614 D A V 
known. For re-planting in the fpring, they choofe a 
piece of frefh land, if there be any on the farm; if not, 
fuch as is in good heart, but they never manure it. The 
preparation is to throw two three-feet ridges together; 
in a dry feaion, in February or March, they cut the tap 
end of the carrots off, to the amount of one-third of the 
root, and plant a double row upon each ridge at three 
feet between the plants, and two feet row from row, in 
a quincunx order, fo that the plants of one row may be 
againfl the fpaces of the other. They are twice hoed, 
and twice earthed up, the fecond time very high. The 
heads are cut oif when quite dry, as they ripen, by wo¬ 
men, and being laid on pack-cloths, are threlhed and 
dreffed by men. 
Carrots may be cultivated with fuccefs in young plan¬ 
tations of trees, where the foil is proper for them. In 
taking up the carrots, lefs damage is done to the young 
fibres,of the trees than by digging between them, all the 
good effedfs of ftirring the ground are produced, and a 
profitable crop is gained. Mr. Miller affirms, that this 
root has not till of late years been cultivated in the fields 
for cattle. It appears from Norden’s Surveyor’s Dia¬ 
logue, published in 1600, that carrots were commonly 
cultivated about Orford in Suffolk, and about Norwich 
in Norfolk. They were alio introduced very early from 
Flanders into Kent, about Sandwich, and other places. 
Gerarde, in 1597, fays that they were Town in the fields. 
Neither of thefe authors, however, mentions that they 
rvere ufed for feeding cattle; they were probably culti¬ 
vated chiefly for the London market. Worlidge and 
Mortimer fay, that they are good for hogs and geefe. 
Of the other forts of daucus it is enough to fay, that 
the feeds ftiould be fown in autumn, for thofe which are 
fowm in the fpring frequently fail, or at lead: remain in 
the ground till next year before they grow ; the plants 
require no other culture but to keep them clean from 
weeds, and to thin them where they are too clofe. See 
j9£thusa, Ammi, Athamanta, Caucalis, Peuce- 
DANUM, PHELI.ANDRHJM, PlMFiKELI.A, SESELI, SlSON, 
and Sium. 
DAU'DIE, a town of Egypt: fixteen miles north of 
Afhmunein. 
DA'VENANT (John), a learned Englifn prelate in 
the feventeenth century, born in London, where his fa¬ 
ther was an eminent and wealthy merchant. No certain 
information can be obtained refpetling the year of his 
birth, or the School in which he received his claffical 
education. In 1587 he was admitted penfioner of Queen’s- 
college, Cambridge, in which feminary he appears to 
have applied to his ftudies with a very commendable di¬ 
ligence, and to have performed his exercifes In a manner 
that refledled credit on his abilities and proficiency. He 
proceeded regularly to his degrees in arts, and took that 
of mafler in 1594. About that time he had the offer of 
a fellowfliip in his college, which his father, much to 
his honour, would not permit him to accept, on account 
of the plentiful fortune which he poffelfed. After his 
death, however, Mr. Davenant would no longer decline 
the honour of fuch a fituation, and was elected fellow in 
1597. When he was thus become fettled in a college- 
life, he continued to diftinguilh himfelf by his learning, 
and other eminent qualifications, fo as to recommend 
himfelf to honourable appointments in the univerfity, 
and in his own fociety. In 1601 he took his degree of 
bachelor in divinity, and in 1609 that of doctor in the 
fame faculty. In the year laft mentioned he was ap¬ 
pointed lady Margaret’s profeffor, and was alfo one of 
her preachers in the years 1609 and 1612. On a vacancy 
taking place in the maflerfhip of his college, in 1614, he 
was elected to that honourable ftation, which he retained 
until the year 1622. During this period the fynod of 
Dort had been convened in Holland, to crufh the Armi- 
nian party, by forms of proceeding in which the tricks 
and intolerance of angry divines were fubflituted in the 
room of impartiality and calm argumentative difeuffion. 
