r 
610 D A U 
to the fcience in which he was engaged. He was ad¬ 
mitted into the academy of fciences in 1744, and enriched 
its Memoirs with feveral valuable papers on zoology and 
comparative anatomy. In the great work on natural 
hiftory, publifhed by Buffon firft, in 1750, he had a large 
fliare, all the anatomical part relative to men and ani¬ 
mals being contributed by him; and the great additions 
this work made to the knowledge of comparative ana¬ 
tomy are univerfally accounted among its principal me¬ 
rits. In what manner lie conlulted utility in his enqui¬ 
ries is feen by his admirable Inftructions for Shepherds 
and the Proprietors of Flocks, &c. Paris, 1784, 8vo ; 
in which he gives a feries of practical lelions concerning 
the treatment of fheep in every particular, with curious 
difcuftions on the improvement of wool. Mineralogy 
was another objeft of his Itudy ; and he publifhed, in 
1784, A Methodical View of Minerals, with their dif- 
tinftive characters, according to a new arrangement of his 
own, diftinguifhed by its clearnefsand precilion. Dauben- 
ton was a member of the royal medical fociety. After paf- 
ling through tlie florins and vicillitudes of the French re¬ 
volution, he was eledted, in 1799, amemberof the confer- 
vative fenate. Fie did not long hirvive this honour, dying 
on December 29 in that year, at the age of eighty-four. 
He was buried with great folemnity in the national (for¬ 
merly the royal) garden, and an oration to his honour was 
pronounced over his remains, by the naturalill Lacepede. 
DAU'BENTON (William,) a French Jefuit of fome 
celebrity in the feventcenth century, born at Auxerre, 
in 1665. He was at firft deftined by the fathers of the 
order for the office of preacher, which for fome time he 
difcharged with much acceptability. The ftate of his 
health, however, obliging him to relinquifh pulpit exer- 
cifes, he was appointed to different governments, and 
among others to the reClory of the college of Strafburg. 
His fervices in that fituation were contidered to be of 
liich importance, that, at the defire of Louis XIV. he 
was fixed in it a fecond time, after the expiration of the 
term of his appointment, that he might completely carry 
into effect fome ufetul regulations which he had intro¬ 
duced. By the fame prince he was made confefTor to 
his grandl’on, Philip V. king of Spain, whom he accom¬ 
panied when he went to take poireifion of his throne. 
He appears to have obtained confiderable influence over 
the mind of Philip, which he was not contented with 
exerting in matters purely fpiritual, but employed it in 
directing meafures of ftate and delicate politics. By 
this intriguing fpirit he excited the jealouly and refent- 
ment of the Spanifh grandees, who, through their inter¬ 
ference, procured his difmiflion from the guidance of the 
king’s confcience. On that event he retired into France, 
in 1706, whence he was fent to Rome, where he was 
chofen afliftant to. the general of the Jefuits in managing 
the concerns of the order in France. In 1716 he was 
recalled to Madrid, and reinftated in his office of confeffor 
to Philip V. Some years afterwards, when Philip had 
formed, but not divulged, his refolution to abdicate his 
crown, this Jefuit conceived that meafure to be fo un¬ 
favourable to the interefts of his native country, that he 
oppofed it with all his weight, and even betrayed the 
king’s fecret to the duke of Orleans, regent of France. 
His intrigues on this occalion terminated in his own dif- 
grace, for the fecond time, which was foon followed by 
his death, in 1723. His writings weremoftly conf’ecrated 
to the fervice of fuperftition, being employed in afligning 
reafons for the beatification and canonifation of John 
Francis Regis, a Jefuit. They confift of two volumes 
folio, and were publiihed at the expence of the apofto- 
lical chamber. One of the volumes is filled with an ac¬ 
count of the miracles of that modern faint. 
DAU'BER, f. One that daubs ; a coarfe low painter. 
,—What they called his picture, had been drawn at length 
by the daubers of almoft all nations, and ftill unlike him. 
Dry den .—A low flatterer. 
D^U'BRY, f. An old word for any thing artful,— 
D A U 
She works by charms, by fpells ; and fucli daulr.y as this 
is beyond our element. S/iakeJpeare. 
