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5j0 
his command. lie was soon found to have engaged in a 
confpiracy againft: the life of his elder brother, Arta- 
xerxes Mnemon, who condemned him to death ; but on 
his mother’s interceflion, was contented with banifhing 
him to his provinces. It was not long before he refum¬ 
ed his ambitious and guilty projects, and he fecretly 
employed Clearchus, a Lacedemonian general, to engage 
a body of Greek mercenaries in his fervice. A quarrel 
with Tiffaphernes, a neighbouring fatrap, enabled him 
to conceal his defign, and he pretended that his levies 
of troops w ere meant only to a£t againft that governor. 
Having at length collected a force of 13,000 Greeks, 
and ioo,oco foldiers of other nations, with a confiderable 
fleet, he proceeded eat!wards, and he had arrived at 
Tarfus, in Cilicia, before his army knew whither lie was 
marching them. The Greeks then fufpe£ted his real 
intentions, and refufed to advance further. Through 
the influence of Clearchus, and magnificent promiles, 
they were at laft perfuaded to proceed againft the great 
king, and all the force of the Periian empire, now- 
alarmed, and prepared for reliftance. Cyrus ingratiated 
himfelf w ith his troops on the march, by extraordinary 
kindnefs and affability ; indeed he feems to have baen 
particularly attached to the Greek nation, from which lie 
had chofen his favourite concubine, the charming Afpa- 
fia, On tl'.e plains of Cunaxa, in the province of Ba¬ 
bylon, he came in fight of Artaxerxes at the head of a 
hoft, which is numbered at. 900,000 men. Cyrus dif- 
dained the advice of C learchus, to remain in the rear of 
the Greeks, but pofted himfelf in the van. The Greeks 
eafily overthrew all that oppofed them, and their fuccefs 
appeared fo decilive, that he was fainted king by thofe 
around him. But perceiving the horfe guards of Arta¬ 
xerxes wheeling about to attack him, lie made a furious 
charge upon them with fix hundred chofen cavalry, and 
with his own hand killed their captain. His brother’s 
perfon was now expofed to view ; and Cyrus exclaim¬ 
ing, “ I fee him,” ruffled on to the encounter with all 
the fury of fraternal hatred and rivalry. He unhorfed 
the king, twice wounded him, and was about to repeat 
the ftroke, when he fell under a fhower of darts. The 
king himfelf boafted of giving him his death-wound, 
though a Carian foldier, and a Perfian- nobleman, alfo 
claimed that honour. The friends of Cyrus refilled to 
furvive him, and were (lain by his fide. This battle is 
fuppofed to have been fought 400 years before Chrift. 
CY'RUS, a river of weftern Hindooftan, now called 
Kur. 
CYSS 0 'TI 5 ,yi [from y.vaoc, the anus.] An inflam¬ 
mation of the anus. 
CYST, or Cys'tis , f. [v.vri;, Gr.] A bag contain¬ 
ing fome morbid matter..—In taking it out, the cyjlis 
broke, and fhew r ed itfelf by its matter to be a meliceris. 
Wifeman. —There may be a confumption, with a purulent 
fpitting, wlien the vomica is contained in a cyjl or bag ; 
upon the breaking of which the patient is commonly 
fuffocated. Arbuthnot. 
CYSTEOLI'THUS , J. [from y.vri;, the bladder, and 
7 u 0 o?, a ltone.] The ftone in the bladder. 
CYS'TIC, adj. [from cyjl, a bag.] Contained in a 
bag.—The bile is of two forts: the cy/lic, or that con¬ 
tained in the gall-bladder, a fort of repofitory for the 
gall ; or the hepatic, or what flows immediately from 
the liver. Arbuthnot. 
CYSTICAP'NOS, f. in botany. See Fumaria. 
CYSTIPHLO'GIA, J. [from y.vri;, the'bladder, and 
tpMyu, to burn.] An inflammation of the bladder. 
CYSTI'TICITS, f. [from y.vrin an inflammation of 
the bladder.] A fuppreflion of urine from an inflamma¬ 
tion of the bladder is called ifehuria cyjiitica. 
CYSTI'TIS,/ [from the bladder.] Aninflam- 
mation of the bladder. 
CYS'TOCELE,/i [from y.vri;, the bladder, and unto, 
a tumour.] A hernia formed by the protrufion of the 
bladder. 
a 
e y t 
CVS t OLI'THICUS, f. [from y.vri;, the bladder, amS 
Xiflo?, a ftone.] A fuppreflion of urine from a ftone in the 
bladder is called ifehuria cyjlolilhka. 
