606 TJ AT 
dillo. Bands feven ; four toes on the fore feet, five on 
the hinder. Inhabits India and South America. The 
Ihield on the (houlder is notched on the fore-part; (kin 
between the bands brown. 
7. Dafypus odtocindtus,. the eight-banded armadillo, 
lias upright ears, two inches long; {'mail black eyes; 
four toes on the fore feet, five on the hind. It is ten 
inches, long ; its tail is nine. It inhabits B ra.fi 1 , and is 
reckoned more delicious eating- than the others. 
8. Dafypus novemcinetus, the nine-banded, or pig¬ 
headed armadillo. This fpecies is diftinguifhed by long 
ears, long - hair on the bread and belly, four toes on the 
fore feet, five on the hind; is three feet long;‘and the 
tail, which tapers, is a little longer than its body. Its 
cruft or (hell is marked with fix-fided figures; its bands 
with wedge-like marks acrofs. One, brought fome years 
ago to England from the Mnfquito fhore, was fed with 
raw beef and milk, but refilled grain a,nd fruit ; though 
this genus wants, as lias already been obferved, both 
cutting and canine teeth. Bands nine. 
9. Dafypus maximus, the largelt armadillo. It has 
twelve bands ; legs and tail divided into lozcnge-fhaped 
Icales. Inhabits South America; feeds in the night, 
and like the reft is eatable. , 
10. Dafypus longicaudus, the long-tailed armadillo ; 
with nine bands ; and a long, jointed, tail. It is about 
the lize of a cat ; and inhabits America, 
DA'SYS, f. [from fracrvt;, rough.] The medical term 
for a dry parched tongue. Applied to refpiration, it 
means breathing as if the lungs had not room to expand. 
DAS YSTJL'PH AN A, /. in botany. See Gentiana. 
DAT-AL-S A'M IN, a town of Arabia : 250 miles weft 
of Cathem. 
DA'iA,/ pi. Among mathematicians, a term'for 
fuch things or quantities as are given or known, in order 
to find other things thereby that are unknown. Euclid 
ufes the word data for fuch {paces, lines, and angles, as 
are given in magnitude, or to which we can afiign others 
equal. From the primary tife of the word data in ma¬ 
thematics, it has been tranfplanted into other arts; as 
philofophy, medicine, See. where it expreffes any quan¬ 
tity, which, for the fake of aprefent calculation, is taken 
ior granted to be fuch, without requiring an immediate 
proof for its certainty; called alfo the given quantity, 
number, or power. And hence alfo fuch things as are 
known, from whence either in natural philofophy, the 
annnal mechanifm, or the operation of medicines, we 
come to the knowledge of others unknown, are now fre¬ 
quently m phylical writers called data. It is alfo ufed 
in its Latin lingular number.—All the rules relating to 
purchafes perpetually refer to this fettled law of inheri¬ 
tance, as a dqtum or firft principle. Blackjlone. 
