5.58 
DIB 
DADIVA'N, a plain of Perfia, about five leagues‘in 
circumference, between Schiras and Lar, covered with 
trees of oranges, citrons, and pomegranates, to which 
the Englilh and Dutch merchants of Onnus generally 
retire in the fummer. 
D ADLEMUL'LET, a town of-Africa, in the king¬ 
dom of Kontu. 
DA'DO,yi [Ital. a die.] The cubic part of the pe- 
deftal of a column, or of a ftatue, included between the 
bafe and the entablement. That part Of the pedeftal of 
A pilafier, which correfponds with the dado in Solid work. * 
That part of the wainfeotting, or ftucco work, which is 
a lateral prolongation of the dadg'ol 'a pilafierr that is, 
the fpace included between the foot-board ana the cor- 
nifh of the wainfeotting. 
DADU'CHI,yi in antiquity, a name'for the priefts of 
Ceres. The Athenians alfo gave the menu' de due kus to 
the high-prieft of Hercules. 
t)ADU'CHI, f [from the Greek a refinous kind 
of wood of which the ancients made torches, and to 
hold.] Torch-bearers; the priefts of Cybele, who ran 
aboutr the temple with lighted torches in their hands. 
DfE'DAL, adj. \_dadalus, Lat.] Various; variegated. 
Skilful: this is not the true meaning, nor fhould be 
imitated: 
Nor hath 
The daedal hand df nature only pour’d 
Her gifts of outward grace. Philips. 
DfiE'DALA, a mountain and city of I.ycia, where 
ID redalus was buried, according to Pliny.—Alio twofef- 
tivals in Boeotia, fo called ; one of them obferved at 
Alalcomenos by the Plataeans in a large grove, where 
they expofed in the open air pieces of boiled flefli, and 
carefully obferved whither the crows that came to prey 
upon them directed their flight. All the trees upon 
which any of thefe birds alighted were immediately cut 
down, and with them ftatues were made, called Dadala, 
in honour of Daedalus. The other fefti.val was of a more 
folemn kind. It was celebrated every fixty years by all 
the cities of Bceotia, as a compenfation for the inter- 
miflion of the fmaller feftivals, for that number of years, 
during the exile of the Plataeans. Fourteen of the fta¬ 
tues called Dadala were diftributed by lot among the 
Plataeans, Lebadaeans, Coroneans, Orchomenians, Thef- 
pians, Thebans, Tanagroeans, and Chaeroneans,* becaufe 
they had etfedted a reconciliation among the Plataeans, 
and caufed them to be recalled from exile about the time 
that Thebes was reftored by Callander the Ion of Anti- 
paten During this feftival a woman in the habit of a 
bridemaid accompanied a ftatue which was drelfed in 
female garments, on the banks of the Eurotes. This 
proceftion was attended to the top af mount Cithseron 
by many of the Boeotians, who had places afligned them 
by lot. Here an altar of fquare pieces of wood cemented 
together like ftones was eredbed, and upon it were thrown 
large quantities of combuftible materials. Afterwards 
a bull was facrificed to Jupiter, and an ox or heifer to 
Juno, by every one of the cities of Bceotia, and by the 
moft opulent that attended. The pooreft citizens of¬ 
fered fmall cattle ; and all thefe oblations, together with 
the Daedala, were thrown into the common heap and fet 
on fire, and totally reduced to allies. They originated 
in this : when Juno, after a quarrel with Jupiter, had 
retii'ed to Eubcea, and refufed to return to his bed, the 
god, anxious for her return, went to confuit Citliae- 
ron king of Plataea, to find fome effedtual meaiure to 
break her obftinacy. Cithaeron adviled him to drefs a 
ftatue in woman’s apparel, and carry it in a chariot, and 
publicly to report it was Plataea the daughter of Afo- 
pus, whom he was going to marry. The advice was fol¬ 
lowed ; and Juno, informed of her hufb.ind’s future mar.- 
riuge, repaired in hafte to meet the chariot, and was eafiiy 
united to him, when flie difeovered the artful meafures 
he made ufe of to efteft a"reconciliation. 
