CUP 
knowing who I am, or whether I dcferve to be cupped 
and fcarified at this rate. SpeBator, 
The clotted blood lies heavy on his heart. 
Corrupts, and there remains in fpite of art: 
Nor breathing veins nor capping will prevail; 
All outward remedies and inward fail. Dryden. 
CUP-BEARER,^. An officer of the king’s houfehold. 
An attendant to give wine at afeaft.—This vine was faid 
to be given to Tros, the father of Priam, by Jupiter, as 
a recompence for his carrying away his fon Ganymede to 
be his cup-bearer. Broome. 
CUP-GALL, [ in natural hiftory, a name given to a 
Rind of excrefcence, found on the leaves of the oak and 
fome other trees. They are of the figure of a cup, or 
drinking-glafs without its foot, being regular cones ad¬ 
hering by their point or apex to the leaf." In the center 
it has a final 1 protuberance, refembling the nipple of a 
woman’s bread. This is of a pale green, as is alfo the 
whole of the gall, excepting only its rim that runs round 
the top : this is of a beautiful fcarlet colour. There are 
feveral other kinds and forms of thefe galls, all of which 
are the work of different fpecies of the cynips or gall in¬ 
fect ; for which fee Cynii's. 
CUPAME'NI,yi in botany. See Acalypha. 
CUPA'NIA,/ [To named from FranccJ'co Cupani, of Si¬ 
cily, a Francifcan monk; author of Plarita Siculee, 1C92 ; 
and Hortus Catholicus, 1696.] In botany, a genus of the 
clafs octandria, order monogynia; or clafs polygamia, 
order monoecia ; and natural order trihilatae. The gene¬ 
ric characters are—Calyx : perianthium five-leaved, in¬ 
ferior ; leaflets oblong, erect. Corolla : petals five, 
cowled at the top, upright. Stamina : filaments eight, 
capillary, longer than the calyx, ereCt; antherse incum¬ 
bent, oblong. Piftillum : germ ovate; ftyle' fhort, tri¬ 
fid ; fiigmas blunt. Pericarpium : capfule coriaceous, 
turbinate-ovate, three-lobed, three-celled, three-valved. 
Seed : folitary, two in each cell, roundifh, with a bell- 
fhaped crenate aril embracing the feed like a calyx ; 
many of the flowers are abortive .—EJfential CharaBer. 
Calyx, five-leaved; petals, five, cowled at the top ; ftyle, 
trifid ; capfule, three-celled ; feeds, folitary, arilled. 
Species. 1. Cupania tomentofa, or rough cupania: 
leaves pinnate, obovate, retufe, ferruginous-tomentofe 
underneath. Jacquin delcribes his trigonis as afmall up¬ 
right tree, twelve feet in height; the younger branches 
and ribs of the leaves are flightly tomentofe ; leaves al¬ 
ternate, half a foot long; leaflets ufually three pairs, 
without an odd one, oblong, attenuated at the bafe, 
emarginate, ferrate, fmooth on the upper, tomentofe on 
the lower furface, alternate, the outer ones largeft, and 
frequently half a foot in length longer than the rib 5 ra¬ 
cemes Ample, ereCt, axillary, feven inches long ; the 
pedicels fhort; flowers fmall, numerous, with yellowifh 
petals, in the fliape of an ifofceles triangle inverted, 
whence the name trigonis. Native of Hifpaniola in woods. 
1. Cupania glabra, or fmooth cupania: leaves pin¬ 
nate, ovate, obtufe, crenate, fmooth. This fhrubby tree 
is common in the lower hills of Jamaica, where it is 
called Loblolly-tree. It riles to the height of twelve or 
fourteen feet; the leaves are large, and the wood foft 
and ufelefs. 
3. Cupania faponarioides, or foapy cupania: leaves 
pinnate, oblong, entire, rugged underneath. Native of 
the Weft Indies. 
CU'PAR, a town of Scotland, in the county of Fife; 
a royal borough, and the county town ; fituated near the 
river Eden : fifteen miles.fouth-eaft of Perth, and twenty- 
three north of Edinburgh. 
CU'PAR, a town of Scotland, in the county of An¬ 
gus, near the river Tay, on the borders of Perthfhire: 
thirteen miles fouth-weft of Forfar, and ten north-north- 
eaft of Perth. 
