574* DAM 
rifon Tallying out-on a part of his camp guarded by 200 
elephants, fo terrified thofe animals by their fire-arms, 
that they turned on their mafters, and trampled to death 
half his army : fifty-three miles fouth of Surat, and twen¬ 
ty-five fouth-weft of Durrampour. Lat. 20. 18. N. Ion. 
72. 48. E. Greenwich. 
DAMAZA'N, a town of France, in the department 
of the Lot and Garonne, and chief place of a canton, in 
the diftrict of Caftel Jaloux : two leagues eaft of Caftel 
Jaloux. 
DAM'BACH, a town of France, in the department of 
the Lower Rhine : fix leagues and a half fouth-fouth- 
wefl of Straflnirg. 
DAM'BACH, a town of Germany, in the archduchy 
of Auftria : eight miles e.cft-fouth-eaft of Freuftadt. 
DAMBAN'NA, a town of Africa, in the kingdom of 
Kontu. 
DAM'BEK, or Damke, a town of Germany, in the 
circle of Upper Saxony, and Old Mark of Brandenburg : 
four miles fouth of Saltwedel. 
DAMBI.A'IN, a town of France, in the department 
of the Vofges, and chief place of a canton, in the diftrict 
of La Marche : five miles eaft of La Marche. 
DAMBROUC'Z A, a town of Poland, in the palati¬ 
nate of Lemberg : eight miles north-call of Lemberg. 
DAME,y. [ dame Fr. dama. Span.] A lady; the old 
title of honour to women.—The word dame originally 
fignified a miftrefs of a family, who was a lady ; and it is 
ufed ftill in the Englifh law to fignify a lady : but in 
common life, now-a-days, it represents a farmer’s wife, 
or a miftrefs of a family of the lower rank in the country. 
Watts. 
Not all thefe lords do vex me half fo much 
As that proud dame, the lord proteftor’s wife. Shakefp. 
Sov’reign of creatures, univerfal dame! Milton. 
It is ftill ufed in poetry for women of rank: 
Who would not repeat that blifs. 
And frequent fight of fuch a dame 
Buy with the hazard of his fame ? Waller. 
Miftrefs of a low family.—They killed the poor cock; 
for, fay they, if it were not for his waking our dame, (he 
would not wake us. L'EJlrange. —Women in general: 
We’ve willing dames enough ; there cannot be 
That vulture in you, to devour fo many 
As will to greatnefs dedicate themfelves. Shakejpcare. 
DAMES-VIOLET, f. in botany', a plant, called alfo 
queen’s gillyflower. See Hesperis. 
DA'MEL, or Kayo, a country of Africa, on the coaft 
the Atlantic, between the rivers Senegal and Gambia. 
DA'MELEN, a town of Germany, in the circle of 
Upper Saxony, and Middle Mark of Brandenburg: fix 
miles weft of Belitz. 
DAME'RIE, a town of France, in the department of 
the Marne, and chief place of a canton, in the diftrict of 
Epernay : one league and a half weft of Epernay. 
DA'MERSHEIM, a town of Germany, in the circle 
of Bavaria, and principality of Neuburg : ten miles north- 
weft of Neuburg. 
DAM'GARTEN, a town of Germany, in the circle 
of Upper Saxony, and duchy of Pomerania, on the Reck- 
nitz ; taken by the Swedes in 1630, retaken by the ini- 
perialifts in 1637, and reftored to the Swedes in 1638: 
twenty-two miles fouth-weft of Stralfund. 
DAMELO'PRE, f. A bilander, ufed in Holland for 
conveying merchandize from one canal to another; being- 
very commodious for pafling under the bridges. 
DA'MIANISTS,/ in church hiftory, a branch of the 
ancient a ephali-feveritae. They agreed with the catho¬ 
lics in admitting the fixth council, but difowned any dif- 
tinction of perfons in the Godhead ; and profelfed one 
Tingle nature, incapable oTany difference : yet they called 
God “ the Father, Son, and Holy Ghoft.” 