DATA'MES, a military commander, celebrated for 
fuperior courage and conduct, was the fon of Camiffares, 
a Carian, by a Scythian mother. He ferved among the 
guards of Artaxerxes Mnemon, and was employed in the 
war againft the Cadufians, in which he gained fo much 
reputation, that he was appointed-to fucceed his father, 
who fell in this war, as governor of that part of Cilicia 
which borders upon Cappadocia. ‘Upon the revolt of 
Thyus, chief of Paphlagonia, and coufin of Datames, he 
was commanded by tire king to reduce him. Thyus laid 
a plan for aflafiinating him ; but Datames efcaped the 
fnare, and at length took him prifoner. Before the king 
could be apprifed of the event, Datames took his cap¬ 
tive, who was a man of great ftature, and of a terrible 
afnect, drefied him in the robes of a fatrap, and deco¬ 
rated him v/ith a gold chain and bracelets ; and, at the 
fame time, putting himfelf into the ruftic attire of a 
huntfman, with a club in one hand, and a cord in the 
other, to which Thyus was faftened, led him into the 
royal prefence, amid ft a number of fpedftators ; and the 
king was highly delighted with the incident. Datames 
was foon after nominated to the chief command in the 
Egyptian war ; but, win l ft he w.as making his prepara- 
D A T 
tions, he received an order to go in queft of Afpis, who 
poffeffed the mountainous region of Cataonia, above Ci¬ 
licia, whence he made hoftile incurfions over the neigh¬ 
bouring provinces. Aware that his fuccefs depended 
upon furprifing the enemy unprepared, Datames,- who 
was then at a great diftance from the place, went on¬ 
board a (hip with a fmall body of picked men, landed in 
Cilicia, and marched day and night till he croffed the 
ridge of mount Taurus, and arrived in the country pof- 
fefled by Afpis. He there learned that the chief was 
gone upon a hunting expedition in the neighbourhood ; 
and in the mean time the purpofe of his arrival became 
known. Afpis prepared for refiftance ; but Dittanies, 
ordering bis men to follow him, rode full fpeed to the- 
fpot, and fo intimidated his antagonift, that he yielded 
himfelf captive. But the great merit and fuccefs of Da¬ 
tames began to produce the ufual effeft in a court, that 
of exciting the envy of the principal courtiers, who com¬ 
bined to ruin him. Datames was apprifed of their ma¬ 
chinations by a friend, and refolved to fruftrate them, 
by revolting from the king’s fervice, and making himfelf 
independent. He firft, however, made over his command 
of the army to a proper fuccelfor ; and then proceeding 
with his particular friends to Cappadocia, he took pof- 
fetiion of the neighbouring Pdphlagonia, and provided 
for his defence. Hearing that the Pifidians were raifing 
troops againft him, he fent his fon to oppofe them, who 
yvas killed in battle. This misfortune was followed by 
that of the defection of his father-in-law, Mithrobarzanes, 
who commanded his cavalry. He concealed the truth 
from his army ; and pretending that the commander had 
gone over by his orders, as a deferter, that he might have 
an opportunity of falling upon the enemy unawares, he 
ordered them immediately to march after him. The 
Fiiidians, on his approach, fufpefting the intentions of 
Mitlirobarzanes, began to attack his troops. They re¬ 
lifted ; and, during this miftaken conflict, Datames led 
on his men, and obtained a complete viftory. He had 
the mortification, however, to be deferted by his eldelt 
fon, who went to the court of Artaxerxes, and gave in¬ 
formation of his father’s rebellion. The king fent againft 
him Autophradates, with a very numerous army. Da¬ 
tames feized an advantageous poft, where he could pre¬ 
vent the-enemy’s advance, and defend himfelf with very 
inferior force. The king’s general made an attack upon 
him, but was repulfed with great lofs ; and Datames, by 
his perfect knowledge of the country, and his {kill in 
making ufe of all opportunities, fo haraffed the royal 
army, that Autophradates was glad to accept of his no¬ 
minal fubmiflion to the king’s authority, and to with¬ 
draw his troops into Phrygia. Artaxerxes, however, 
was too deeply exafperated againft: Datames to admit of 
a cordial reconciliation ; and lince he could not-conquer 
him by open force, he refoLved to take him oft’ by trea¬ 
chery. After fome fruitlefs attempts of this kind, Mith- 
ridates, the fon of Ariobarzanes, offered himfelf as the 
inftrument, having firft obtained permiftion from the king 
of adding as he thought proper with impunity. He then 
pretended to have renounced his allegiance, and pro¬ 
ceeded fo far as to infiidt many evils upon the king’s fub- 
jects. The wary Datames was at length led to believe 
him a rebel in earneft, and to comply with an invitation 
from Mithridates to a private conference, in order to 
concert meafures in common. They met unarmed ; but 
Mithridates had previoufly buried weapons in feveral 
{pots about the place. After they had held a converfa- 
tion together, and Datames was departing, Mithridates 
fat down carelefsly upon one of thefe fpots, and then re¬ 
called him, pretending that he had forgot to mention 
fomething. He dug up a poniard, and having concealed 
it beneath his garment, met the returning Datames, and 
pointed out to him a hill, which he laid was proper for 
an encampment. Datames turned his eyes to the fpot„ 
when the traiterous affaflin plunged his dagger into his 
fide, and laid him dead. 
DA'TARY 
