D I O 
hand, he threw away a wooden cup, winch he had been 
accuftomed to carry in his wallet, faying that he would have 
no fuperfluities about him. To fome friends who advifed 
him, in his old age, to take hiseafe, and indulge himfelf, 
he faid, “ What! would you have me quit the race, when 
I have almoft reached the goal ?” In the prefence of 
fome of Plato’s friends Diogenes trod on his robe, fay¬ 
ing, “ I trample underfoot the pride of Plato.” “ Yes, 
(faid Plato,) with greater pride of_your own.” Plato 
having defined man to be’a two-legged animal without 
feathers, Diogenes plucked a cock entirely bare, and, 
turning him into the academy, faid, “ Behold Plato’s 
man !” Being afked in what part of Greece he had (een 
good men, he anfvvered, “ No-where; at Sparta I have 
feen goad boys.” A profligate fellow having written 
over the door of his houfe, Let nothing fevil enter here : 
“ Which way, then, (faid he,) mud the mailer go in ?” 
Obferving a young man blufli : “ Take courage, (faid 
lie,) that is the colour of virtue.” In reply to one who 
afked him at what time he ought to dine, he faid, “ If 
you are a rich man, when you will; if you are poor, 
when you can.” “ How happy (faid fome one) is Ca- 
lifthenes in living with Alexander ?” “ No, (firid Dio¬ 
genes,) he is not happy ; for he mud dine and fup when 
Alexander pleafes.” To one who reviled him he faid, 
“ No one will believe you when you fpeak ill of me, 
any more than they w'ould me, if I were to fpeak well of 
you.” Seeing the fon of a common proftitute throwing 
(tones among!! a crowd, “ Take care (faid he) that you 
do not hurt your father.” Hearing one, of his friends 
lament that he fliould not die in his own country, he 
faid, “ Be not uneafy ; from every place there is a paf- 
fage to the regions below.” To one who a(ked him how 
■he might take the greatefl revenge upon his enemy, he 
anfwered, ‘‘ By being good and virtuous yourfeif, that 
he may have nothing to fay againlt you!” 
DIO'GENES Apolloniat es, a native of the ifland 
of Crete, and a philofopher of the ionic fedt, flourifhed 
about the leventieth olympiad, or about 500 years be¬ 
fore Chrilt. He was the difciple of Anaximenes, and 
the fucceflbr of Anaxagoras at Athens, where he taught 
philofophy and eloquence with great reputation. But 
becoming an object of jealoufy in that city, he was 
obliged to fly for his life; from which event nothing 
certain is known concerning him. As far as his dodlrines 
can be collected from the imperfedt accounts which re¬ 
main, he appears tohave held, with Anaximenes, that 
air, ora fubtle ether, polfelling a divine intelligence, is 
the firfl: principle in nature ; that the number of worlds 
is infinite, and that they were formed by an exertion of 
the powers of rarefaction and condenfation ; and that the 
earth, which is globular, is in the center of the whole. 
The terms, however, in which the brief notices of his 
opinions are handed down to us, are involved in much 
obfcurity. 
DIO'GENES Laertius, a Greek biographer, fup- 
pofed to have been a native of Laerta, or Laertes, in Ci¬ 
licia, flouriflied probably in the time of the Antonines, 
or fomewhat later. The work by which he is known is 
on The Lives, Opinions, and Apophthegms, of cele¬ 
brated Philofophers, in ten books, faid to have been ad- 
drefled to a female. It is "a very valuable repofitory of 
materials for the hiflory of philofophy, 110-where elfe to 
be met witli; otherwife, a defective and faulty perform¬ 
ance. Diogenes is fuppofed to have been addicted to 
the Epicurean philofophy. Nothing is known of his hif- 
tory. He compofed a book of epigrams, to which he 
often refers. The bed edition of his lives is that of 
Meibomius, Amflerdam, 1692, 2 vols. 4to. with the ob- 
fervations of Menage. There is alfo a good one by L011- 
t golius, 2 vols. 8yo. Coire, 1739. 
DIOG'MCS,/ [from Gr. to perfecute.] With 
phyficians, a diltreffing palpitation of the heart. 
DI'OKO-WAR, or Diacovar, a town of Sclavonia : 
fixteen miles fouth-weft of Efzek. 