D A V 
Dr. Davenant was one of the Englifh clergy who were 
appointed by James I. to fit and give their votes in that 
fynod. Dr. Davenant returned to England in 1619 ; and 
in 1621 was nominated to the bifhopric of Salilbury. From 
that time we learn no particulars concerning him, until 
the year 1630-1, when he fell under the difpleafure of 
king Charles T. for maintaining the dodtrine of predefti- 
nation in a fermon preached before his majefiy at White¬ 
hall. Bifhop Davenant’s fermon was conftrued into a 
contempt of the king, and occafioned not only his being 
reproved on the day when he preached it, but repri¬ 
manded alfo before the privy council. He died in 1641. 
Bilhop Davenant was a prelate refpedfable for learning, 
ferioufnefs, and moderation. He was hofpitable, bene¬ 
volent, and humble in his manners, and an example to 
his clergy in the diligence and zeal with which he dif- 
charged the duties of a minifter of the gofpel. He was 
the author of, 1. Expojitio Epijlola D. Pauli ad Colojbifes, 
per reverendum in Chrifio Patrem J. Sarijb. Epif. &c. folio. 
2. PraleElion.es de duobus in Theo/ogia Controvcrjis Capitibus ; 
de Judice Controverfiarum prime ; de JuJlitia habituali & aElu- 
ali altero , See. 1631, folio. 3. Determinationes Quejlioncm 
quarundam Theologicarum, per Rev. Fir. Jo. Dav. See. 1634, 
folio ; and, 4. Animadverfions upon a Treatife lately 
publiftied, and intitled, God’s Love to Mankind mani- 
fefted, by difproving his abfolute Decree for their Dam¬ 
nation, 1641, 8vo. 
DA'VENANT (William), a poet, and manager of 
the theatre in the reigns of Charles I. and II. was the 
fon of a tavern-keeper at Oxford, in which city he was 
born in 1665. He had his early education at a fchool in 
his native place, and was afterwards entered a member 
of Lincoln-college ; but his ftay in the univerfity appears 
to have been fhort. His difpofition led him to try his 
fortune at court, and he firft appeared in that region as 
page to the duchefs of Richmond. Thence -he was re¬ 
moved into the family of Greville lord Brooke, anaccom- 
pliihed nobleman, and a patron of literature. His death, 
in 1628, deprived Davenant of a valuable protedfor; but 
he had already made himfelf fo favourably known, that 
he was able, with advantage, to ufher his firft tragedy, 
named Albovine, to the ftage, in 1629. From that time 
he was admitted to the familiar acquaintance of the prin¬ 
cipal wits about court, among whom he maintained a 
reipedtable ftation. He however exerted his invention 
and induftry to good purpofe, in providing a fund of dra¬ 
matic pieces for the entertainment of the court; among 
which were feveral of the kind called mafques. So well 
did he fuftain the charadter of poet and courtier, that, 
upon the death of Ben Jonfon, in 1637, he was made his 
fucceifor in the laureate. Davenant’s principles, and at¬ 
tachment to the king, caufed him to participate early in 
the fucceeding troubles. He was accufed to the parlia¬ 
ment, in 1641, of being engaged in a defign to bring up 
the army for the fupport of the royal authority, and a 
proclamation was iftued for apprehending him; in con¬ 
sequence of which he was taken at Feverfham, and placed 
under, the cuftody of a ferjeant at arms. Fie was, how¬ 
ever, admitted to bail; and, after one ineffedtual attempt, 
he fucceeded in making his efcape to France. When the 
queen fent over a fupply of military ftores, he accompa¬ 
nied them ; and offered his fervices to his old friend and 
patron, the earl of Newcaftle. That nobleman, who was 
himfelf a poet, paid fo much refpedt to the charadter, as 
to entruft Davenant with the important office of lieute¬ 
nant-general of his ordnance. We are not told by what 
means he had qualified himfelf for fuch a poft; and the 
promotion appeared a very improper one to feveral of 
the royal party. The king himfelf, however, was fo 
well fatisfied with Davenant’s fervices, that he conferred 
upon him the honour of knighthood at the fiege of Glou- 
cefter, in 1643. His military occupation did not continue 
very long; for, upon the declenfion of the royal caufe, 
he withdrew into France, where he embraced the catho¬ 
lic religion. This facrifi.ce procured him the full confi¬ 
dence 
