520 
C Y N 
fceut which common hound’s-tongue has. The item has 
a flighty hairinefs ; the flowers are blue and fmaller. 
bound in feveral parts of Germany and Swifferland ; 
with us in the London road between Kelvedon and 
•A ithailij but more plentifully about Braxted; about 
T orcefter; about South-end, by Eltham; beyond Wal- 
tham-abbey, towards Harlow ; Norbury, near Leather- 
head, in Surrey : flowering in April and May. 
2. Cynogloffum Virginicum, or Virginian hound’s- 
tongue : leaves fpatulate-lanceolate, lucid, three-nerved 
at the bafe ; bracte ol the peduncles llem-clafping. This 
riles with an upright branching Hera near four feet high ; 
this and the leaves are covered with rough hairs ; the 
branches are Ipread out on every fide, and are but thinly 
lurnilhed with leaves, from three to near four inches in 
length, and little more than an inch broad in the middle, 
gradually lelfening to both ends ; they embrace the Item, 
and are alternate. The flowers grow fcatteringly to¬ 
wards the ends of the branches ; they are fmall and 
white, appear in June, and are fucceeded by four fmall 
feeds, which ripen in autumn, and then the plants de¬ 
cay. Native of Virginia and other parts of North Ame¬ 
rica. Linnaeus thinks that it is fcarcely a diltinff: fpe¬ 
cies from the loregoing, from which it differs only in 
having the upper furface of the leaves Alining. 
3. Cynogloffum cheirifolium, or filvery-leaved hound’s- 
tongue : corollas twice the length of the calyx ; leaves 
lanceolate. Root perennial, branched ; (leras feveral, a 
loot high, round, branching; leaves half ftem-clafping, 
obverlely lanceolate, or fpatulate, quite entire, covered 
on both tides with a white lilvery down, but having none 
ol tlie tubercles, which occafion the roughnefs in the firft 
fpecies; flowers in racemes, without any braiffes; corol¬ 
las white, with red, blue, or purple, veins. Native of 
Sllefia, Carniola, Italy, the fouth of France, Spain, Gi¬ 
braltar, and the Levant. It flowers in June and July. 
4. Cynogloflum Apenninum, or Apennine hound's- 
tongue : ftamens equalling the corolla. The leaves of 
ttiis are much larger, the petal of the flower much 
fhorter, and the ftature taller, than the flrfl; fort; it alfo 
flowers earlier. Gaertner thus deferibes the feeds : 
Four nuts, with a leathery cruft, fixed to a pyramidal 
receptacle, of an ovate-acuminate form, flattifh on the 
upper furface, (which is even deprefted in old feeds,) 
muricated, with ereiff little prickles, but gibbous below 
and on the fides, roughened with ftiarp dots, pale ftraw- 
tolour ; feed large, obovate-beaked, below the beak urn- 
bilicated, of a brown colour. Native of the Apennines; 
cultivated in 1731 by Mr. Miller. It flowers from April 
to June, and is biennial. 
5. Cynogloflum laevigatum, or fmooth hound’s-tongue: 
leaves lanceolate-ovate, fmoothifh ; calyxes tomentofe ; 
feeds gloffy. Stem ereiff, a foot in height, ftriated, pa- 
nicled at the top. Native of Siberia. 
6. Cynoglolfum Lufitanicum, or Portugal hound’s- 
tongue, or Venus’s navel-wort : leaves heart-fliaped, 
ftem-clafping, fmooth, even about the edge. This whole 
plant is very fmooth; ftem erect, a foot high, round; 
branches axillary, alternate, quite Ample ; leaves an inch 
long, gradually fmaller upwards, blunt, veinlefs, glau¬ 
cous-green, nearly of the fame form with thofe of braf- 
fica orientalis; racemes from the end of the ftem and 
branches, without braiffes, a hand or more in length. 
Calyx deeply five-cleft ; fegments lanceolate, two of 
them fomewhat fmaller than the reft; they are a little 
larger than in cynogloflum linifolium, without any hairi¬ 
nefs. Corolla as in cynogloffum linifolium, with which 
this plant has been confounded, though they ‘were dif- 
ingmfhed by Tournefort, the Linnasan character agree¬ 
ing indifferently to either, and being much alike in habit 
and ftru£tare. Native of Portugal. 
7. Cynogloffum linifolium,. or flax-leaved hound’s- 
tongue, or Venus’s navel-wort: leaves linear lanceolate, 
fmooth, toothletted, and rugged about the edge. 'This 
fddom riles more than five or fix inches high ; the (talks 
C Y N 
do net branch near fo much as thofe of the preceding.. 