Vol. V. No. 318. 
D 1 O 837 
DIOME'DIA, the Albatross,/, in ornithology, a 
genus belonging to the order of anferes ; the characters 
of which are : noftrils oval, broad, prominent, and lateral: 
tongue extremely fmall : feet furnifhed with three toes 
placed forward. There are only four fpecies, as follow : 
1. Diomedia exulans, the wandering or common albatrofs. 
This is figured in the annexed engraving ; and, next to 
the (wan, is the largeft of the aquatic birds : and yet, tiil 
within our own times, the habits and fpecies of this An¬ 
gular genus have efcaped the obfervation of ornitholo- 
gifts. Of the dimenfions of this bird we have many dif¬ 
ferent accounts ; the length from three to four feet; the 
alar extent from ten to feventeen feet; and the weight 
from twelve to twenty-eight pounds. The bill is dirty 
yellow : crown of the head pale cinereous, inclined to 
reddifti ; the reft of the body partly white, partly cine¬ 
reous, with blackifh lines on the back and wings, and 
with fpots in the fame direction, towards the rump : the 
greater quills are black: the tail dufky lead-colour, and 
rounded in (hape : legs fiefli-colour. The young birds 
are faid to be brown, like the cygnet fw-an ; as they ad¬ 
vance, they have more or lefs a mixture of white; but 
do not become of the colour of the above-deferibed till 
mature age. Thefe birds inhabit many parts without 
the tropics, to the north as well as the Couth; not being 
by any means confined to the laft, as has been erroneoufly 
imagined. They are in great plenty in the neighbourhood 
of the Cape of Good Hope, and are found in every tempe¬ 
rate fouthern latitude, as far towards the poie as has been 
yet explored. They are feen in vaft flocks in Kamtfchat- 
ka, and the adjacent i(land's, about the end of June, where 
they are called great gulls ; but it is in the bay of Penchinen- 
(i, the whole inner fea of Kamtfchatka, the Kurile ides, 
and that of Bering, where they moftly delight; for on 
the eaftern cqafts of the firft they are rarely feen, a Angle 
(Iraggler only now and then. Their chief motive for 
frequenting thefe places Teems to be plenty of food ; and 
their arrival is a Cure prefage of fhoals of fifh having pre¬ 
ceded them. At firft coming they are very lean, but 
foon grow immenfely fat. They are very voracious, and 
will often fwallovv a lalmon of four or five pounds weight; 
but, as they cannot take the whole of it into their fto- 
nrach at once, part of the tail end will fome times remain 
oat of the mouth ; and the natives, obferving the bird 
in this fituation, often knock it on the head on the fpot. 
Before the middle of Augufl they migrate to diflant 
parts. They are often taken by means of a hook baited 
with a filh; but it is not for the fake of their fiefh that 
they are valued, it being hard and unfavoury ; but, on 
account of the inteftines, a particular part of which the 
Kamtfchadales blow up as a bladder, to ferve as floats 
to buoy up their nqts in fifiling. Of the bones they 
make tobacco-pipes, needle-cafes, and other toys. When 
caught, they defend themfelves courageoufly with the 
bill. Their cry is harfli and difgufiing, not unlike the 
braying of an afs. The breeding places of the albatrofs, 
if at all in the northern hemifphere, have not yet been 
pointed out; but we are certain of their multiplying in 
the fouthern, viz. Patagonia and Falkland iflands; a fact 
which has been afeertained by captain Cook. To this 
Lift place they come about the end of September, or be¬ 
ginning of October, among other aquatic birds of limilar 
habits. The nefts are made on the ground, with earth 
and fedges ; they are round in fliape, upwards of a foot 
in height, and indented at the top. The egg is larger 
than that of a goofe, four inches and a half long, white, 
marked with dull fpots at the bigger end ; and is good 
food, the white never growing hard with boiling. While 
the female is fitting, the male is conftantly on the wing, 
and fupplies her with food : during this time, they are 
fo tame as to fuffer themfelves to be puflied off the neft 
while their ,eggs are taken from them ; but their chief 
deftruction ariles from the hawk, which, the moment 
the female gets off the neft, darts thereon, and flies away 
with an egg. The albatrofs itfelf hath likewile its ene- 
1 o D my s 
