515 C Y M 
with a proccfs on each fide of the bafe ; keel oblong, 
cleft at top and bottom, longer than the wings. Stamina : 
filaments diadelphous (fimple and nine-cleft) afeending; 
antherae roundilh. Piflillum: germ fuperior, ovate, com- 
preffed ; ftyle fnbttlate, afeending; ftigma fubcapitate. 
Pericarpium : legume ovate-oblong, comprefTed, one- 
celled. Seeds: two, oval.— Effential Character. Calyx, 
very large, four-parted; the upper divifion cleft at the 
end; corolla permanent. 
Cylifta villofa, or hairy cylifta, is the only fpecies 
known. It flowers in April and May, and was intro¬ 
duced in 1776, but from what country is not known. It 
is a fhrub, and requires the heat of a (love to preferve it. 
CYLI.O'SIS, f. [from y.vKXoa, to make lame.] A 
lamenefs, proceeding from a luxation which bends out¬ 
ward and is hollowed inward. 
CYMA'R,/i [properly written Jima'r.) A flight co¬ 
vering ; a fcarf: 
Her comely limbs compos’d with decent cure., 
Her body (haded with a flight cymar ; 
Her bofom to the view was only bare. Dryden. 
CYMA'TIUM, Cyma, or Gima, in architecture, 
a member or moulding of the cornice, whole profile is 
waved, i. e. concave at the top, and convex at the bot¬ 
tom. See Architecture, vol. ii. p. 99.—In a cornice 
the gola or cymatium of the corona, the coping, and the 
modillions, make a noble flievv by their graceful projec¬ 
tions. Spectator. 
CYMATO'DES, f. [from y.va, to pour out.] An 
epithet applied to the pulfe when it fluctuates like water 
poured out of a bottle. 
CYMBACH'NE, J. [from xv^Gvi, a boat, and avrn, a 
glume or chaff.] In botany, a genus of the clafs polyga- 
mia, order monoecia, natural order gramina, or grades. 
The generic characters are—I. Hermaphrodite flowers. 
Calyx : glume two-valved, one-flowered, fo placed that 
each valve is prefled dole to the rachis and parallel, not 
one hid by the other; outer valve linear, blunt, ciliate 
at the back ; inner equal in length, femiovate, acute, 
boat-lhaped, very much comprefled, ftriated, coloured, 
ciliate at the back, inclofing the corolla. Corolla: two. 
glumed, hyaline, fmaller than the calyx. Stamina: fila¬ 
ments three; antherae black. Piflillum: germ minute; 
flyle fimple; ftigmas two, black-bearded. II. Female 
flowers. Calyx-one-valved, ovate, (lightly bifid at the 
tip, ciliate at the edge, oppolite to the rachis, preffed 
dole. Corolla : none. Piflillum : as in the hermaphro¬ 
dite, but with longer ftigmas.— EJfential Chara&er. In¬ 
florescence half-fpiked. Hermaphrodite. Calyx, two- 
glumed, one-flowered, parallel to the rachis, outer valve 
linear, the oppolite boat-form. Female. Calyx, one- 
glumed, ovate, oppofite to the rachis. 
Cynibachne ciliuta, the only fpecies known, is a (len¬ 
der grafs, a foot in height, with leveral culms, fimple or 
branched, with a Angle leaf or leaflefs; leaf fhort, (len¬ 
der, ciliate on the edge above the (heath with long fepa- 
rate hairs; fheath truncate, with a pale brown mouth, 
and ciliate ; fpikes two terminating, linear, an inch and 
a half long, a line broad, fome hermaphrodite, others fe¬ 
male ; rachis linear, membranaceous, flat behind, with 
three longitudinal ftreaks, alternately and flexuofely hol¬ 
lowed out in froot. Native of Bengal, where it was found 
by Konig. 
CYM'BAL, J. [from the Gr. y.vfj.GaKov, Lat. cy/nba- 
turn.'] A nmlical inlirument ufed by the ancients. Syl- 
burgius derives the word from three leveral roots, viz. 
from xvipo?, crooked ; from xvttsXXov, a cup ; and (puyr,, a 
voice. Ifiodore derives it from cum and ballmatica, an 
immodeft dance ufed to accompany this inftrument. The 
real etymology appears to be from r.vploo{, a cavity. 
