7f)9 
D I A 
From harmony, from heavenly harmony, 
This un'iverful frame began ; 
From harmony to harmony 
Through all the compafs of the notes it ran, 
The diapafon doling full in man. Dryden. 
DIAPEDE'SIS, f [from havnoau, Gr. to leap 
through.] The tranfudation or efcape of blood through 
the coats of an artery. 
DIAPEG'MA,/! [from hairvyyiiva, Gr. to clofe.] A 
furgical infirument for doling together broken bones. 
DIAPEN'STA, f. Gr. deeply grieving or 
mourning: probably from its fituation. ] In botany, a ge¬ 
nus of the clafspentandrh, order monogynia, natural order 
precias, (convolvuli, Juftieu.) The generic characters 
are—Calyx: perianthium eight-leaved; the five interior 
leaflets placed in a circle, the reft leaning upon them in 
an imbricated manner, all equal, ovate, obtufe, ereCt, 
permanent. Corolla: one-petalled, falver-lhaped ; tube 
cylindric, open, length of the calyx ; border five-cleft, 
obtufe, flat. Stamina: filaments five, comprefled-linear, 
ereCt, terminating; the tube at the incifures of the bor¬ 
der lliort; antheras fimple. Piftillum : germ roundifh ; 
flyle cylindric, length of the ftamens ; ftigma obtufe. 
Pericarpium : capfule roundifh, three-celled, three- 
valved. Seeds: very many, roundifh.— Eflintial Charac¬ 
ter. Corolla, falver-fnaped ; calyx, five-leaved, imbri¬ 
cate with three other leaflets ; ftamina, placed on the 
tube of the corolla; capfule, three-celled. 
Diapenfia Lapponica, or Lapland diapenfia, with pe- 
duncled flowers, the only known fpecies. Root peren¬ 
nial ; ftem riling immediately from the root, and divid¬ 
ing into feveral fimple diffufed branchlets, clothed all 
round with leaves, ‘at moft a finger’s height. It has 
fomewhat the appearance of a fedum. Native of the 
mountains of Lapland, among ftones covered with mofs, 
Alfo in Norway. See Aretia and Sanicui.a. 
DIAPEN'TE,y; among phyficians, a compofition of 
five ingredients ; a name given to punch, becaufe made 
of five ingredients ; in modern mufic, a fifth. 
'DRAPER, f. \_diapre, Fr. of uncertain etymology.] 
Linen cloth woven in flowers, and other figures; the 
fineft fpecies of figured linen after damafk. A napkin ; 
a towel: 
Let one attend him with a filver bafon 
Full of rofe-water, and beftrew’d with flowers ; 
Another bear the ewer, a third a diaper. Shakefpeare. 
To DRAPER, v. w. To variegate; to diverfify ; to 
flower.—Flora ufeth to cloath our grand-dame Earth 
with a new livery, diapered with various flowers, and 
chequered with delightful objects. Howcl. —To draw 
flowers upon clothes. — If you diaper upon folds, let your 
work be broken, and taken, as it were, by the half; for 
reafon tells you, that your fold muft cover fomewhat 
unfeen. Peacham. 
DIAPH ANE'ITY,yi [from haipuma, Gr. to fhine.] 
Tranfparency; pellucidnefs; power of tranfmitting light. 
—Becaufe the outward coat of the eye ought to be pel¬ 
lucid, to tranfmit the light, which, if the eyes fltould 
always ftand open, would be apt to grow dry and fhrink, 
and lofe their diaphaneity, therefore are the eye-lids fo 
contrived as often to wink, that fo they may, as it were, 
glaze and varnilh them over with the moifture they con¬ 
tain. Ray. 
DI APMA'NIC, \adj. [$ia and i paivoq, Gr.] Tranfpa- 
rent; pellucid ; having the power to tranfmit light;— 
Air is an element fuperior, and lighter than water, through 
whofe vaft, open, fubtile, diaphanic, or tranfparent body, 
the light, afterwards created, eafily tranfpired. Raleigh. 
DIA'PHANOUS, adj. [$i«and (peuva, Gr.] Tranfpa¬ 
rent; clear; tranilucent; pellucid; capable to tranfmit 
light.—When he had taken off the infeCt, he found in 
the leaf very little and diaphanous eggs, exafitly like to 
thofe which yet remained in the tubes of the fly’s womb. 
Ray. 
