C' R U 
C R U 
2. Cvucianella latifolia, or broad-leaved cruffianella: 
procumbent; ieaves in fours, lanceolate; flowers in 
fpikes. This is alfo an annual plant, fending out feve- 
ral branching ftalks from the root, which lie prodrate. 
The flowers are produced in long fpikes at the extremi¬ 
ties of the branches ; they are very fmall, and make no 
great appearance. The item is fometimes erett, and, 
perhaps, it is only a variety of the foregoing. Linn. Syji. 
Ray obferves, that the fir ft differs from this only in the 
narrownefs of the leaves and fpikes, and the general lo\v- 
nefs and fmallncfs of the plant. Native of the fouth of 
France and the illands of the Archipelago. Cultivated 
in 1663 ; flowers in June and July. 
3. Crucianella Egyptiacae, or Egyptian crucianella : 
leaves in fours, fublinear; flowers in fpikes, five-cleft. 
Annual; Items not at all woody, a palm in height, at 
firft ereCt, then fpreading, at the root diffufed or prof- 
trate. Native of Egypt. 
4. Crucianella patula, or fpreading crucianella : dif¬ 
fufed; leaves in fixes; flowers fcattered, Native of 
Spain; annual. 
5. Crucianella maritima, or fea crucianella : a pro¬ 
cumbent underfhrub ; leaves in fours, mucronate; flowers 
oppofite, five-cleft. This is like the fecond in the ap¬ 
pearance of the leaves and ftalks; but the flowers grow 
on the fide of the ftalks, almoft in whorls, and make 
little appearance. Native of the fouth of France, Italy, 
and Sicily ; flowers in June and July. 
6. Crucianella Monfpeliaca, or Montpellier crucia¬ 
nella > procumbent; leaves acute, thofe on the ftem in 
fours, and ovate ; on the branches about five, and linear ; 
flowers in fpikes. Root annual; plant fmall, glaucous 
all over; Items thickifh, diffufed; branches alternate, 
ftraight, Ample; fpikes terminating, like thofe of the 
firft fpecies, but much larger, longer, and more frequent. 
Native of the fouth of France, about Montpellier, and 
Vienne ; alfo in Paleftine. 
7. Crucianella hifpida, or rough petty-madder: ftem 
hifpid; leaves lanceolate, hirfute, oppofite; flowers um- 
belled, terminating. This has four-cornered rough prick¬ 
ly ftalks, which bend downward. The flowers are pro¬ 
duced in fmall clufters at the ends of the branches; the 
corolla is blue, and cut into four parts at the top ; the 
capfules are two joined together, with one oblong feed 
in each. 
8. Crucianella Americana, or American petty-madder : 
leaves linear-lanceolate, hirfute, oppofite; ftem ereCt, 
villofe ; flowers folitary, axillary. This rifes with a 
flirubby branching ftalk near three feet high, with nar¬ 
row lanceolate leaves covered with flinging hairs; flowers 
pale blue, fucceeded by twin-fruit like the former. Both 
are natives of Vera Cruz, in New Spain, whence they 
were fent by Dr. Houftoun. The plants grew in the 
Chelfea garden very well during the fummer feafon, but 
perifhed in the autumn before their feeds were ripe. 
9. Crucianella capitata, or headed petty-madder : 
procumbent, fuffruticofe ; leaves in fixes, fublinear ; 
flowers in heads, five-cleft. Root perennial, horizontal, 
ftrong, woody; ftem fuffruticofe, weak, naked at the 
bottom ; branches filiform ; leaves ufually fix together, 
ovate-lanceolate, acute, rugged, rolled back 011 the Tides, 
on the fruit-bearing branches remote, on the others ap¬ 
proximating ; flowers dark, almoft black ; feeds folitary, 
oblong. Native of Mount Lebanon, near the fummit. 
Propagation and Culture. 1, 2, 5, 6. Thefe are preferved 
in fome gardens for the fake of variety ; if the feeds are 
fown on a bed of light earth early in the fpring, where 
they are defigned to remain, they will require no other 
culture, but to thin them where they are too clofe, and 
keep them clean from weeds ; or, if the feeds are per¬ 
mitted to fcatter, the plants will come up in the fpring, 
and require no other treatment; but the fifth fort will 
aiot ripen its feeds here, when the autumn is not fa¬ 
vourable. 