The cymbal was of brafs, like our kettle-drums; and, 
as fome think, re fe mb ling them in their form, but fmaller, 
and applied to a different ufe. Cafliodorus and Ifiodore 
call it acetabulum, the name of a cup or cavity of a bone 
C, Y M 
wherein another is articulated ; and Xenophon compares 
it to a horfe’s hoof: whence it muff have been hollow ; 
which appears, too, from the figure of feveral other things 
denominated from it; as abafin, caldron, goblet, cafque; 
and even a (hoe, fuch as thole of Empedocles, which 
were of brafs. In reality, the ancient cymbals appear 
to have been very different from our kettle-drums, and 
their ufe of another kind: to their exterior cavity was 
fattened a handle ; whence Pliny compares them to the 
upper part of the thigh, coxendicibus ; and Rabanus to 
phials. They were (truck againft one another, in ca¬ 
dence, and made a very acute found. Their invention 
w as attributed to Cybele ; w hence their ufe in feafts and 
lacrifices : fetting afide this occafion, they were feldom 
ufed but by diflolute and effeminate people. M. Lampe, 
w'ho has written exprefsly on the fubject, attributes the 
invention to the Curetes, or inhabitants of mount Ida, 
in Crete : it is certain thefe, as well as the Corybantes, 
or guards of the kings of Crete, and thofe of Rhodes, 
and Samothracia, were reputed to excel in the mufic of 
the cymbal. The cymbals of Bacchus were two final! 
brats veflels, fomewhat in the form of a fhield, which, 
being (truck together by the liands, gave a found. The 
well-known flattie of the dancing faun has one of thefe in 
each hand. The J ews too had their cymbals, which they 
called QFAx,, or Q'nbvn ; or, at lead inftruments, which 
the Greek, Latin, and Englifh, tranilators, render cym¬ 
bals-, for, as to their matter, form, &c. the critics are 
wholly in the dark. 
The modern cymbal is a mean inftrument, chiefly in 
life among vagrants, gypfies, &c. It confifts of (teel 
wire, in a triangular form, whereon are palled five rings, 
which are touched'and drifted along the triangle with an 
iron rod held in the left hand, while it is fupported in 
the right by a ring, to give it the freer motion. Duran- 
dus fays, that the monks ufed the word cymbal for the 
cloifter-bell, ufed to call them to the refectory. The 
brazen cymbals have long been ufed by the Turks, and 
from them were lately introduced into our Britifli mili¬ 
tary bands. Being (truck forcibly againft each other, 
they make a clalhing clangorous noife, well adapted to 
the din of war. 
CYMBALA'RIA,yi in botany. See Antirrhinum 
and Saxifraga. 
CYM'BALIST, f. [>cv^€aAir«f, of ct^aAoy, Gr.] A 
player on a cymbal. 
CYMBA'RIA, f. [from y.vy.Qvi, Gr. a boat, the fruit 
being boat-lhaped.] In botany, a genus of the clafs di- 
dynamia, order angiofpermia, natural order perfUnatae. 
The generic characters are—Calyx : perianthium ten¬ 
toothed, ereCt ; two oppolite teeth ftronger and more 
fpreading; the reft erect, linear, permanent. Corolla ; 
one-petalled, ringent; tube.oblong, bellied; border two. 
lipped ; upper lip tw r o-parted, reflex, obtufe ; lower lip 
three-cleft, obtufe. Stamina : filaments four, length of 
the tube ; anthera two-cleft, prominent. Piftillum : 
germ ovate ; ftyle filiform, length of the ftamens, tip in¬ 
curved ; ftigma obtufe. Pericarpium: capfule ovate, 
one-celled, two-valved, (fubcordate, membranaceous, 
two-celled, Gcrtner ;) receptacle quadrangular, (kidney- 
form, very large, Gcrtner .) Seeds : very many, cornered, 
fmooth, (comprefled, Gcrtner.) The calyx alone ealily 
diftinguilhes the genus from all others.— EJfential Charac¬ 
ter. Calyx, ten-toothed ; capfule, cordate, two-celled. 
There is only one fpecies, Cyntbaria Daurica, or Dau- 
rian cymbaria. The whole plant is hoary, and nearly 
allied to antirrhinum ; branches oppofite, barren ; flow¬ 
ers lateral, very few, fubfellile, large 5 upper lip of the 
corolla vaulted ; lower equal; palate gibbous; capfule 
(lender, brow n-bay, marked with a deep groove on each 
fide, gaping only on the edge ; when it is ripe the valves 
become narrower than the receptacle ; partition contrary 
to the valves ; feeds from twelve to fixteen in each cell, 
oblong, with an irregular membranous edge, of a bay co¬ 
lour. Native of the mountains of Dauria, in Siberia. 
CY'ME, 