DAMIA'NO (Peter,) a cardinal, born at Ravenna, in 
4 
D A M 
the beginning'of the eleventh century. .He derived his 
defeent from an honourable family, and enjoyed tire ad¬ 
vantages of a good education, which he improved with 
diligence, until he obtained a high reputation among his 
contemporaries for learning, prudence, and piety, in 
1057 he was created cardinal, and appointed biftiop of 
Ofria, by pop.e Stephen IX. much againft hisown withes, 
which led him to prefer a fblitary and ftudious life to 
public honours and dignities. He alfo Held in commen- 
dain the b’ifhopric of Engulio. In the year 1059, under 
the pontificate of Nicholas II. he was fent papal legate 
to Milan, to reform the clerical abufes in that diocefe, 
and or other objects of ftate policy. After his return 
to Rome, he became exceedingly difgufted with the pro. 
fligacy of manners which prevailed among all -ranks ; 
and, with great freedom, expoftulated againft the ambi- 
tious interference of the pontiffs in the temporal concerns 
of princes, the univerfal relaxation of order and difei- 
pline, and the enormous vices pra6tifed by the monks 
and clergy. On thefe lubjects likevvife he wrote and 
publillied his fentiments in a manner that was highly ho¬ 
nourable to Iris zeal and goodnefs of intention. He died 
in the year 1073. His works were voluminous, and en¬ 
title him to be ranked among the moft learned and po- 
lifhed writers of his time. 
DAMIANOVITZ', a town of Croatia: fixty-four 
miles fouth of Varafdin, and fifty-two eafl-fouth-eaft o£ 
Carlftadt. 
DAMIAT'TE, a town of France, in the department 
of the Tarn: ten miles weft of Cadres. 
DAMICOT'TA, a town of Hindooftan, in the Coim- 
betore country : thirty miles north of Coimbetore, and 
fixty fouth of Seringapatam. Lat. xi. 28. N. Ion. 77. it. 
E. Ferro. 
DA'MIENS (Robert Francais), the affulfinator of 
Louis XV. As he poftefted neither literature nor fcience, 
he is not, ftriiftly fpeaking, intitled to notice in this 
work. His character, however, was fo extraordinary, 
and the noife which he made in the world fo great, that 
a fhort account of him will probably be acceptable td 
our readers. He was born in 1714 in the fuburbs of 
Arras, called St. Catharines. His infancy announced what 
he would one day become ; for fuch were his wickednefs 
and knaveries, that they procured to him the appellation 
of Robert le diable. He lerved in the army, was at feveral 
engagements, and at the liege of Philiptburgh. On his 
return to France, he entered in quality of a domeftic into 
the college of Jefuits at Paris, which he left in 1738 to 
be married. After having lerved different mafters in the 
capital, and poifoned one of them, he committed a rob¬ 
bery of 240 louis d’ors ; which being difeovered obliged 
him to xbfeond. He lurked, therefore, about five months 
in the neighbourhood of St. Omer, Dunkirk, and Bruf- 
fels, holding always the moft abfurd difeourfes with re¬ 
gard to the difputes which at that time divided France. 
At Poperingue, a fmall town near Ypres, he was heard 
to fay: “If I return to France—Yes, I will return, I 
will die there, and the greateft man on earth lhall die 
likewife, and you fhall hear news of me!” 
It was in the month of Auguft 1756 that he uttered, 
thefe extravagant fentiments. On the 21ft of December, 
in the fame year, being at Falefque near Arras, at the 
houfe of one of his relations, he talked in the fame (train, 
affirming, “That the kingdom, his wife, and daughter, 
were all ruined!” TIis blood, his heart, and his head, 
were at this time in a dreadful ftate of effervelcence ; and 
in this Itute of mind he fet out for Paris, where he arrived 
on the 31ft day of the fame month. Having appeared at 
Verfailles on the firft day of the year 1757, he took opium 
for two or three days, probably with a view to invigo¬ 
rate. his mind for the horrid purpofe, which he exec uted 
on the 5th of January, about three quarters of an hour 
after five in the event ig. This execrable parricide (truck 
Louis XV. with a knife in the right iide, as chat monarch, 
furrounded by his courtiers, was entering a carnage to 
go to Trianon. He was feized upon the fpot j and after 
having 