C\ S 1 OPHLE'G ICUS,/. [from v.vr1;, the bladder, and 
(ptoyy, to burn.]; A fuppreflion of urine from an inflam¬ 
mation of the bladder is called ifehuria cyjiophleeica. 
CYSTOPHLEGMA'TICA, f. [from y.vri;, the blad¬ 
der, and (pMyjA.cc, phlegm.] A fuppreflion of urine front 
too much matter or mucus in the bladder is called ifehu¬ 
ria cyflophlegmatica. 
C\ S I OPROC'TICA, f. [trom y.vri;, tlie bladder,, 
and 'Trgiex.To;, the anus or rectum.] A fuppreflion of urine 
from pain in the bladder, caufed by wind, inflammation 
of the rectum, hardened faeces, See. is called ifehuria cyjlo- 
proBica. 
CYS i OPTO'SIS, f. [from y.vri;, the bladder, and 
iriie ro, to fall.] A protrufion of the inner membrane of 
the bladder tlirough the urethra. 
CYSTOSPAS'TICUS, J. [from y.vri;, tire bladder, 
and cvraayxa, afpafm.] A fuppreflion of urine from a 
fpafm in the fphinCter of the bladder, is called ifehuria 
cyjlofpafica. 
CYSTOSPY'ICUS ,/. [from y.vpe, the bladder, and 
ttvov, pus.] A fuppreflion of urine from purulent matter 
in the bladder is called ifehuria cyjlqfpyica. It fliouid be 
written cyjlopyicus. 
CYSTOTHROMBOI'DES, f [from y.vri;, the blad¬ 
der, and Qqojj.Qoc, a coagulation of blood.] A fuppreflion 
ot urine from a concretion of grumous blood in the blad¬ 
der is called ifehuria cyjlothromboides. 
CYSTO'TOMY, f. [from y.vri;, the bladder, and 
rejj.va, to cut.] The act or practice of opening ineyfted 
tumours, or cutting the ferotum or bag in which any 
morbid matter is contained. 
CY'THERA, an ifland on the coaft of Laconia in Pe- 
loponnefus. It was particularly facred to the goddefs 
Venus, who was from thence furnamed Cythersea, and 
who rofe, as fome fuppofe, from the fea, near its coafts- 
It was under the power of the Argives. The Phoenicians 
built there a famous temple to Venus. Virgil. 
CY'TINUS, y. The Hypocistis ; a genus of the 
clafs gynandria, order o&andtia, natural order ariftolo- 
chis. (Juflieu.) Tlie generic characters are—Calyx: 
periantinum one-leafed, tubular-bell-form, permanent; 
tube cylindric ; border patulous, four-parted, fomewhat 
obtufe, coloured. Corolla: none. Stamina : fixteen ; fila¬ 
ments none; anthers oblong, growing to the tip of the ftyle 
under tlie ftigma, oblong, two-valved. Piftillum: germ 
inferior, rounded ; ftyle cylindric, length almoft of the ca¬ 
lyx ; ftigma eight-cleft, gibbous, obtufe. Pericarpium : 
berry crowned, roundilh, coriaceous, eight-celled. Seeds : 
numerous, minute, roundilh.— EJfential. CkaraBer . Style, 
one; calyx, four-cleft, fuperior; corolla, none; anthers 
fixteen, feflile; berry eight-celled, with many feeds. 
Cytinus hvpociftis, or rape of ciftus, tlie only fpecies 
known, is a parafitical plant, growing at the roots of the 
ciftus; leaves feflile, clofely imbricate; flowers termi¬ 
nating, heaped. Below the flower are two oppolite 
feales, becoming purple by age. The colour of the 
flower itfelf is dirty yellow. The number of antherae, 
and the divifions of the ftigma, vary ; the number of the 
anthers is double the divifions of the ftigma. Annual. 
Native of tlie county of Nice, Spain, Portugal, and 
Barbary. 
CY'TISO-GENIS'TA,_/i in botany. See Spartium. 
CY'TISUS, J. [faid by Pliny to have beea firft found 
in the ifie of Cythnus ; whence it is fuppofed to have de¬ 
rived its name.] The Trefoil-Tree ; a genus of the 
clafs diadelphia, order decandria, natural order papilio- 
naces, or leguminofs. The generic characters are—. 
Calyx : perianthium one-leafed, bell-form, fliort, ob¬ 
tufe at the bafe; mouth two-lipped; upper lip two- 
cleft, acuminate ; lower three-toothed. Corolla: papi¬ 
lionaceous; ft.andard ovate, riling upwards, fides reflex; 
wings the length of the Itandard, ftraight, obtufe ; keel 
fome wiu 
