60 S DAT 
miums, both from his countrymen and from foreigners. 
Thefe marks of refpebt he deferved by his afliduity in 
performing kind offices to all the diftinguifhed travellers 
who took Florence in their route. He wrote a few other 
pieces in verfe and profe ; but his learned labours were 
cut fliort by death in 1675, at the age of fifty-fix. 
DA'TIS, a general of Darius I. fent with an army of 
300,000 foot, and 10,000 horfe, againft the Greeks, in 
conjunction with Artaphernes. He was defeated at the 
celebrated battle of Marathon, by Miltiades, and forne 
time after put to death by the Spartans. 
DATIS'CA,/! Base Hemp; in botany, a genus of 
the clafs dioecia, order dodecandria, natural order mif- 
cellanae. The generic characters are—I. Male. Calyx: 
perianthium five-leaved ; leaflets linear, acute, equal. 
Corolla : none. Stamina: filaments fcarcely any ; an- 
therae about fifteen, oblong, many times longer than the 
calyx, obtufe. II. Female. Calyx : perianthium two¬ 
toothed, the third tootli wanting, ereCt, very finall, fu- 
perior, permanent. Corolla: none. Piflillum : germ 
oblong, inferior, longer than the calyx ; ftyles three, 
two-parted, fliort; ftigmas fimple, oblong, fliaggy, length 
of the germ. Pericarpium: capfule oblong, triangular, 
three-valved, three-horned, one-celled. Seeds: nume¬ 
rous, fmall, adhering longitudinally in three to five di¬ 
rections to the capfule.— EJfcntial CharaCler. Male. Ca¬ 
lyx, five-leaved ; corolla, none ; antherse feflile, long, 
fifteen. Female. Calyx, two-toothed; corolla, none; 
ftyles, three ; capfule triangular, three-horned, one- 
celled, pervious, many-feeded, inferior. 
Species. 1. Datifca cannabina, or fmooth-ftalked baf- 
tard hemp : Item even. This has a perennial root, from 
which arife feveral herbaceous (talks, about four feet 
high, with pinnate leaves placed alternately, each com- 
pofed of three pair of leaflets, terminated by an odd one; 
thefe are two inches long, and half an inch broad, end¬ 
ing in acute points, deeply ferrate, and of a light green. 
The flowers come out in long loofe fpikes from the up¬ 
per parts of the (ta'lks at the axils, but having no petals 
make a poor appearance: the antherte of the male flow¬ 
ers being pretty long, and of a bright yellow colour, are 
moft vifible at any diftance. Native of Candia or Crete; 
flowers in June or July, and the feeds ripen in September. 
2. Datifca hirta, or rough-ftulked baftard hemp: Item 
hirfute. Larger; the Item rough on every fide with 
hairs that ftand out; leaflets larger, more alternate, more 
decurrent, and confluent at the bafe. Found in Penn- 
fyl.vania by Kalm. 
Propagation and Culture. Thefe plants may be propa¬ 
gated by parting the roots, which fhould be performed 
in autumn when the (talks decay, but they mult not be 
parted too fmall; they may be planted in any open beds, 
where they are not under the drip of trees, and will re¬ 
quire no other culture but to keep them clean from 
weeds. They may alfo be propagated by feeds, but 
thefe fhould be taken from fuch plants as grow in the 
neighbourhood of male plants, otherwife they will not 
fucceecl ; and if the feeds are not fown in autumn, they 
feldom grow the firft year. The feeidling plants when 
they rife, will require no other care but to keep them 
clean from weeds till autumn, when they may be tranf- 
planted where they are to grow. The fecond fort is 
equally hardy with tine firft, but fhould have a more 
fhady fituation, and a moifter foil. 
DA'TISI,yi in logic, a mode of fyllogifms in the 
third figure, wherein the major is an univerfal affirma¬ 
tive, and the minor and conclufion particular affirmative 
propofitions. For example, 
Da- All who ferve God are kings; 
Tt- Some who ferve God are poor ; 
si, Therefore, fome who are poor are kings. 
DA'TIVE, adj. [from the Lat. do, to give.] Belong¬ 
ing to that cafe of Latin nouns in grammar which points 
out the perfon or t) ing to which any thing is given. 
DAT 
Belonging to thofe executors in law which are appointed 
by the decree of a judge. 
