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creek'; feven miles fouth-weft by weft of Philadelphia. 
There are two townfliips of this name in tire county, 
called Upper and Lower, from their relative fituation. 
DAR'CET (M.) a learned French phyiician and che- 
mift, member of the national inftitute, and of feveral 
other locieties, and profeflor of chemiftry in the college 
de France. Darcet diftinguilhed himfelf by various ule- 
ful labours and refearches : experiments on earths and 
the manufacture of pottery and porcelain, which he great¬ 
ly contributed to improve in France ; refearches reipeCt- 
ing the aftion of fire, long continued and equally main¬ 
tained ; on the conftrudtion and combuftion of the dia¬ 
mond ; the analyfis of animal matter, feveral mineral 
waters, and a great many ores. Hi’s death was occa- 
fioned by a gouty metaltafis, in the night between the 
i2thand 13th of February 1801, in the feventy-eighth 
year of his age. 
DAR'CY (Count), an ingenious philofopher and ma¬ 
thematician, born in Ireland in 1725; but his friends 
being attached to the Stuart family, he was fent to France 
at fourteen years of age, where he fpent the reft of his 
life. Being put under the care of the celebrated Clairaut, 
he improved fo rapidly in the mathematics, that at feven- 
teen years of age he gave a new folution of the problem 
concerning the curve of equal preflare in a refilling me¬ 
dium. Darcy ferved in the war of 1744, and was taken 
priloner by the Englilh ; and yet, during the courfe of 
the war he gave two memoirs to the academy ; the firft 
of thefc contained a general principle in mechanics, that 
to the prefervation of the rotatory motion ; a principle 
which lie again brought forward in 1750, by the name 
of the principle of the prelervation of adlion. In 
.1760, he publiflted An Efiay on Artillery, containing 
lome curious experiments on the charges of gunpow¬ 
der, &c. and improvements on tiiofe of the ingenious 
Robins. In 1765, he publifhed his Memoir on the 
Duration of the benfation of Sight, the moll ingenious 
of his works: the refult of thefe refearches was, that 
a body may fometimes pafs by our eyes without being 
feen, or marking its prelence, otherwife than by weak¬ 
ening the brightnefs of the objedt it covers. All Darcy’s 
works bear the character which refults from the union 
of genius and philofophy ; but as he meafured every 
thing upon the largelt fcale, and required extreme accu¬ 
racy in experiment, neither his time, fortune, nor avo¬ 
cations, allowed him to execute more than a very fmall 
part of what he projected. In his difpofition, he was 
amiable, fpirited, lively, and a lover of independence, a 
paflion to which he nobly facrificed, even in the midll of 
literary fociety. He died of a cholera morbus in 1779, 
at fifty-four years of age. He was admitted of the French 
academy in 1749, and was made penlioner-geometrician 
in 1770. His elfays, printed in the Memoirs of the Aca¬ 
demy of Sciences, are various, and very ingenious. 
DAR'DA, a town and fortrefs of Hungary, built 
by the Turks in 1686, and taken by the Imperialifts in 
X687 : thirty miles fouth of Bacs, and forty-four fouth- 
fouth-eaft of Ziget. 
DARDANA'RIUS, f in old records, an ufurer, an 
cngrofl’er, a monopolift. Scott. 
