the preparation is made with greater 
nicety. The cabbage thus minced is put into a barrel 
in layers, hand high., and over each is ftrewed a handful 
of fait and carraway feeds ; in this manner it is rammed 
down with a rammer, Jiratum fuper Jlratum, till the barrel 
be full; when a cover is put over it and prefled down 
with a heavy weigjit. After Handing fome time in this 
Hate, it begins to ferment; and it is not till the ferment¬ 
ation has entirely fubfided that the head is fitted to it, 
and the barrel finally fhut up and preferved for ufe. 
There is not a drop of vinegar employed in this prepa¬ 
ration. The Germans write this preparation in the fol¬ 
lowing manner : Sauer kraut, or Jduer kohl; that is, four 
herb, or four cabbage. 
CRQUTEL'LE, a town of France, in the department 
of the Vienne, and chief place of a canton, in the 
diflrift of Poitiers : one league and a half fouth-weft of 
Poitiers, 
CROU'Y, a town of France, in the department of the 
Seine and Marne, and chief place of a canton, in the 
diftricl of Meaux : ten miles north-eaft of Meaux. 
CRQUZIL'LE, a town of France, in the department 
V ol. V. No. 282. 
C li O 401 
of the Upper Vienne : fevepteen miles fouth-eafl ot 
Limoges. 
CROW,/ [cjinpe, Sax. corvns, Lat.] A large well- 
known bird, that feeds upon the carcaffes of bealis. See 
Corvus, p. 237, of this volume. 
To crows he like impartial grace affords, 
And choughs and daws, and fuch republic birds. Dryd. 
A piece of iron, with a beak, ufed as a lever to force 
open doors ; as the Latins called a hook corvus. —The 
crow is ufed as a lever to lift up the ends of great heavy 
timber, and then they thruft the claws between the 
ground and the timber; and laying fome fluff behind 
the crow, they draw the other end of the (hank back¬ 
wards, and fo raife the timber. Moxon.- —[From To crow. ] 
The voice of a cock, or the noife which he makes in 
his gaiety. 
“ The Crow thinks her own bird faired.”—This pro¬ 
verb points out the ftrong partiality to one’s own, whe¬ 
ther children, country, works, knowledge, or whatever 
it be we poffefs. The French fay, A tous oifeaux lour 
Tticls font beaux: Every bird likes his own neft. Thus we 
paint the devil black, but the Ethiopians are faid to cle- 
fcribe him white. 
“ I have a Crow to pluck or pull with you.”—This 
means “ I have fome caufe to rally you, or fome trifling 
fault to find with you.” The Italians fay, Ho un calcio 
in gala con voi. 
CROW, hieroglyphically, reprefents a foothfayer, 
becaufe it is dedicated to Apollo the god of foothfaying 
and prophecy. When crows are put together, they fig- 
nified difeord and war. 
CROW’s BILL,/’, with furgeons, a kind of forceps 
for drawing bullets and other foreign bodies out of 
wounds. 
CROW’s FEET, f. in the military art. See Chause- 
trappes. 
Tb CROW, v.n. preterit. I crew, or crowed ; I pave 
crowed:-, [cjrapan, Sax. ] To make the noife which a cock 
makes in gaiety or defiance.—Diogenes called an ill phy- 
fician cock. Why ? faith he. Diogenes anfwered, Be¬ 
caufe when you crow, men ufe to rile. Bacon. —That the 
lion trembles at the crowing of the cock, king James, 
upon trial, found to be fabulous. HahewiU. 
Within this homeftead liv’d, without a peer 
For crowing loud, the noble chanticleer. Dryden. 
Toboafl; to bully; to vapour ; to binder; to fwagger. 
—Selby is crowing, and, though always defeated by his 
wife, dill crowing on. Grandi/on. 
CROW-BERRY,/". See Empetrum. 
CROW-FOOT, f. See Ranunculus. 
CROW-GARLIC,./. See Allium. 
CROW-HEAD, a cape of Ireland, on the fouth-weft 
coaft of the county of Cork. Lat. 51. 32. N. Ion. 10. 2. 
W. Greenwich. 
CROW-NET, or Clap-net, an invention for catch¬ 
ing wild fowl and other birds. See the article Bird- 
catching. 
CROW-TAING, a cape of Scotland, on the north- 
weft coaft of the ifland of Ronaldfhay. 
CROWD,/', [cjtu^, Sax.] A multitude confufedly 
preffed together; a promifeuous medley, without order 
or diflinftion.—He could then compare the confufion of 
a multitude to that tumult he had obferved in the Ica- 
rian fea, dalhing and breaking among its crowd of iflands. 
Pope. —The vulgar ; the populace : 
He went not with the crowd to fee a (hrine, 
But fed us by the way with food divine. Dryden. 
[From erwth, Welfli.] A fiddle : 
Hark how the minftrels ’gin to flirill aloud 
Their merry mufick that refounds from far, 
The pipe, the tabor, and the trembling croud , 
That well agree withouten breach or jar. Spenfer. 
5 K Tt> 