DA'TIVE, /. [from the adj. put abfolutely.] The 
third cafe in Latin nouns. See Grammar. 
DATO'LA, one of the Lipari iflands in the Mediter¬ 
ranean : ten miles north-eaft of Lipari. 
DATTE'AH, a town of Hindooftan, in the circar of 
Gohud : ninety-fix miles fouth of Agra. 
DATUM, or Datus, in ancient geography, a town 
of Thrace, fitunted between Neapolis and the river Nef- 
tus : a colony of the Thracians, according to Euftathius; 
who places it on the fea-coaft, near the Strymon, in a 
rich and fruitful foil, famous for fhip-building and mines 
of gold ; hence the proverb Aaro? A yuQov, denoting prof- 
perity and plenty. Strabo. Apian deferibes it as°feated 
on a deep eminence, the whole of which is covered. It 
was taken by Philip of Macedon, who changed its name 
to Philippi, being originally called Crenides, on account 
of its fprings. It was afterwards famous for the defeat 
of Brutus and Caffius, by Auguftus and Antony. 
DATU'RA, f the Thorn-apple; in botany, a ge¬ 
nus of the clafs pentandria, order monogynia, natural or¬ 
der lurid2e. The generic charadlers are—Calyx: pe¬ 
rianth one-leafed, oblong, tubular, bellied, five-cornered, 
five-toothed, horizontally deciduous near the bafe, the 
remaining circular part permanent. Corolla: one-pe- 
talled, funnel-form ; tube cylindric, almoft longer than 
the calyx ; border eredl-expanding, five-cornered, five- 
plaited, almoft entire, with five acuminate teeth. Sta¬ 
mina: filaments five, fubulate, length of the calyx; 
antherte oblong, compreffed, obtufe. Piftillum : o er m 
ovate; ftyle filiform, ftraight; ftigma thickiih, obtufe, 
two-plated. Pericarpium: capfule fomewhat ovate, 
two-celled, four-valved, feated on the bafe of the calyx ; 
receptacles convex, large, dotted, affixed to the diflepil 
ment. Seeds : numerous, kidney-form.— EJJential Cha- 
raEler. Corolla, funnel-form, plaited ; calyx, tubular 
angular, deciduous ; capfule, four-valved. 
Species. 1. Datura ferox, or rough thorn-apple : peri¬ 
carps thorny, ereft, ovate ; the upper thorns very large 
and convergent. This fort feldom rifes more than a foot 
and a half high, fpreading out into many branches. Leaves 
fomewhat like thofe of the common or fecond fort, but 
fmaller, and ftandinguponlonger foot-ftalks ; the flowers 
are alfo fmaller ; the fruit is round, and armed with very 
ftrong (harp thorns; the feeds are black when ripe. 
This is lefs fmooth than the common fort, and the four 
uppermoft fpines of the capfule are very large and erect. 
It is annual, and a native of China. It flowers from 
July to September; and was cultivated in 1721, by Mr. 
Miller. ' 
2. Datura ftramonium, or common thorn-apple : peri¬ 
carps thorny, eredt, ovate; leaves ovate, fmooth. Stem 
from one to fix feet in height, according to the foil, but 
feldom more than two feet, round, fmooth ; dividing in. 
to many ftrong, irregular branches, which are hollow, 
covered with a fine down; leaves from the forking of 
the Item and branches, Angle, fcarcely fix inches lono-, 
petioled, pointed, deep green on the upper furface, paler 
beneath and on the edges. Gerarde (1597) informs us,, 
that the thorn-apple was brought in feed from Constan¬ 
tinople by lord Edward Zouch. Miller fays, it was 
probably firft introduced from Italy or Spain ; but it is 
now become fo common about London and other great 
towns, as to appear like a native plant, there bein«- few 
gardens or dunghills without it in fummer. That it is 
a native of America how'ever we have the moft undoubted 
proofs; for in the earth brought with plants from various 
parts of that extenfive country, we are fure to have the 
thorn-apple come up. Kalm fays, that it grows about 
all the villages, and that this and the phytolacca are the 
word weeds there. Our old writers call it thorny-apples 
of Peru. At night the leaves, particularly the upper 
ones, rife up and inclofe the flowers ; which appear from 
July to September. Gerarde fays he firft “difnerfed 
the 
2 