CUP'BOARD, f. [cup and bopb, Sax. a cafe or re¬ 
ceptacle.] A cafe with fhelves, in which victuals or 
Vol. V. No. 288, 
CUP 473 
earthen ware is placed.—Some trees are beft for planchers, 
as deal; fome for tables, cupboards, and defks, as walnut. 
Bacon. 
Yet their wine and their victuals thefe curmudgeon-lub- 
bards 
Lock up from my fight, in cellars and cupboards. Swift. 
To CUP'BOARD, v. a. To treafurein a cupboard ; 
to hoard up ; 
The belly did remain 
I’ th’ midft o’ th’ body, idle and unadive, 
Still cupboarding the viand, never bearing 
Like labour with the reft. Shakefpcare. 
CUPE'A, a town of European Turkey, in the pro¬ 
vince of Moldavia : twenty miles north of Suczava. 
CU'PEL, J'. A lhallow earthen veffel fomewhat re¬ 
fembling a cup, from which it derives its name. It is 
made of phofphorated lime, or the refidue of burned 
bones rammed into a mold, which gives it its figure. 
This veffel is ufed in allays wherein the precious metals 
are fufed with lead, which becomes converted into glafs, 
and carries the impure alloy with it. See Coppel. 
CUPEI-LA/TION,/! The refining of gold by fcori- 
fication with lead upon the cupel. See Chemistry, 
vol. iv. p. 189, 310. 
CU'PER (Gilbert), alearned philologift, born in 1644, 
at Hemmen in Guelderland. He received his academi¬ 
cal education at Nimeguen, but his attachment to polite 
literature induced him to finilh with the leisures of 
Gronovius at Leyden. At the age of twenty-five he 
was chofen profelfor of hiftory at Deventer, which poll 
he occupied with great reputation for many years. He 
was alfo raifed to the chief offices in the magiftracy of 
that city, and was feveral times entrufted with impor¬ 
tant commiffions by the Hates of Overyffel. He main¬ 
tained extenlive correfpondences with the literati of Eu¬ 
rope, by whom he was generally efteemed, as well for 
his polite and obliging difpoiition, as for his profound 
learning. The academy of inferiptions at Paris affo- 
ciated him as a foreign member. He died at Deventer 
in 1716. His principal works are, 1. Obfervations on 
various Greek and Latin Authors, in four Books, 1670, 
^78. 2. A Colle6Iion of ancient Monuments, particu¬ 
larly refpefting Harpocrates, and other Subjects relative 
to Egypt, 1687, 4to. 3. Explanation of the Apotheofts 
of Homer, 1683, 4to. 4. Hiftory of the Three Gordians, 
1697 ; all the above written in Latin. A number of his 
letters on literary topics have from time to time been 
publilhed; and a collection of them was printed in 4to. 
at Amfterdam in 1742. 
CUPERTI'NO, a town of Italy, in the kingdom of 
Naples, and province of Otranto : five miles and a half 
north-eaft of Nardo. 
CUPHE'A,/! in botany. See Lythrum. 
CU'PI,/. in botany. See Rondeletia. 
CU'PID, a celebrated deity among the ancients, god 
of love, and love itfelf. There are different traditions 
concerning his parents. Cicero mentions three Cupids ; 
one, fon of Mercury and Diana; another, fon of Mer¬ 
cury and Venus; and the third, of Mars and Venus. 
Plato mentions two. Hefiod, the molt ancient theogonift, 
fpeaks only of one, who, as he fays, was produced at the 
fame time as Chaos and the Earth. There are, accord¬ 
ing to the more received opinions, two Cupids, one of 
whom is a lively ingenious youth, fon of Jupiter and 
Venus ; whilft the other, fon of Nox and Erebus, is dif- 
tinguilhed by his debauchery and riotous difpoiition. 
Cupid is reprefented as a winged infant, naked, armed 
with a bow and a quiver full of arrows. On gems, and all 
otherpieces of antiquity, heis reprefented asamufinghim- 
felf with fome childilh diverfion. Sometimes he appears 
driving a hoop, throwing a quoit, playing with a nymph, 
catching a butterfly, or trying to burn with a torch ; at 
other times he plays upon a horn before his mother, or 
6 E clofeljr 