Vol. V. No, 282. 
403 
CRUCI A'TA, f. in botany. See Axagax.t.is, As* 
PERULA, Galium, Gentiana, Rubia, and Valantia. 
To GRU'CIATE, v. a. [ crucio , Lat.] To torture ; to 
torment; to excruciate. 
CIvl. 'LIBLE ,/i [crucibulum , low Lat.] A melting-pot 
or veffel ufed in chemidry, formed either of earth, of 
plumbago, or of fome fuitable metal. It is ufed for fu- 
fions, cementations, and other operations, in the dry 
way; and was thus named, becaufe they were originally 
marked with a crofs. See Chemistry, vol. iv. p. 191. 
CRUCI'FEROUS, adj. [crux and fero, Lat.] Bearing 
the crofs. 
CRU'CIFIER, f He that infliCts the punifliment of 
crucifixion.—Vifible judgments were executed on C drift's 
crucifers-. Hammond. 
CRU'CIFIX,/. [crucifixus, Lat.] A reprefentation in 
picture or ftatuary of our Lord’s paflion.—There (lands 
at the upper end of it a large crucifix, very much efteern- 
ed. The figure of our Saviour reprefents him in his lad 
agonies of death. Addifon. 
CRUCIFIX'ION, f. [from crucifxits, Lat.] The pu¬ 
nifliment of nailing to a crofs.—This earthquake, accord¬ 
ing to the opinion of many learned men, happened at our 
Saviour’s crucifixion. Addifon. 
CRU'CIFORM, adj. [ crux and forma , Lat.] Having 
the form of a crofs. In botany, this term denotes the 
corolla of fuch flowers as confift of four equal petals, 
fpreading out in the form of a crofs. Thefe flowers 
conflitute the fifth clafs in Tournefort’s fyftem ; and are 
a principal character in the clafs Tetradynamia of Lin¬ 
naeus. In the natural orders he has preferred the title 
of Siliquofae. 
To lRU'CIFY, v. a. [ crucifigo , Lat.] To put to death 
by nailing the hands and feet to a crofs fet upright.— 
They crucify to themfelves the Son of God afrefh, and 
put him to an open fliame. Heb. vi. 6. 
But to the crofs he nails thy enemies, 
The law that is againft thee, and the fins 
Of all mankind, with him there crucify'd. Milton. 
CRUCI'GEROUS, adj. [cruciger, Lat.] Bearing the 
crofs. 
CRUCI'TA,yi in botany. See Cruzita. 
CRUCKFAL'LA, a mountain of Ireland, in the coun¬ 
ty of Donegal: three miles fouth-eaft of Bloody Farland’s 
Point. 
CRU'COLI, a town of Italy, in the kingdom of Na¬ 
ples, and province of Calabria Citra : fix miles fouth- 
eaft of Cariati Vecchia. 
CRUD,/. [commonly written curd. See Curd.] A 
concretion of any liquid into hardnefs or ftiffnefs; coa¬ 
gulation. 
CRUDE, adj. [crudus, Lat.] Raw; not fubdued by 
fire. Not changed by any procefs or preparation.-—Fer¬ 
mented liquors have quite different qualities from the 
plant itfelf; for no fruit, taken crude, has the intoxi¬ 
cating quality of wine. Arbuthnot .—Harfh ; unripe.—A 
juice fo crude as cannot be ripened to the degree of nou- 
rifhment. Bacon. —UnconcoCted; not well digefted in the 
ftomach.—While the body to be converted and altered 
is too ftrong for the efficient that fhould convert or alter 
it, whereby it holdeth faft the firft form or confidence, it 
is crude and inconcoCt ; and the procefs is to be called 
crudity and inconcoCtion. Bacon. —Not brought to per¬ 
fection ; unfinifhed ; immature : 
In a moment up they turn’d 
Wide the celedial foil; and faw beneath 
Th’ originals of nature, in their crude 
Conception. Milton . 
Having indigeded notions: 
Deep vers’d in books, and Oiallow in himfelf, 
Crude, or intoxicate, collecting toys. Milton. 
Indigeded ; not fully ccmcoCted in the intellect.—What 
5 L peradventurei 
