772 
DEV 
however, refers the above events to the general deluge. 
Seethe article Det.uge, p.68-/, &c. of this volume. 
DEUCE,/. [t/e«x, Fr.] Two; a word ufed in games. 
—You s are a gentleman and a gamefter ; then, I am fure, 
you know how much the grofs fum of deuce ace amounts 
' to. Shakefpeare. —A phrafe commonly ufed inftead of de¬ 
vil. See Deuse. 
DEVEC'TION,/. The act of carrying away or down. 
DEU'EL, [from the Heb. fignifying “ the knowledge 
of God.”] A man’s name. 
To DEVE'LOP, v. a. {developer , Fr.] To difengage 
from fomething that enfolds and conceals ; to difen- 
tangle ; to clear from its covering : 
Take him to develop, if you can, 
And hew the block off, and get out the man. Pope. 
DEVEL'TO, or Zagoria, a town of European Tur¬ 
key, in Bulgaria, the fee of a Greek archbifhop, near 
the Black Sea : fifty-eight miles north-eaft of Adrian- 
ople, and 106 north-north-welt of Conftantino.ple. Lat. 
42.2;. N. Ion. 45. 8. E. Ferro. 
DEVE'NERUNT,/. Inlaw, a writ heretofore direct¬ 
ed to the efeheator, on the death of the heir of the king’s 
tenant under age, and in cuftody, commanding the ef¬ 
eheator that, by the oaths of good and lawful men, he 
enquire what lands and tenements, by the death of the 
tenant, came to the king. Dyer, 360. This writ is now 
difufed, except by 14 Car. II. c. 11. for preventing frauds 
and abufes in his majefty’s cultoms. 
DEVEN'TER, a town of the United Dutch States, 
and the capital of Overiffel, formerly a free and imperial 
city ; it is fituated in a part of the province called Zal- 
lant, on the river I (Tel. It is large and populous, having 
fix gates, and is furrounded by a wall, flanked with a 
great number of towers, and defended with large and 
deep ditches, filled with the waters of the Iffel. Some 
think it took its name from Davon, a rich man, the friend 
of St. Livin, the apoftle of the country, who firfl con¬ 
verted the people to Chriftianity ; it was erefted into a 
**bifhopric, fubjedt to the archbilhop of Utrecht, in the 
year 1559, by pope Paul IV. but this bifliopric continued 
only till the protefiant religion was eftablifhed in the pro¬ 
vince ; befides the cathedral, they have three other pa- 
rifli churches, and feveral other religious houfes. The 
magiftracy is compofed of burgomafters, echevins, and 
common council, which are changed every year ; befides 
which it has a large council,compofed of forty-eight of the 
principal citizens, who meet four times a year. The 
ftates took it the 10th of November, 1578, after a fiege 
of three months ; but, as the inhabitants were not well 
affefted, the earl of Leicefter entered with fome Englifh 
troops, and fecured the place. Colonel Stanley, who 
had been appointed governor, furrendcred to the prince 
of Parma, the 31ft of January, 1587. The Spaniards 
kept it till 1591, when it was again taken by prince Mau¬ 
rice. In 1672, the city, rather than undergo the calami¬ 
ties of a fiege, furrendcred to the bifhop of Munfter and 
elector of Cologn, on condition that the city fhould be 
re-united to the empire, under the archbifhop of Cologn 
and bifhop of Munfter ; that the reformed religion fhould 
be maintained ; and that the garrifon fhould be prifon- 
ers Of war. The prelates abandoned the city the 2d of 
May, 1674, after receiving forty-two thoufand crowns 
for its ranfom. Forty-fix miles eaft of Amfterdam. Lat. 
52.18.N. Ion. 23, 34. E. Ferro. 
DE'VEREUX, [q.d. of Evercux, a town in France.] 
A furname. 
