922 DOC 
a grand canal, over which is a handfome bridge ; it is de r 
fended by a good rampart of earth, ditches, and baflions. 
The admiralty of the province is held here : ten miles 
north-eafl of LeWarden, and thirty-three weft of Delfzyl. 
Lat. 53. 20. N, Ion. 23. 19. E. Ferro. 
DOCTIL'OQJJOUS, adj. [from the Lat. doClus, learn¬ 
ed, and loquor , to fp'eak.] llfing learned expreffions. 
DOC'TOR, f. [ doCtor, Lat.] One that has taken the 
higheft degree in the faculties of divinity, law, or phyfic. 
In fome univerfities they have dodlors of mufic. In its 
original import, it means a man fo well verfed in his fa¬ 
culty, as to be qualified to teach it.—Then flood there up 
one in the council, a Pharifee, named Gamaliel, a doctor 
of laws. AEls, v. 34.—A man (killed in any profeflion: 
Then fubtle doClors feriptures made their pride, 
Cafuifts, like cocks, (truck out each other’s eyes. ’Denham. 
A phyfician ; one who undertakes the cure of difeafes.— 
He that can cure by recreation, and make pleafure the 
vehicle of health, is a doClor in good earneft. Collier. 
By med’eine life may be prolong’d, yet death 
YVill feize the doClor too. Shakefpcare . 
Any able or learned man.—The fimpleft perfon, that can 
but apprehend and fpeak fenfe, is as much a judge of it 
as the greateft doctor in the fchool. Digby. 
To pafs dodlor in divinity at Oxford, it is neceflary the 
candidate have been four years bachelor of divinity. For 
dodlor of laws, he nuift have been feven years in the 
univerfity to commence bachelor of law ; five years after 
which he may be admitted dodlor of laws. Otherwife, 
In three years after taking the degree of mafter of arts, he 
may take the degree of bachelor in law; and in four years 
more that of LL. D. The fame method and time are 
likevvife required to pafs the degree of dodlor in phyfic. 
At Cambridge, to take the degree of dodlor in divinity, 
it is required that the candidate have been feven years 
bachelor of divinity*. Though in feveral of the colleges 
the taking of the bachelor of divinity’s degree is difpenfed 
with, and tlfiey may go out per faltum. To commence 
dodlor in laws, the candidate mud have been five years 
bachelor of law, or feven years mailer of arts. To pafs 
dodlor in phyfic, he mull have been bachelor in phyfic 
five years, or feven years mailer of arts. A dodlor of the 
civil law may exercife ecclefiaflical jurifdidtion, though 
a layman. 37 Hen . VIII. c. 17. 
To DOCTOR, v. a. To phyfic; to cure;. to treat with 
medicines. A low word. , 
DOCTORAL, adj. [ doCloralis , Lat.] Relating to^the 
degree of a dodlor. 
DOC'TOR ALLY, adv. In manner of a dodlor.—The 
phyficians reforted to him to touch his pulfe, and confi- 
der of his difeafe doctor ally at their departure. Hakewill. 
DOC'TOR ATE, /. A dodtorfhip. 
DOC'TOR ING, part. adj. Treating with medicines, 
curing. A low word. 
DOC'TORS-COMMONS. See College of Civi¬ 
lians, vol. iv. p. 775. 
DOC'TORSHIP, J'. The rank of a dodlor.—From a 
fcholar he became a fellow, and then the prefident of 
the college, after he had received all the graces and de¬ 
grees, the prodlorfhip and the doClorfiip. Clarendon. 
DOC'TRESS, f. A female teacher; a woman that 
pradlifes phyfic. 
DOCTRI'NAL, adj. [ doClrina , Lat.] Containing doc¬ 
trine, or fomething formally taught.—The verfe natu¬ 
rally affords us the doClrinal propofition, which (hall be 
©ur fubjedl. South. —Pertaining to the adl or means of 
teaching.—The word of God no otherwife ferveth, than 
only in the nature of a doClrinal inflrument. Hooker. 
DOCTRI'NAL, f Something that is part of doc¬ 
trine—Not fuch as affent to every word in feripture, can 
be faid in doClrinals to deny Chrift. South. 
DOCTRI'NALLY, adv. In the form of doctrine; 
j^ofitively; as necefTary to be held.—Scripture accom- 
4 
D O D 
modntes itfelf to common opinions, and employs tlfe 
ufual forms of fpeech, without delivering any thing doc- 
trinally concerning thefe points. Ray. 