DARDANEL'LES, two caftles belonging to the 
Turks, one on each ltde of the Strait of Galipoli, be¬ 
tween the Archipelago and the fea of Marmora, built 
in 1658, by Mahomet IV. to guard the entrance of the 
narrow fea, which is not more than a league wide. The 
Dardanelles have each a town annexed to them on their 
refpeftiye fliores. That on the Alia tic fide, is called by 
the Turks, Chanak-kalefi, and contains about two thou- 
fand houfes. The caftle is bv no means formidable : the 
citadel or keep is evidently of the lower Greek age ; but 
the outworks are comparatively modern, and are faid to 
have been eredted at the expence of a fultana. The bat¬ 
tlements are incurvated on the outlide. Here is a fmall 
park .of ufelefs artillery, excepting that which was taken 
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from the Germans; fome are of an enormous calibre, 
and have heaps of marble balls piled near them, each 
two feet in diameter : the guns are painted green. In the 
town is a manufacture of coarfe pottery, rudely painted 
and gilded, to which circumftance it owes the name of 
Chanak. The oppofite caftle, on the European fhore, 
is called Chelit-bawri, which, with its adjoining town, 
is much fmaller. This ftraight is famed by the ftory of 
the Loves of Hero and Leander ; nor does the diftance of 
the oppofite fliores at the entrance of the ftraight where 
the caftles (land, deftroy the poflibility of Leander’s en- 
terprize, for it does not exceed a mile, which is much 
within the ability of modern fwimmers, with an inferior 
inducement; But the roughnels of the current mull have 
been formidable at all times. The contiguous country 
is all claflical ground, abounding in many curiofities, the 
fubjedts of ancient hiftory. Here is the plain of Troy, 
fragments of the ruins of that ancient city, veftiges of the 
Grecian encampment, and the tombs of Ajax and Achil¬ 
les ; fubjedts which can never fail to attract the firft no¬ 
tice of travellers in this beautiful and celebrated part of 
the world. See the article Troy. 
DARDA'NIA, in ancient geography, a diftridt of 
Moefia Superior, to the fouth : now the fouth part of 
Servia, towards the confines of Macedonia and lllyri- 
cum, Dardani was the name of the people, who leem 
to have been defcendants of the Dardani of Troas. Alio 
a fmall diftridt of Troas, along the Hellefpont. Mela , 
Virgil. —It was the ancient name of Samothracia, from 
Dardanus, who removed thither. 
DARDA'NIUM PROMONTORIUM, a promon¬ 
tory of Troas, near Abydos, running out into the Helle¬ 
fpont; with a cognominal town called Dardanus, or Darda- 
mtm, which firft gave name to the Dardanelles. 
DAR'DANUM, [from Dardanus. J The city of Troy a 
fo called from its founder. 
DAR'DAJS’US, a foil of Jupiter and EleCtra, who 
killed his brother Jalius to obtain the kingdom of Etruria 
after the death of his reputed father Corytus, and fled 
to Samothrace, and thence to Afia Minor, where lie mar¬ 
ried Batia, the daughter of Teucer, king of Teucria, 
After the death of his father-in-law he afcended the 
throne, and reigned fixty-two years. He built the city 
of Dardania, and was reckoned the founder of the king¬ 
dom of Troy. He was fucceeded by Erichthonius. Ac¬ 
cording to fome, Corybas, his nephew, accompanied him 
to Teucria, where he introduced the woifhip of Cybele. 
Dardanus taught his fubjedts to worfliip Minerva ; and 
he gave them two ftatues of the goddefs, one of which is 
well known by the name of Palladium. Virgil. 
DARDAS'SEN, or Dardasheim, a town of Ger¬ 
many, in the circle of Lower Saxony, and principality 
of Halberftadt: four miles eaft-north-eaft of Ofterwick. 
To DARE, v. n. pret. I durjt ; the preterite I dared be¬ 
longs to the adti vedare-, part. / have dared: [beajtjian,, 
Sax. derren, Dut.] To have courage for any purpofe; 
not to be afraid; to adventure; to be adventurous.—. 
Deliberate and well-weighed courage knows both to be 
cautious and to dare , as occafion offers. Dry deni 
I dare do all that may become a man; 
Who dares do more, is none. Shakefpeare . 
To DARE, v. a. pret. 1 dared, not Idurjl. To chal¬ 
lenge ; to defy.—Mailers of the arts of policy thought 
that they might even defy and dare Providence to the 
face. South. 
Prefumptuous wretch ! with mortal art to dare 
Immortal power, and brave the thunderer. Gra?wille, 
To DARE Larks. To catch them by means of a look- 
ing-glafs, or by keeping a bird of prey hovering aloft, 
which keeps them in amaze till caught; to amaze.— 
Shrimps are dipped up in fliallow water with little round 
nets ; not much unlike that which is ufed for daring larks. 
Care Wo 