D I A 
DTA'PHANOUSI.Y, adv. Tranfparently. 
DIAPH'ORA,yi [Gr.] Difference, diverfity ; alfo a 
figure in rhetoric, when a word repeated is taken in a 
figoification different from what it was at firft. 
DIAPHORE'SIS,y. [from ha and pipu, Gr. to carry 
through.] The efcape of humours through the pores of 
the (kin. In general it means a fweat. 
DIAPHORE'TlC, adj. [ hatpopmiy.oc , Gr. to carry 
through..] Sudorific * promoting a diaphorelis or perfpi- 
ration ; a medicine caufing fweat. 
DIAPHORE'TICS,/. [from ha, and ft.pa, Gr. to carry 
through.] Medicines which promote perfpiration.— Dia¬ 
phoretics, or promoters of perfpiration, help the organs of 
digeftion, becaufe the attenuation of the aliment makes 
it perfpirable. Arbuthnot. 
DI'APHRAM, f. [from happxrla, Gr. to divide.] 
The midriff; fo called becaufe it divides the cavity of 
the thorax from that of the abdomen. The divilion be¬ 
tween the tefiides is fo called. See the article Anato¬ 
my, vol. i. p. 528. 
DIAPII'THORA,/! [from hx<p 6 spu, to corrupt, Gr.] 
An abortion where the foetus is corrupted in the womb. 
DIAPHYLAC'TICS,/. [from hapvXxaa-u, Gr. to pre- 
ferve.] Medicines which refill putrefaction, or prevent 
infeftion. 
DIAP'NE,yi [from harnica, Gr. to pafs.gently, a-s 
the breath.] An involuntary and infcnfible dilcharge of 
the urine. 
DIAPNO'E,y. [from hxrrviu, Gr. to breathe through.] 
The tranfpiration of air through the pores of the fkin. 
DIAPORE'MA,y [from Jia7rop£w,Gr. to be in doubt.] 
That anxiety which is peculiarly predominant in nervous 
diforders. 
DIAPORE'SIS,/. [Gr.] A doubting; a figure in 
rhetoric, when the fubjeCts to be handled being of equal 
worth, the orator feems to be in doubt which he fliall 
begin with. 
Dl'AR, a town of Perfia, in the province of Chorafan : 
190 miles north-north-eaft of Herat. 
DIARBEK', or Diarbekir, a city of Afiatic Turkey, 
and capital of a province to which it gives name, fitu- 
ated on an eminence, in a beautiful plain, near the weft 
bank of the Tigris; formerly called Amid, and by the 
Turks Kara-Amid, or Kararnid. It is furrounded by a 
ftrong lofty wall built with hewn-ftone. On the land- 
lide it has once been protected by three walls and two 
ditches, part of which are ftill to be feen. Toward the 
river, which runs nearly half round the city, nature has 
Itrongly fortified it by a folid rock about twenty feet * 
perpendicular. On the walls are feveral towers, in which 
a guard is conftantly kept. Here are alfo fome brafs field- 
pieces of a fmaller calibre, and a few brafs-mortars ; but 
very few of either are ferviceable. The city commands 
an extenfivc and delightful profpeCt over a cultivated 
and fertile country, and the winding dreams of the Ti¬ 
gris add much to the beauty of the feene. It is well 
watered by means of a canal from the Tigris, which is 
cut feveral miles abpve, and in fome places through very 
rugged ground. A branch of this canal runs on the out- 
fide of tlie walls, on the weftern Fide of the city, and foon 
after falls into the river. The houfes are built with 
hewn-ftone, and the ftreets all paved. Many of the 
public edifices are very elegant. The Armenian cathe¬ 
dral is a large and handfome ItruCture, about the length 
of Weftminlter-hall, but not fo wide. The roof is lup- 
ported by two row's of pillars, and the whole of -the floor 
is covered with carpets : eveft the Turks, on entering it, 
pull oft' their ftioes. The Armenian mode of worlhip is 
nearly fimilar to that of the Roman catholics.- The ma¬ 
nufactories carried on here are very confiderable ; and 
their trade is extenfsve with Holland, Poland, Ruflia, 
&c. They manufacture copper, iron, wool, cotton, filk, 
and feveral other itaples. Some of their w ool is very 
fine, and the weavers are numerous. People of the fame 
trade ufually live together; thus, one ftreet contains no¬ 
thing 