DOC'TRINE, f. [doClrina, Lat.] The principles or- 
pofitions of any feel or mafler ; that which is taught.— 
Ye are the fons of clergy, who bring all their doClrines 
fairly to the light, and invite men with freedom to exa¬ 
mine them. Atterbury .— That great principle in natural 
philofophy is the doctrine of gravitation, or mutual ten¬ 
dency of all bodies toward each other. Watts .— The adl of 
teaching.—He faid unto them in his doClririe. Mark, iv. 2. 
DO'CUMENT, J. [ documentum,' Lat.] Precept; in- 
flrudlion ; diredtion.—Learners fhould not be too much 
crowded with a heap or multitude of documents or ideas at 
onetime. Watts. —Precept, in an ill fenfe ; a precept info- 
lently authoritative, magiflerially dogmatical, folemnly 
trifling.—Gentle infinuations pierce, as oil is the mod 
penetrating of all liquors ; but in magiflerial documents 
men think themfelves attacked, and ftand upon their 
guard. Government of the Tongue. 
DO'CUS,/. [from Gr. abeam.] A fiery me¬ 
teor, refembling a beam. 
t) 0 'DART (Dennis), a phyfician and botanifl, born 
at Paris in 1634. He fludied medicine with fo much 
fuccefs, that his exercifcs on taking his licence attradled. 
the admiration of the learned and cauftic Guy Patin, 
wb©y 4 n his letters, terms him Monjlrumfine vitio. He be¬ 
came phyfician to the princefs dowager of Conti, and 
was a doclor regent of the faculty of Paris, and a mem¬ 
ber of the academy of fciences. He was of a grave dif- 
pofition, pious, and abflemious. He had a principal fliare 
in the Me'moires pour fervir a V Hifoire dcs Plantes, Paris,. 
1676, folio ; a fumptuous work, publifhed by the aca¬ 
demy, which was intended to comprife a complete hif- 
tory of plants, but which the wars caufed to be left im- 
perfedl. Dodart wrote the learned preface. In the 
botanical part he was aflifled by Claude Perrault and 
Merchant; in the chemical, by D11 Clos and Borel. He 
alfo communicated feveral papers to the memoirs of the 
academy on medical, phyfiological, and botanical, fub- 
jedts. He purfued the fandtorian enquiries into the in- 
fenfible tranfpiration, Sec. for thirty-three years. His firfl 
experiments on this fubjedl appeared in the memoirs of 
the academy in 1699; and were afterwards publifhed in 
a colledtion intitled Medicina Statica Ga/lica. In fome of 
the memoirs he treats on the human voice and its various 
tones, in explaining which he confiders the tenfion of the 
elaflic ligaments of the glottis, in conjundlion with the 
contradlion of its aperture ; alfo the contradlion of the 
lips, Sec. He wrote feveral of the epitaphs printed in 
the Necrology of the Port Royal. He died in 1707, aged 
feventy-three. His fon, John-Baptifl-Claude, phyfician 
to the king, left Notes on Pomey’s Hiftory of Drugs. 
DODAR'TIA,yl [fo named by Tournefort, from 
M. Dodart, member of the academy of fciences at Paris.] 
In botany, a genus of the clafs didynamia, order angio- 
fpermia, natural order of perfonatae, (fcrophulariae, JufT.) 
The generic charadters are—Calyx : perianthium one- 
leafed, bell-form, five-toothed, with fen corners, tubu¬ 
lar, nearly equal, flat, permanent. Corolla: one-petalled, 
ringent; tube cylindric, bent downwards, much longer 
than the calyx ; upper lip fmall, emarginate, afeending ; 
lower lip fpreading, wider, three-cleft, twice longer, ob- 
tufe; middle divifion narrower. Stamina: filaments four, 
afeending towards the upper lip, and fhorter than it; 
antheras fmall, roundifh, twin. Piflillum : germ round- 
iih ; flyle fubulate, length of the corolla ; fligma com. 
prefled, oblong, obtufe, two-cleft, the lamellas converg¬ 
ing. Pericarpium : capfule globofe, two-celled. Seeds: 
numerous, very fmall ; receptacle convex, growing to 
the diffepirnent.— EJfential Character. Calyx five-toothed ; 
corolla, lower lip twice as long as the upper; capfule 
two-celled, globular. 
Species. 1. Dodartia Orientalis, or Oriental Dodartia : 
leaves linear, quite entire, fmooth. It has a perennial 
root, 
