%o CEL 
lent the fruit to the royal garden at Paris. The trees 
there ra' fcd produced fruit, and from them the other gar¬ 
dens in Europe have been furnifbed. Mr. Miller culti¬ 
vated it in 17+8. It yields gum like the cherry-tree; and 
lias been found to be a native of tbe Eaft-Indies, Japan, 
and the Society Ifles. 
4-. Celt is Americana: leaves oblong-ovate, nerved, ob- 
tnfe, fmootlt above, golden beneath. This rifes with a 
ftraight trunk near twenty feet high, covered with a grey 
■bark, and dividing at top into many branches. Leaves 
near'four inches long, and two and a half broad, rounded 
at their extremity, of a thick texture, very fmootlt on 
their upper Airfare, and on their under of a lucid gold 
colour. Tile fruit is round and red. It was firft difeo- 
v-ered by father Plunder in the French Weft- India iftands; 
and it was found in Jamaica by Dr. jHouItoun, who lent the 
deeds to England. 
5. Celtis micrantha, or Jamaica nettle-tree : leavesob- 
liquely cordate, ovate-lanceolate, ferrulate, fomew'hat rug¬ 
ged on the upper lurface. This fhrubby tree feldorn riles 
above ten or twelve feet, and throws out a great number 
of loofe branches. It is a native of Jamaica. Introduced 
in 1788, by Mr. Gilbert Alexander. It flowers in Aitguft 
and September. 
6. Celtis aculeata : leaves cordate-ovate, blunt at the 
tip, almoft entire, very fmootii; branches prickly. This 
is an inelegant little tree ; the branches are pliant, very 
long, fcarctly divided, reclining, and have frequently al¬ 
ternate diftich branchlets their whole length, the upper 
ones gradually (horter. Native of theCaribbee iflands, 
and the neighbouring continent. 
7. Celtis lima : leaves ovate-lanceolate, acuminate, ob¬ 
liquely cordate, ferrate, very rugged above. Height fif¬ 
teen feet; trunk ftraight, with a fmooth reddiffi or light 
brow n bark, and feveral branches fpreading towurrds the 
top. Leaves alternate, half an inch diftant from each 
-other, two inches long, and half as broad near the bale, 
dark green, petioled; flowers axillary, fmall, greenift); 
Fruit orange-coloured, no bigger than a pin's head, oval, 
iiifipid, having an orange-coloured pulp, and one fmall 
•black round done or feed within. Native of the Wed- 
indies. 
Propagation and Cultvrc. Thefe trees are all propagated 
by feeds, which Ihould be Town boon after they are ripe, 
when they can be procured at that feafon, for thefe fre¬ 
quently come up tire following fpring: whereas thofe 
which are (own in the fpring will not come up till a tv\ elve- 
month after ; therefore it is the bed way to fow them m 
pots or tubs, that they may be eaiilv removed, for thofe 
which are fown in the fprpig fbouid be placed in a diady 
Situation in fummer,and conftantly kept clean from weeds; 
but in autumn they fliould be placed in a warm fituation, 
plunging the pots into the ground; and, if they ate co¬ 
vered over with a little tan from a decayed hot-bed, it 
will prevent the frod from penetrating the earth to injure 
the feeds; and, if thefe pots are placed on a gentle hot¬ 
bed in the fpring, it will greatly forward the vegetation of 
’the feeds, whereby the plants will have more time to get 
ftrength before the winter ; but, when the plants appear 
above ground, they mud have a large fhareof air admitted 
to them, otherwife they will draw up weak ; and, as foon 
as the weather is warm, they mud be expofed to the open 
air, and in filmmer they mud be condantly kept clean from 
weeds; if the feafon proves dry, they will require water 
two or three times a week. In autumn it will be proper 
to remove the pots, and place them under a hot- bed frame, 
to (helter them in winter from fevere froft; or, where 
there is not that conveniency, the pots Ihould be plunged 
into the ground near a wall or hedge ; and, as the plants, 
when young, are full of fap, and tender, the early frods in 
autumn frequently kill the upper part of the (hoots; there¬ 
fore the plants diould be either covered with mats, or a 
little draw or peafe-haulm laid over them to protect them. 
