D A U 
leaves allured many gentlewomen formerly, oftentimes 
to (lick them in their hats or heads, or pin them un their 
arms in (lead of feathers. 
Mr. Ray obferved a variety of the wild carrot on the 
fea fliore near Dover, with leaves of a dark green and 
glofly colour. Dr. Stokes adds, that in afpecimen from 
the coalt of Cornwall the leaflets are remarkably broad, 
and but (lightly cut. 
( 3 , y. The garden carrot is three feet high in its flow¬ 
ering ftate ; it differs however, little from the wild one, 
except in the largenefs and fucculency of the plant, and 
particularly of the root, which with its fuperior fize 
tifualiy takes a tincture of yellow, in different (hades, to 
deep orange, and becomes of a Jfofter texture, without 
any of that acrimony and aromatic flavour which are 
found in the wild root. In Japan, where it is much cul¬ 
tivated, the root is of a colour very little inclined to 
yellow. , 
Mr. Miller informs us, that he cultivated the wild 
carrot for many years, but could never get the feeds 
which were fown in the fpring to grow, but that part of 
the feeds which he fowed in autumn came up well: thefe 
plants lie treated in the fame manner as the garden car¬ 
rot, but could not improve the roots in the leaft, for they 
continued to be fmall, rticky, and of a hot biting tarte. 
In this and the like cafes he concludes, that the plants 
are fpecifically different. This conclurton, however, is 
not to be admitted; for the improvement has probably 
been the effect of accident, or of time and care in a 
warmer climate ; and the cultivated plants, it left to 
themfelves in a dry undunged foil, would probably re- 
lapfe into their primitive ftate. 
Of garden carrots there are feveral varieties, differing 
in the colour of their roots, as. white, yellow, orange, 
and dark red or purple. Thefe variations may be conti¬ 
nued, by taking care not to mix them together in the 
fame garden. The orange carrot is generally mod ef- 
teenied in London. Mr. Miller takes the red or purple 
carrot to be a diftinfl fort : it is much more tender than 
the others, infomuch that the roots were all deftroyed by 
the firft frofts in autumn. The feeds were fent him from 
Aleppo. The roots were not fo large as common carrots, 
and were of a purple colour, very like that of a deep- 
coloured radifh ; they were very tender and fweet; the 
leaves were liner cut than thofe of the common carrot, 
and lefs hairy. 
2. Daucus mauritanicus, or fine-leaved carrot : feeds 
Ihifpid ; central flofcule, barren, flelhy ; common recep¬ 
tacle, hemifphasric. This much refembles the common 
carrot. The whole rtem is hifpid ; fo are the feeds. It 
is a biennial plant; native of Italy, Spain, and Barbary ; 
and was cultivated in 176S,' by Mr. Miller. It flowers 
in J une and J uly. 
3. Daucus vifnaga, the Spanifti carrot, or pick-tooth : 
feeds glofly ; univerfal umbel coalefcent at the bafe. 
This is an annual plant, with an upright, fmooth, chan¬ 
nelled, (talk, three feet high. Leaves fmooth, divided 
into many fine narrow fegments, like thofe of fennel ; 
the ftalks branch towards the top, and each branch is 
terminated by a large umbel, compofed of a great num¬ 
ber of fmall ones. The rays which fuftain the umbel- 
lules, being long and ftiff, are ufed by the Spaniards, &c. 
for picking their teeth. When they have ferved this 
purpofe, they are chewed, and thus are l'uppofed to be 
of fervice in cleanfing and faftening the gums ; however 
this may be, they leave a pleafant aromatic tafte in the 
mouth. Native of the Louth of Europe, Barbary, and 
mount Libanus. It was cultivated in 1597 by Gerarde, 
and flowers from June to Au guff. 
4. Daucus gingidiu-m, or fhining-leaved carrot : rays 
of the involucre flat ; divifions recurved. This is an 
annual plant, with fmoother ftalks than the common 
carrot; the fegments of the leaves are broader, and of a 
lucid green; the umbels are larger, and not fo regular. 
e u s. 011 
Native of the fouth of France. Cultivated in 1722, in 
the Chelfea garden ; it flowers in June and July. 
