3 5 C E R 
i^. Ceraftium latifcTium, or brpad-leaved moufe-ear: 
loaves ovate fubto.mentofe ; branches one-flowered ; cap- 
fai.’s "lobular. The whole plant, except the petals and 
capfules, is covered, with long, foft, fhining, hairs. The 
lower leaves ovate; the upper ovatc-lanceolate. Branches 
terminated by one or two flpwers; flowers large. Accor¬ 
ding to Haller, the Items are fcnrcely ever more than three 
inches high. Found on the high mountains of the Valais, 
next the glaciers; and on the higheit rocks in Wales and 
Scotland ; flowering in May and June. Perennial. 
15. Cerattiuni tornentofum, or woolly moufe-ear: leaves 
oblong tqmentpfe ; peduncles branching ; capfules globu- 
1 ir. The whole plant white with a thick down. Steins in 
a thickly matted tuft, dichotomous, with fometimes a 
Angle flower on a long peduncle from the divifion ; the 
divifions branched but fpreading,. each branch bearing a 
fort of umbel. Native of Granada, Iltria, France, Swif- 
ferland, Ripton-woqd in Huntingclonlhire, Flowers in 
May and June. Perennial. It varies with broader and 
narrower leaves. 
16. Ceraftium manticum : frnooth ; Item ftriated ; 
leaves lanceolate; peduncles very long ; capfules globu¬ 
lar. Root, flsh.der, annual; Item upright, round, half a 
foot high, commonly Angle, but fometimes branched. It 
is an annual plant, native of the neighbourhood of Verona, 
and the Grifons. 
1 7. Ceraftium refradlum : leaves lanceolate fmooth ; 
petioles broken. Stems many, a finger’s length, fmooth 
or fomewhat hairy, two-flowered. Native of the higher 
Alps, and mont St. Bernard. 
i 3 . Ceraftium dioicum, or Spanilh moufe-ear: liirt 
vifeid ; leaves lanceolate; flowers dioecous, petals three 
times larger than the calyx. Native of Spain ; perennial. 
Cultivated 1766, in the botanic garden at Oxford. 
Propagation and Culture. If the feeds of the annual 
forts be fown in autumn, they will more certainly grow 
than thofe which are fown in the fpring; or, if tire feeds 
be permitted to fcatter, the plants will come up and live 
through the winter, and will require no other care but to 
keep them clean from weeds. The other perennial forts 
may eafily be increafed by parting the plants, which put 
out roots at the joints of the branches, and run fo much, 
as to overpower mod other weak vegetables : they Ihould 
be introduced therefore with caution, unlefs where it is 
wifhed to have a bank, wall, or heap of ftones entirely 
covered. 
CERA STRUM UMBELLATUM, f. in botany. See 
Holosteum. 
CE'RASUS,/. in botany. See Cassine, Malpighia, 
and Prunus. 
CE'RATE, f [<xr«, Lat wax.] A medicine for heal¬ 
ing wounds. Cerates chiefly differ from plafters in con- 
fiftence, being a folter kind of plafter, or harder kind of 
ointment. This property of its confiftence is very con¬ 
venient: when mercury is made up in plafters, a fufticient 
quantity is not abforbed from them to produce any valua¬ 
ble effect; but in a cerate it powerfully refolves and dif- 
cufles, and when thus applied to venereal tophs and nodes, 
they often yield to it. See Pharmacy. 
CEhRATED, adj. [ ceratus , Lat.] Waxed; covered 
with wax. 
CERA'TIA,/. in botany. See Cersis, Dentaria, 
and Erythrina. 
CERAT 1 VE AFFI'NIS, /. in botany. See Mimosa. 
CERA'FION,/. a name given by the ancients to the 
finall feeds of ceratonia, ufed by the Arabian phyficians 
as a weight to adj.uft-their dofes of medicines ; as the grain 
weight with us took its ii,e from a grain of barley. Ce- 
ration was alfo a filver roin, equal te one third of an obolas. 
CERATO'CAR'PUS,; J. [from itspa? and G.r. 
liornedt-fruit.] In botany, a genus of the clefs monoecia, 
ordet : mandria, natural or !er of holoraceee. The ge¬ 
ne: atter-s are—I.-Male flowers. Calyx : perianthium 
one-leafed, tubular, wider at top, thin, coloured, bifid: 
C £ R 
the upper fegments fiiarp, the lower emarginate. Corolla f 
none. Stamina : filaments Angle, Capillary, fc.iree-longer 
than the calyx, inferted into the receptacle. Anther 
twin, oval, upright. II. Female flowers on the fame plant. 