D IE M 
DSEDATION, in fabulous hiftory, a fon of Lucifer, 
brother to Ceyx, and father of Philonis.- He was fo af¬ 
flicted at the .death of Philonis, whom' Diana had put to 
death, that he threw himlelf down from the top of mount 
Parnafltisy.and waschanged into a falcon by Apollo; Ovid. 
D^E'DALUS, an Athenian, Ion of Eupalamus, de- 
- feended from Erichtheas king of Athens, Fie was the 
moft ingeniuos artift of his age ; and to him we are in¬ 
debted tor the invention of the wedge, and many other 
mechanical inftruments, and the fails of (hips. He made 
i 'ftatues. which moved of themfelves, and feenied to be 
endowed with life. Talus, his filter’s fon, promifed to 
be as great.as himfelf by the ingenuity of his inventions; 
and therefore from envy he threw him'down from a win¬ 
dow and killed him. After the murder of this youth, 
Daedalus, with his fon Icarus, fled from Athens to Crete, 
where Minos king of the country gave him a cordial re¬ 
ception. Daedalus made a famous labyrinth for Minos, 
apd aflifted Pafiphae, the queen, to gratify her unnatural 
yaffion for a bull. For this action Daedalus incurred the 
difplealure of Minos, who ordered him to be confined in 
the labyrinth which he had conftructed. Here he made 
himfelf wings with feathers and wax, and carefully fit¬ 
ted them to his body and that of his fon, who was the 
companion of his confinement. They took their flight 
in the air from Crete; but the hfeat of the fun melted 
the wax on the wings of Icarus, whofe flight was too 
high, and he fell into that part of the ocean which from 
him has been called the Icarian Sea. The father, by a 
proper management of his wings, alighted at Cumae, 
where.he built a temple to Apollo, and thence directed 
his courfe to Sicily, where he was kindly received by 
Cocalus, who reigned over part of the country. He left 
many monuments of his ingenuity in Sicily, which ft ill 
exifted in the age of Diodorus Siculus. He was dif- 
patched by Cocalus, who was afraid of the power of 
Minos, who had declared war againft him becaufe he 
had given an afylurn to Daedalus. The flight of Dteda- 
lus from Crete with wings is explained by obferving' 
that he was the inventor of fails, which in his age might 
pals at a diftance for wings. He lived 1400 years before 
the Chriftian era.—There were two ftatuaries of the fame 
•name ; one of Sicyon fon of Patroclus; the other a na¬ 
tive of Bithynia. 
D^E'MON,y] [ Hcci[/,cin>, Gr. J A name given by the an¬ 
cients to certain Ipirits or genii, which they fay appeared 
to men, either to do them fervice or to hurt them. The 
Greek word v is derived (according to Plato, in his 
Cratylus, p. 398. ed Serrani, vol. i.) from fray know¬ 
ing or intelligent; but, according to others,* from istio- 
f'.au, to diftribute; (fee the Scholiaft on Homer, II. i. 
ver. 222.) Either of thefe derivations agrees with the 
office aferibed to daemons by the ancient heathens, as 
the fpirit entrufted with the infpedlion and government 
of mankind. For, according to the philosophers, dae¬ 
mons held a middle rank between the celeftial gods and 
men on earth, and carried on all intercourfe between 
them ; conveying the addrefles of men to the gods, and 
the divine benefits to men. It was the opinion of many, 
that the celeftial divinities did not themfelves interpole 
in human affairs, but committed the entire adminiftra- 
tion of the government of this lower world to tlrefe fu- 
baltern deities. Flence Plato in his Sympofiacs, “ Every 
daemon is a middle being between God and mortal man.” 
“ God is not approached by man ; but all the commerce 
and intercourfe between gods and men is by the media¬ 
tion of daemons.” To the fame effect fays Apuleius : 
Neque enim pro majefiate deum catlejtium fuent, hose curare ; 
(Apuleius de deo Socraiis, p. 677.) Cuncla ccelejlium volun- 
tate, Tannine & autkoritate, Jed deemonum objequio , & opera & 
minifierio fieri arbitrandum efi ; (Id. p. 673.) “ It would 
•not become the majefty of the gods to regard thefe 
things. We are to think that all things are done by the 
will, power, and authority, of the celeftial gods, but yet 
by the obedience, fervice, and miniftry,of daemons.” Hence 
they 
