I) A W 
snains of an old French pod on the fouth fide of the 
ifiand, and of fome old houfes of the natives. Lat. 30. 
so. N. Ion. 88. 7. W. 
DAU'PHIN, a fort in the ifiand of Cape Breton, round 
which the French had their principal fettlement before 
they built I.ouifburg. 
DAU'PHIN, a county of the American States, in Penn- 
fylvania, formerly contained in that of Lancader, until 
erefted into a leparate county, March 4, 1785. Its torm 
is triangular; its contents 586,400 acres; and is furround- 
ed by the counties of Mifflin, Cumberland, York, Berks, 
and Northumberland. It is divided into nine townfhips, 
the chief of which is Harrifburg ; the number of its inha¬ 
bitants, 18,177. Nearly one half of the land is under cul¬ 
tivation ; but the northern part is very rough and moun¬ 
tainous. In feveral of the mountains is found iron ore' 
of the firfl quality; and a furnace and forge have been 
erefted which carry on the manufacture of pig, bar-iron, 
&c. The fird fettlers were Irifii emigrants, who were 
afterwards joined by a number of Germans. In the town 
of Derry, on the bank of Swatara creek, is a remark¬ 
able cavern ; its entrance is under a high bank, and 
nearly twenty feet wide, and about eight or ten feet in 
height. It defcends gradually to a level with the creek. 
Its apartments are numerous, of different fizes, and 
adorned with ftalaftites curioufiy di^erfified in lize and 
colour. Near the foot of Blue Mountain is a mineral 
fpring, much celebrated by the country people for its 
efficacy in removing rheumatic and other diforders. 
DAU'PHINESS, f. The wife or widow of the dau¬ 
phin of France. 
DAU'PHINS, or Delphins, f. in literary hidory, a 
name given to the commentators on the ancient Latin 
authors, who were employed by order of Louis XIV. of 
France, for the benefit of the prince, under the care and 
direction of M. de Montaufier his governor, and Bolfuet 
and Huet his preceptors. They were thirty-nine in num¬ 
ber. All the claffics edited by thefe men, are diftinguifti- 
ed in the title page by the words, “ in itjum ddpkini .” 
DAU'PHINY, before the revolution, a country of 
France, which once made part of the kingdom of Bur¬ 
gundy, and after being fubjeCt to many princes, was 
ceded, in 1343, by the dauphin Humbert, to the younger 
fon of Philip de Valois, king of France; obliging him 
and his fuccedbrs to bear the name and arms quartered 
with thofe of France : Dauphiny thus became an appan¬ 
age of France, and the elded prince always took the ti¬ 
tle of Dauphin. It was not incorporated, but formed a 
feparate date : and the king took the title of the dauphin 
of the Viennois. The country is fertile in fome places, 
producing corn, wine, olives, hemp, barley, oats, fait, 
wood, copperas, filk, varnifii, crydal, iron, copper, and 
lead ; but two-thirds of the country are mountainous and 
barren. It now forms the departments of the Here, the 
Drome, and Higher Alps. 
DAU'RAT (John), an eminent French poet, born in 
1507. In the reign of Henry II. he wms preceptor- to the 
king’s pages, and Charles IX. who took great delight in 
his converfation, and honoured him with the title of his 
poet; but his generofity and want of management placed 
him in that clafs of learned men who have been very 
near darving. Conformable to the tade of the age, he 
had fo much flcill in making anagrams, that feveral illuf- 
trious perfons gave him their names to annagrammatife : 
he alfo undertook to explain the Centuries of Nodrada- 
mus. Scaliger tells us, that he fpent the latter part of 
his life in endeavouring to find all the bible in Homer. 
He died in 1588. 
DAU'SENAS, a town of the duchy of Courland : fix- 
teen miles wed-fouth-wed of Seelburg. 
DAUW, a town in the fouthern part of the ifiand of 
Celebes. 
DAW, f. [fuppofed by Skinner fo named from its 
note; by Junius to be corrupted from dawl ; the Ger¬ 
man tul, and dol in the Bavarian dialed!, having the fame 
Vol. V. No. 300. 
