C U L 
in thefc countries as, according to every account, they 
mud be in the Bannat of Temel'war. The caufe of this, 
perhaps,.is to be aferibed to the great fize of thefe gnats 
in the latter country, and perhaps alfo to fbnte poifonous 
quality connected with their ding; for I have obferved, 
even in Siberia, that their ding lometimes cccafioned on 
the human body large tumours, which fcarcely difap- 
peared at the end of forty-eight hours.” 
What Grifelini has related of thefe infefts we diould 
have conftdered as containing too much of the marvel¬ 
lous, had not baron Born, in his Letters, confirmed the 
accounts of the deftruCtive nature of thefe vermin in that 
country : “ They come to the Bannat of Temefwar (fays 
he) by millions, as foon as the bloom appears on the 
trees in the fpring; fall upon the cattle, creep through 
the rectum, the nodrils, and the ears, into the mod in¬ 
terior parts of their bodies, and kill them in four or five 
hours. When the animal is opened, they are found ad¬ 
hering in fwarms to the lungs and to the bowels, which 
are completely inflamed. They continue three or four 
weeks, and are followed by immenfe clouds of dragon 
flics, libcllula grandis and area, which devour every thing, 
and are in their turn devoured by the fvvallovvs, which 
find them in fwarms. About the end of July, or the 
beginning of Augud, the fecond brood appear, and ac¬ 
companied with the like circumflances.” 
CUL'HAT, a town of France, in the department of 
the Puy-de-Dome ; ten miles ead of Riom. 
CULIACA'N, a province of Mexico, bounded on the 
north by Cinaloa, on the ead by New Bifcay, on the louth 
by the Pacific Ocean, and on the wed by the gulf of Ca¬ 
lifornia ; about 200 miles long, and ninety broad. The 
foil is fertile, and the air healthy. There are fome diver 
mines. The principal towns are, Culiacan, Petatlan, 
and St. Miguel. 
CULIACA'N, a town of North America, and capital 
of a province of the fame name, in Mexico, on a river 
alfo called Culiacan : 480 miles north-wed of Mexico. 
Lat. 24. 22. N. Ion. 90. 37. W. Ferro. 
CULIACA'N, a river of North America, which runs 
into the Atlantic. Lat. 24. 20. N. Ion. 91. 15. W. Ferro. 
CULILA B A'N,J'. in botany. See Laurus. 
CU'LINARY, ad], [ culina , Lat.] Relating to the 
kitchen ; relating to the art of cookery.—Great weight 
may condenfe thofe vapours and exhalations, as foon as 
they fliall at any time begin to afeend from the fun, and 
make them prefently fall back again into him, and by 
that adlion increafe his heat; much after the manner 
that, in our earth, the air increafes the heat of a culinary 
fire. Newton. 
To CULL, v. a. [c; uillcr, Fr. ] To feleiSl from others; 
to pick out of many.—The choiced of the Britifli, the 
Roman, Saxon, and Norman, laws, being culled , as it 
were, our grand charter was extracted. Howel. 
Like the bee, culling from ev’ry flow’r, 
Our thighs are pack’d with wax, our mouths with honey. 
Skakefpeare. 
When falfe flow’rs of rhetoric thou would’d cull, 
Trud nature, do not labour to be dull. Dryden. 
CULL, a fea-port town of Africa, fituated at the bot¬ 
tom of a gulf, in the country of Algiers, with a tolerable 
port. Lat. 37. 40. N. Ion. 6. 40. E. Greenwich. 
CUL'LAN, a town of France, in the department of 
the Cher, and chief place of a canton, in the didrict of 
Chateau Meillant: ten leagues fouth of Bourges. 
CUL'LEN, a town of Scotland, in the county of Bamff, 
fituated in a bay to which it gives name: twelve, miles 
wed of Bamff. Lat. 37. 38. N. Ion. o. 29. E. Edinburgh. 