■In the following fpring the plants fliould be taken out of 
■the feed-pots,and planted in the full ground : thisihould 
C E M 
be done about fhe middle or latter end of March, whe* 
the danger of the froft is over : therefore a bed or tw.. 
diould be prepared, according to the number of plants 
raided, in a flickered lituation, and, if poflible, in a gentle 
loamy foil. The ground nuid be well trenched, and 
cleared from the roots of bad weeds, and, when levelled, 
fliould be maiked out in lines at one foot diftar.ee; then 
the plants fliould be carefully turned out of the pots, and 
feparated, fo as not to tear their roots, and planted in the 
lines at fix inches afunder,.prefling the earth dow n clofe to 
the roots. If the ground is very dry w hen they are plant¬ 
ed, and there is no appearance of rain foon, it will be pro¬ 
per to water the beds, to fettle the ground to the roots of 
the plants; and after this, if the furfaceof the ground is 
covered with fome old tan or rotten dung, it will keep it 
inoifl, and prevent the drying winds from penetrating to 
-the roots of the plants. The following fummer the ne- 
celfary care nuid be, to keep them condantly clean from 
w'eeds; but, after the plants are pretty well edablilhed in 
the ground, they will not require any water, efpecially 
towards the latter end of the fummer, for that will occa- 
don their late growth, whereby they will be in great dan*- 
ger of fuffeiing by the autumn frods; for the more any of 
thefe young trees are flopped in their growth by drought 
towards autumn, the firmer will be their texture, fo better 
able to bear the cold. The plants may remain in thefe 
nurfery-beds two years, by which time they will have ob¬ 
tained diffident ftrength to be tranfplanted where they are 
defigned to remain for good, becau-fe thefe plants extend 
their roots wide every way ; fo that, if they ftand long in 
the nurfery, their roots will be cut in removing, which 
will be a great prejudice to their future growth. Thefe 
forts are hardy enough to thrive in the open air in Eng¬ 
land, after they are become ftrong; but, for the two firft 
winters after they come up from feeds, they require a lit¬ 
tle protection, efpecially tire third fort, which is tenderer 
than either of the farmer. The young plants of this fort 
frequently have variegated leaves, but thofe are more im¬ 
patient of cold than the plain leaved. 
Mr. Boutcher recommends to fow the feeds of the com¬ 
mon nettle-tree in fpring-, foon after they are ripe, which 
■is in January, in pots or boxes, a foot deep, with holes in 
the bottom, covered with oyfler-fhells, or tile-lhreds, and 
three or four inches thick of rough gravel over them, to 
drain the moifture; then to fill them within an inch of the 
top with rich loofe compoft mould ; fow the feeds, and 
dft over them half an inch more of the fame earth. Thefe 
pots or boxes ought not to be funk into the earth, but to 
be railed (ix or eight inches by (tones or logs of wood, and 
placed where they may receive the morning fun only, till 
autumn, when they diould be removed under a Couth wall, 
and in fevere weather be put under a covered frame, the 
covering being taken off in mild weather. About the be¬ 
ginning of April remove them to their firft fituation,loofen 
the earth gently, and (1 ft on a little frefh mould. The end 
of April moft of the plants will appear, when they nmft be 
frequently but moderately watered, kept clean in fummer, 
and protected, as before, in fevere w eather. If-you would 
propagate them by layers, let them be layed as foon as the 
leaves begin to tarniffi at the end of September, or begin¬ 
ning of October. The wood being extremely hard, they 
will not root diffidently till the fecond year, unlefs the 
feafon is wet, or you affift them with plentiful waterings. 
Take them up the end of March, or beginning of April, 
and plant them in rows at two feet and a half diftance, and 
a foot afunder, giving them frequent waterings; keep the 
ground clean, and let them remain here two years. They 
may then be planted out for good, or removed again ro 
greater diftances, to ftand three years more. This tree 
will do in any ordinary land, but fucceeds beft in a deep 
moift foil, where it will foon become a ftately tree. 
CEM'BR A, f. in botany. See Pinus. 
CEMENT', yi [ ccementum , Latin.] The matter with 
which two bodies are made to cohere, as mortar or glue.— 
You may fee divers pebbles, and a cruft of cement between 
them. 