5. Daucus muricatus, or prickly-feeded carrot: feeds 
with three-barbed prickles. This rifes with an upright 
ftalk, above two feet high, branching at top into feveral 
divifions, each terminated by an umbel of white flowers; 
they are radiated, and the ray is fmall. Seeds with coin- 
preffed prickles in a triple row, and barbed at the end. 
Native of Barbary; cultivated herein 1699. 
Daucus maritimus. The maritime variety is low 
and hirfute, with the (terns almoft le.iflefs, and the germs 
hirfute. Linnaeus, thinking that perhaps thefe difterences 
might arife from foil and fituation, has given it only as a 
variety, Gouan, however, has fliewn it to be very dif¬ 
ferent ; and Krocker defcribes it as very much refembling 
the common carrot, but finaller in the ftem, leaves, and 
involucres. He doubts, however, whether it may not 
be a variety of tile common carrot. It is annual, and 
flowers in July and Auguft. Gaertner has no doubt but 
that it ought to be removed from this genus into that of 
caucalis. Native of the fouth of France, on the coaft of 
the Mediterranean. 
6. Daucus lucidus, or Alining carrot: leaves lucid; 
ftem hairy ; petioles even. This has the ftature of com¬ 
mon carrot; but the ftem has differ ftrigas on it, and is 
not merely rugged. The leaves are groffer, even and 
(Fining, as are alio the petioles. It is biennial, and a na¬ 
tive of Barbary. 
7. DaucusHifpanicuSjOrvifcouscarrot: feeds prickly, 
without any central barren flower ; ftem (Fining. The 
whole ftem is rough, with hairs; three feet high, with 
alternate branches, and an umbel terminating it. It is a 
biennial plant, and a native of the county of Nice. 
Propagation and Culture,.in the Garden .—The carrot is 
commonly cultivated in gardens for the kitchen, and the 
different varieties of it are, in fame places, efteemed, 
though in London, the orange carrot is preferred to all 
the other. They are propagated at two or three different 
feafons, or fometimes oftener, where people are fond of 
young carrots. The firft i’eafon for fowing the feeds is 
foon after Chriftmas, if the weather be open ; this fliould 
be in warm borders, near walls, pales, or hedges, but 
they fliould not be fown immediately clofe thereto ; but 
a border of lettuce, or other young fallad herbs, of about 
a foot wide, fliould be next the wall, &c. for if the car¬ 
rots were fown clofe to the wall, they would draw up 
weak, without making any tolerable roots. Thefe de¬ 
light in a warm fandy foil, light, and dug pretty deep, 
that the roots may the better run down ; for, if they 
meet with any obftrudtion, they are apt to grow forked, 
and (boot out lateral roots, efpecially where the ground 
is too much dunged the fame year that the feeds are fown, 
which will alfo occafioti their being worm-eaten; it is 
therefore the better method to dung the ground intended 
for carrots the year before they are'fown, that it may be 
confumed, and mixed with the earth ; but in fuch places 
where there has not been ground fo prepared the year 
before, and there may be a necefiity for dunging it the 
fame year as the carrots are fown, the dung fliould be 
well rotted which is laid upon it, and fhould be thinly 
fpread over the ground ; and in the digging of it into 
the ground, great care fliould be taken to difperfe it all 
through the ground, and not to bury it in heaps, for that 
will flop the roots of the carrots in their downright 
growth, and caufe them to be (Fort and forky. Where 
the ground is inclinable to bind, there cannot be too 
much care taken to break and divide the parts ; there¬ 
fore in digging the land for carrots, there fliould never 
be large fpits taken, but they mu ft be very thin, and the 
clods well broken ; which, if not attended to by the 
mafter, is feldom properly performed by workmen, who 
are too apt to hurry over their work, if they are not well 
obferved. The ground, when dug, fliould be laid level 
and even; otherwife, when the feeds are fown, and the 
ground 