Calyx : perianth one-leafed, obovate, compreffed, keeled 
on both fides, permanent, two horned •. horns ftraight, 
fubulate divaricate. Corolla : none. Piftillum : germ ob¬ 
long, fuperior. Styles two, capillary. Stigmas fnnple, 
Handing out between the horns of the calyx. Pericar- 
pium none: but the .calyx grown larger. Seed: oblong, 
attenuated at bottom, comprefl'ed.— EJfential -CkaraSler. 
Male. Calyx : one-leafed, "bifid, (two-leaved, G.) Co¬ 
rolla, none. Female. Calyx: one-leafed, keeled, per¬ 
manent, two-horned. Styles two. Seeds: Angle, com¬ 
preffed, inclofed in and covered by the calyx. 
Only one fpecies, ceratocarpus arenarius. It is an an¬ 
nual branching plant, with very narrow, (harp, grafly,' 
leaves. Three male flowers feffile in each divifion of the 
Item ; females folitary, feffile in each axilla of the leaves. 
It has no proper pericarp, but the calyx when ripe becomes 
a fort of oblortg-triangular compreffed flieatli, with a ridge 
on each fide, and two innocuous fpines diverging almoft 
horizontally at the end. Witliin this is a Angle obovate 
feed, comprefl'ed, and at bottom very fliarp-pointed, 
which does not drop from its covering. It is a native, of 
the rude deferts of Tartary. 
CERATOCEPHALOI'DES, /. See Bidens, Core, 
opsis, Cotula, Ceratoceph alus, and Spilanthus. 
CERAffOrDES, f. See Axyris, Ceratocarpus, 
and Diotis. 
CERATO'NIA, f [from Jtsp^riov, Gv. a horn or pod.] 
The Carob-tree, or St. John’s Bread ; In botany, a 
genus of the clafs polygamia, order trioecia, natural order 
of lomentaceas. The generic characters are—I. Male. 
Calyx : perianthium five-parted, very large. Corolla none. 
Stamina : filaments five, fubulate, very long, fpreading. 
Anthers large twin. II. Female. Dill. Calyx : perianthium 
one-leafed, divided by five tubercles. Corolla none. 
Piftillum : germ lying concealed within a flefhy receptacle. 
Style long, filiform. Stigma headed. Pericarpium : le¬ 
gume very large, oblufe, compreffed, coriaceous, with 
a great many tranfverfe part tions, the interftices filled 
with pulp. Seed : folitary, roundifh, compreffed, hard, 
glofly. Hermaphrodite flowers on a diftinft tree— Ejfential 
Char alder. Hermaphrodite. Calyx: five-parted ; corolla 
none; ftamens five; flyle filiform; legume coriaceous, 
many fieeded. Dioecous: male and female feparate. 
Of this there is but one fpecies, known by the name 
of Ceratonia filiqna, or carob tree. This tree fometimes 
grows to a considerable iize. Leaves pinnate ; leiflets 
roundifh, entire, thick, rigid, nerved, dark green above, 
paler beneath, three inches in breadth and fomewhat more 
in length. Legume four inches or more in lengih, very 
little bent, comprefl’ed, becoming four-cornered when dry, 
of a dufky ferruginous colour, fmooth, flefhy, many-cel- 
led, valvelefs ; cells eight or more, each invefted with a 
papery lamina, and containing one obovate, (welling, lens- 
fliaped, fmooth, feed of a ferruginous cheftnut colour. 
The hermaphrodite flowers havea one-leafed perianthium, 
deeply five-cleft, coloured; the fegments unequal and 
blunt. Corolla one petalled, wheel-fhaped, entire, waved 
about the edge, coriaceous, permanent. Filaments five, 
fixed to the margin of the corolla, and fcarcely longer than 
it. Anthers large. Piftillum in the middle of the corolla, 
pedicelled : germ linear, comprefl'ed, fomewhat flckle- 
fhaped : ftyle none : ftigma feffile, orbicular, flat, marked 
with a groove from the middle running into the germ. 
The male flowers have alfo a one-leafed perianthium deeply 
fix-cleft ; the fegments unequal, ovate, concave. Corolla 
waved or obfeurely crenate, in other refpefts like that of 
the hermaphrodite. Filaments fix, three times as long as 
the corolla, fpreading, fixed to the angles of the notches 
under the margin of the corolla : anthers large, four-cel¬ 
led. Piftii none, but a mere rudiment. Native of Syria, 
Paleltine, 