I A W G<2 1 
fignification.] The name of a well-known fpccies of 
crow. See the article Coitvus. 
The loud daw, his throat difplaying, draws 
The whole afilmibly of his fellow daws. Waller. 
DAWES (Richard), a learned critic, native of Leicef- 
terfiiire, born in 1708. He received his grammatical 
education at the Ichool of Market Bofworth, under the 
tuition of Anthony Blackwall, author of the Sacred Claf¬ 
fics. He was admitted a (i Jar of Emanuel college, Cam¬ 
bridge, in 1725, of which, in 1731, he became fellow. 
In 1733, he took the degree of mafter of arts. When at 
the univerfity, he didinguifiied himfelf by fome eccen¬ 
tricities of conduct, and alfo by a violent enmity againd 
Dr. Bentley, whole knowledge in Greek he aiTedted to 
treat with wonderful contempt. Neither of thefe learned 
perfons, indeed, feem to have been humanifed in their 
tempers by the dudy of polite literature. I11 1736, Dawes 
publifiied propofals for printing a mutilation of Milton’s 
Paradife Lod into Greek verfe ; but the delign did not 
proceed farther. He was appointed, in 1738, mader of 
the fiee grammar-fchool at Newcadle-upon-Tyne, to 
which office was annexed the maderfiiip of. St. Mary’s 
hofpital in that town. In 1745, he didinguifiied himfelf 
by the publication of his Mijcellanca Critica, which con¬ 
tained a collection of grammatical remarks on various- 
Greek authors, particularly the tragedians and Arifto- 
phanes, intended as a fpecimen of what he intended to 
perform in an edition of all the Attic poets, with Homer 
and Pindar. The defign was never completed, but the 
author obtained a high reputation both at home and 
abroad by what he had executed ; and a fecond edition 
of the Mifcellanea, with valuable additions, was pubiilhed 
by the reverend Mr. Burgefs, of Oxford, in 1781. The 
profound learning of Dawes did not, however, caufe him 
to lucceed as a fchoolmader. The irritable jealoufy of 
his temper, and Angularities of his character, almoft 
amounting to infanity, involved him in quarrels with his 
friends and the truftees of the fchool, fo that the num¬ 
ber of fcholars was at length reduced to nothing. In 
1749, he was perfuaded to refign both his places, in re, 
turn for which he received an annuity of eighty pounds 
per annum. With this pittance he retired to Heivorth, 
near Newcaftle, where his chief amufement was rowinp- 
in a boat. Sunk in fplenetic mifanthropy, he died there 
in 1766. 
DAWES (fir William), a refpectable Englilh. prelate 
in the feventeenth century, born in 1671, at a feat be, 
longing to his father, fir John Dawes, baronet, near 
Braintree in Elfex. His grammar-learning he received 
at merchant tailors’ fchool in London, and difiinguifhed 
himfelf, before he was fifteen years of age, by his pro- 
grefs in the Hebrew language. In 1687, he was elected 
a fcholar of St. John’s college, Oxford, of which he was- 
made fellow about two years afterwards. Soon after 
this, having fucceeded to his father’s title and eftate, he 
left Oxford, and entered himfelf a nobleman in Catha- 
rine-hall, Cambridge ; where, when he was of fufficient 
Handing, he took the degree of mader of arts. It had 
conftantly been his intention to devote himfelf to 
the clerical profeflion ; and, with the defign to qualify 
himfelf for it, he had made the works of fome cf the 
mod eminent Englith divines a confiderabje branch of 
his ftudy, even before he was eighteen years of age ; and 
that intention he does not feem to have formed but with 
the belt and mod worthy view's, and under truly ferious 
and religious impreflions. When he took his decree of 
mafter of arts, however, he was not of the age requifite 
for entering into orders, and therefore meant to fpend 
fome time in vifiting his family eftate, and ditferent parts 
of the kingdom which he had not then feen. It was 
during this interval that he married an accomplilh- 
ed lady, the daughter of fir Thomas Darcy, baronet, 
of Braxtead-lodge, in Eflex. As foon as he had arrived 
at a competent age, he was ordained deacon and prieft; 
V T andj 