CUI.L'EN, (William), an eminent phyfician, born in 
1712, in the county of Lanerk in Scotland. He was 
placed under a furgeon and apothecary in Glafgow, and 
afterwards went feveral voyages to the Wed Indies, as 
furgeon to a trading fhip. He at length fettled at the 
town of Hamilton, practifing chiefly in the medical and 
1 
C U L 461 
pharmaceutical branches. It is a Angular circumfiance in 
the hidory of medicine, that William Hunter, afterwards 
fo eminent as an anatomid in London, (houldat one time, 
have been partner with Cullen in an inconfiderable country 
town. 11-appears, however, that, at this early period of 
their lives, neither of them limited his ambition to fuch 
a confined circle ; for it was the fp.irit of their partner- 
fliip to provide means for enabling them alternately to 
enjoy thofe further advantages of education which fcanty 
circumflances had denied them. In confequence of this 
agreement, Cullen fludied at the univ rfity of Edin¬ 
burgh, while Hunter was pradtifing on the common ac¬ 
count. Hunter, the next year, vilited London, and fol¬ 
lowed his fortune in that metropolis, under the aufpices 
of Dr. Douglas, the anatomid. Cullen, during his 
abode at Hamilton, attracted the notice of the duke of 
Argyle, who happened to be on a vifit in the neighbour¬ 
hood, and w r as intent upon fome chemical refearches. 
It was not difficult for a man of his difeernraent to dif- 
cover in the young apothecary a perfon fuperior to the 
ftation he then occupied. Soon after, a hidden illnefs of 
the duke of Hamilton, whofe feat is adjacent to the 
town of his name, occafioned Cullen to be font for; 
and his treatment of the cafe appeared fo judicious to 
Dr. Clark of Edinburgh, who was afterwards confulted, 
that he became his liberal encomiaft. Cullen’s improv¬ 
ing profpecls induced him to form a matrimonial con¬ 
nection with an amiable woman, the daughter of a neigh¬ 
bouring minider. He afterwards took the degree of 
doctor of phyfic, ar.d fettling at Glafgow, was appoint¬ 
ed, in 1746, chemical lecturer in the univerfity of that 
city. Here he began to difplay thofe talents for teach¬ 
ing, which ever afterwards didinguifiied him. His 
enunciation was didindt, his manner lively and familiar, 
and he peculiarly excelled in the art of clear and metho¬ 
dical arrangement. He foon became a great favourite 
with the dudents, and rendered chemidry an objedt of 
ardent purfuit among them, the effects of which were 
afterwards happily exemplified in the difeoveries of his 
pupil, the celebrated Dr. Black. His private practice 
kept pace with his growing reputation; and, in 1751, 
lie was more diredtly engaged in the fervice of the heal¬ 
ing art, by his appointment of profeflor of medicine in 
the univerfity. The fame of Edinburgh, as a medical 
fcliool, has by ripthingbeen fo much promoted as by the 
vigilance of its curators to feize upon every man ofdif- 
tinguiflied merit within their reach, and incorporate him 
among their profelfors. Thus, on th-e death of Dr. 
Plummer, the chemical profeffbr, in 1756, Dr. Cullen 
received an unanimous invitation to the vacant chair; 
and he did not hefitate to quit all his advantages at 
Glafgow for a flation in the univerfity of the Scottilh 
metropolis. Here he foon arrived at that extraordinary 
degree of academical popularity which for lo many 
years diftinguiihed him beyond all his brethren, and for 
which he was indebted, not only to his merit as a teacher, 
but to the laudable pains he took to ingratiate himfelf 
with his pupils. He was cordially attentive to all their 
interefts, admitted them freely to his houle, conversed 
with them on the mod familiar terms, folved their 
doubts and difficulties, gave them the ufe of his library, 
and in every refpetfi treated them with the affection of a 
friend, and the regard of a parent. It is impoflible for 
thofe who perfonally knew him in this relation ever to 
forget the ardour of attachment which he infpired. 
His influence upon young minds was augmented bv the 
novelty of his opinions, and the freedom of his animad- 
verfions upon the medical fyftems then in vogue, but 
which undoubtedly prefented feveral points of attack. 
The older profelfors had all been educated in the Roer- 
haavian fchool, and, though men of merit, were natu¬ 
rally prejudiced in favour of the doftrines they had im¬ 
bibed. Dr. Cullen called in queftion fome of the fur. 
damental principles of 'the theory of the Leyden 'pro- 
felfor, efpecially thofe which depended upon the hu¬ 
moral 