DAU'BY, Vifcous; glutinous; adhefive : 
Not in vain th’ induftrious kind 
With dauby wax and flow’rs the chinks have lin’d. Dryd . 
DAU'CUS,/. [from iJaifcj, as fome think, on account 
of its hot tafte.] I he Carrot; in botany, a genus of 
the clafs pentandria, order digynia, natural order umbel- 
latte or umbelliferse. The generic characters are—Ca¬ 
lyx : umbel univerfal, manifold, flowering flat, fruiting 
concave-converging; partial manifold, fimilar. Involucre 
univerfal, many-leaved, length of the umbel; leaflets 
linear, pinnatifid; partial more Ample, length of the 
umbellule. Perianthium proper,fcarce,manifeft.‘ Corolla : 
univerfal difform, fomewhat rayed ; fiofcules of thedifk 
abortive; proper of five petals, inflex-hearted, the ex¬ 
terior ones larger. Stamina: filaments five, capillary- 
anthene fimple. Piftillum: germ inferior, final 1; ftyles 
two, reflex ; ftigmas obtufe. Pericarpium none ; fruit 
ovate, often hilpid on every fide with ftifF hairs, bipar¬ 
tite. Seeds : two, fomewhat ovate, on one fide convex, 
hifpid ; on the other flat.— EJJlntial Charader. Corolla, 
fubradiate, all hermaphrodite; fruit hifpid with hairs : 
(muricate with prickles forming longitudinal crelts. 
Gartner .) 
Species. 1. Daucus carota, the wild carrot or bird’s- 
neft: feeds hifpid; petioles nerved underneath. The 
common carrot, in its wild ftate, has a (lender, hard, 
whitifh or brownifh, fufiform, root. Stem updo-fit, 
grooved, fiifpid, two feet high, with alternate branches* 
which are long, commonly from fix or (even to nine or 
ten inches, have one leaf on them, except the primary 
or terminating one, which is naked, and have a Tingle 
umbel of flowers at top ; bottom and principal leaves 
ffleathing, tripinnate, the laft pinnule toothed, and ter¬ 
minated by (pinnies, the nerves hifpid ; the flowers are 
white, thole in the middle fometimes tinged with purple ■ 
thefe are fertile, but thofe in the circumference, which 
are irregular and larger than the others, are frequently 
either neuter or have piftils only. The fruit is fpheroi- 
dal, compofed of two plano-convex feeds, on the back 
of whicli are four membranaceous narrow crefts, pefti- 
nated with linear-fetaceous, innocuous, flexible, teeth ; 
and between thefe, three raifed nerves, having very mi¬ 
nute prickles on them along each fide, bowing outwards; 
the belly is flat, or (lightly concave, marked with obi 
feu re longitudinal (freaks. The wild carrot is common 
in paftures, on balks and headlands. It is a biennial 
plant, flowering from June to Auguft. The umbel is at 
firft a little convex, but becomes gradually flat, and then 
as the flowers are going off, more and more concave, till 
it forms a perfect bafin, in its feeding ftate refernbling a 
bird’s-neft. It is then eafily diftinguifhed from other 
umbellate plants, and has derived its common Englifli 
name from this circumftance. Others, it is faid,°call 
it bce’s-nej, and that name is recorded by Johnfon, in his 
edition of Gerarde’s Herbal. 
Carrot feeds have been recommended as a powerful diu¬ 
retic, and an infufion of them has been found to give re¬ 
lief in fits of the gravel and (tone. Mr. Miller informs 
us, that the (hops are fupplied with old feeds of the 
garden carrot, inftead of frefii feeds of the wild plant. 
This is one of the many ways by which efficacious me¬ 
dicines are brought into difrepute; but if wild carrot 
feeds be really valuable in calculous cafes, they may ea¬ 
fily be gathered frefh by every one for himfelf. Moles 
are fo fond of the roots, that they are a proper bait to 
take thefe animals; but garden carrots anfwer belt for 
this purpofe, as well as for deftroying crickets, being- 
made into a pafte with powdered arfenic and wheat meal*; 
and for poultices to mitigate the pain and abate the 
Itench of foul and cancerous ulcers. The ladies of this 
polifhed age will fmile at the fimplicity of ancient times, 
when they are told, that the autumnal beauty of carrot 
leaves 