DE'VEREUX, (Robert), earl of Effex, a perfon of 
great diftin&ion in the reign of queen Elizabeth, the 
fon of Walter earl of Effex, by a daughter of fir Fran¬ 
cis Knolles, who was related to the queen. He was born 
in 1567, at Netherwood, in Hereford (hire. At the age 
of twelve, he was fent to Trinity college, Cambridge, 
and placed under the tuition of Dr. Whitgift, afterwards 
archbifhop of Canterbury. In his ieventeenth year, he 
DEV 
was introduced at court, where he was received with 
much favour, as well on account of his perfonal qualifi¬ 
cations, as his connection with the favourite, the earl of 
Leicefter, who had married bis mother. In 15S5, he 
'accompanied that nobleman to Holland, where he fo 
much diftinguifhed himfelf at the battle of Zutphen, as 
to be created a knight-banneret in the camp. On his re¬ 
turn, he was made matter of the horfe, in the place of 
the carl of Leicefter, who was advanced to the poft of 
high-fteward. In 1588, when the queen affembled an 
army at Tilbury, to refill the Spanifh invafion, the earl of 
Effex was appointed general of the horfe ; .and he was 
foon after decorated with the order of the garter. This 
courfe of elevation had its natural effeft upon the mind 
of a young man, of infpiring a headftrong and prefump- 
tuous fpirit. This he difplayed by a quarrel with 
Charles Blount, afterwards lord Mouhtjoy, his rival in 
the queen’s favour, which occalioned a duel. Effex re¬ 
ceived a wound in the knee ; and the queen, who loved 
to fee the haughty humbled, laid, that it was fit fome one 
fhould take him clown, or there would be no ruling him. 
It is to the credit of the rivals, that they afterwards be¬ 
came intimate friends. In 1589, he gave proof ofhis en- 
terprifing dif’pofition, by joining, without leave, an ex¬ 
pedition under the condudt of fir John Norris and fir 
Francis Drake, for t-he purpofe of reftoring Don Anto¬ 
nio to the throne of Portugal. The attempt was not 
fuccefsful; but the earl had occafion to exhibit his cou¬ 
rage, and that fpirit of chivalry which accompanied the 
valour of the age. White fkirmrfhing in the neighbour¬ 
hood of I.itbon, he challenged, by found of trumpet, the 
governor, or any perfon of equal quality with him¬ 
felf, to (inglecombat. The queen, who expreffed high 
difpleafure for his undutiful departure, was foon recon¬ 
ciled to him, and beftowed upon him marks of favour 
unufual from her, in various grants of lands of confide- 
rable value. The death of the earl of Leicefter, while 
it deprived him of fome' fupport, yet opened a larger 
field to his ambition; and, by courting the puritans, he 
fucceeded to the place of head of that party. He made 
a private marriage about this this time with Frances, 
only daughter of fir Francis Walfingham, and widow of 
fir Philip Sidney, with which the queen was not well 
pleafed. 
In 1591, he was fent with a body of 4000 men to the 
afliftance of Henry IV. of France, then fighting againft 
the league. He affifted in the fiege of Rouen, and ex- 
pofed his perfon and men freely ; but, for want of due 
‘co-operation, nothing of confequence was effected. In 
one of the actions, he loft his only brother, Walter Deve- 
reux, a gallant officer. In 1396, he was appointed joint- 
commander with lord Howard, high-admiral of England, 
in an expedition to the coaft of Spain. Sir Walter Ra¬ 
leigh and feveral other diftinguifhed commanders were 
in the armament. The fleet arrived off Cadiz, and, af¬ 
ter a fruitlefs attempt to land, it was refolved to fteer 
into the harbour, and attack the fhipsof war lying there. 
Effex, who was the chief advifer of this bold meafure, 
was fo overjoyed when it was determined upon, that he 
threw his hat into the fe'a. He joined in the .naval attack 
among the foremoft, though contrary to his promife to 
the admiral, and afterwards landed a body of men at the 
point, and led them on to the ftorm of the place. Their 
valour was irrefiftible; and the humanity of Effex, in 
flopping the (laughter as foon as the town was gained, 
and his courtefy in the treatment of his pfifoners, 
were not lefs confpicuous than his bravery in action. 
Great plunder was obtained in the city, and an immenfe 
lofs was incurred by the Spaniards, who burned all their 
(hipping and merchandize, that they might not fall into 
the hands of the enemy. Effex would have kept poffef- 
fion of Cadiz, but this intention was over-ruled. He pro- 
pofed feveral other attempts againft the enemy, but the 
officers in general were fatisfied with their fuccefs, and 
the fleet came home in triumph. On his return, the 
queen 