The leaves are very narrow' and long, of a greyifh co¬ 
lour and fmooth. Native of Portugal. 
8. Cynogloffum omphalodes, or comfrey - leaved 
hound’s-tongue: creeping; root-leaves cordate. Root 
perennial; branches trailing, and putting out roots from 
the joints ; leaves bright green, on long (lender foot- 
(talks ; flowers limped like thofe of borage, but fmaller, 
and of a lively blue colour. Native of the fouth of Eu¬ 
rope, in woods ; flowering about- Chriftmas-, Cultivated 
in 1633 : and flowering here from March to May. 
9. Cynogloffum Japonicum, or Japan hound’s-tongue; 
leaves oblong, villofe; Items proftrate. Root annualp 
Items four or five, round, villofe, ftexuofe, and ereiff, 
unequal. Native of Japan. 
10. Cynogloffum piCffum, or painted hound’s-tongue • 
Corollas nearly equal to the calyx ; fegments roundifh- 
dilated ; leaves lanceolate, tomentofe, the upper ones 
cordate at the bafe. Leaves much fhorter, fofeer, and 
more hoary, than thofe of the common fort; (terns a foot 
and a half in height, more branched ; feeds fmaller. It 
refembles the common fpecies fo much, that it is no 
wonder they have been confounded by thofe who have 
not feen both. It agrees in habit, fize, and manner of 
growth, but differs in having the leaves not narrowed at 
the bafe, but cordate ; and the flowers pale blue, or pale 
purple, beautifully painted with darker veins; peren¬ 
nial, and flowering in Auguft. Native of the fouth of 
Europe and of Barbary ; alfo of Madeira. Mr. Miller 
fays it grows naturally in Andalufia, and that he received 
the feeds from Gibraltar. 
11. Cynogloffum lanceolatum, or fpear-fhaped hound’s- 
tongue : leaves Lanceolate, drawn to a point at both ends, 
rugged, with dots on the upper furface. This has the 
appearance of the common fort, but differs from it in 
having all the leaves (harp at both ends. Native of 
Egypt. 
12. Cynogloffum myofotoides, or moufe-ear hound’s- 
tongue : arils bafket-lhaped, fmooth, ftriated, tubercled, 
toothed on the edge ; leaves hairy, tubercled, entire ; 
root-leaves fpatulate-lanceolate. Root perennial; (leras 
ufually feveral, filiform, afeending, fcarcely half a foot 
high, hairy, ufually Ample. Native of Mount Lebanus, 
or Lebanon, on the very fummit. 
Propagation and Culture. The firft fort, being a com¬ 
mon weed, is not admitted into gardens ; it is fometimes 
gathered in the fields by the herbarifts. The 6th and 
7th are annual plants, commonly fown in gardens, with 
other low annual flowers, to adorn the borders of the 
flower-garden ; but the feeds fhould be fown in autumn, 
for thofe which are fown in the fpring often fail, efpe- 
cially in dry feafons; and the autumnal plants always grow 
much larger, and flower earlier. The feeds fhould be 
fown where the plants are defigned to remain, for they 
do not bear tranfplanting, unlefs it be performed whilft 
they are young. The plants require no other culture 
but to be thinned where they are too clofe, and kept 
clean from weeds- They flower in June and July ; and 
the autumnal plants come a month earlier. The feeds 
ripen in autumn. The 8th propagates very faft by its 
trailing roots, which require to be kept within compafs ; 
on this account it feldom produces feeds; it delights in 
a moift cool fituation. See Bgraco, Myosotis, and 
PULMONARI/Y. 
CYNOMF.'TR A, f. [from xvuv and jxnrga, vulva ca¬ 
ms.] In botany, a genus of the clafs decandria, order 
monogynia, natural order leguminofae, (Juffieu.) The 
generic charaffers are—Calyx : perianthium four-leaved, 
oblong, reflex, length of the corolla. Corolla : petals 
five, lanceolate, equal, acute. Stamina : filaments ten, 
twice the length of the corolla; antherre oval, two. 
cleft at the tip. Piftillum : germ boat-form ; ftyle fili¬ 
form, length of the ftamens; ftigma Ample. Pericar- 
pium: legume crefcent-fliaped, compreifed, flefliy, tiu. 
bcrculale'. Seed : Angle, kidney-form, large .—-EJJhntiai 
Ckaracler , 
