62 C E Y 
snals from the fcorching rays of the vertical fan, Blit 
the glory of Ceylon is the laurus■ cinnamomum, or cin¬ 
namon tree, which grows to the height of about twenty 
feet. This valuable tree grows in greater quantity in 
the ifle of Ceylon, than any other place. It grows 
wild in the woods, without any culture : every province 
does not poffefs it, there is none in that of Jaffanapatam, 
nor Manaar, but it abounds in molt of the internal parts, 
and about Negurnbo and Gale. The pompadour pigeon, 
is the bird, which, by carrying the fruit to different 
places, is a great diffeminator of this valuable tree. It is 
not peculiar to this ifland; but here the bark is infinitely 
fuperior in quality to any other. Botanills enumerate 
numbers of kinds, all which, with the various trees 
above-mentioned, fee particularly defciibed under their 
refpedtive heads in this work. 
The northern extremity of Ceylon is broken into two 
ides, divided from the greater by a very narrowchannel; the 
other fide is faced by rocks and ihoals, and affefited by 
moil variable currents. The city of jaffanapatam Hands 
on the weliern fide of one of the ides; this retains its 
Cingalefe name; but mod; of the other places in the neigh¬ 
bourhood have been changed by the Dutch. When the 
city was taken from the natives by the Portuguefe, in 
i 560, they found in its treafury the tooth of an ape, lb 
highly, venerated bv the people of Ceylon, that immenfe 
funis were offered for its redemption, but in vain. To 
deltroy this piece of idolatry, the Portuguefe viceroy or¬ 
dered it to be reduced to powder, and then burnt. Apes 
are in many parts of India highly venerated, out of refpeft 
to their idols. 
Mod: of the eaftern fide of Ceylon is guarded with 
fand banks or rocks. Trincomale harbour is in lat. 8° 30', 
a fine and fecure port, prote&ed by a ftrong fort, which 
was taken by affault, on January ii, 178a, by our brave 
admiral, Sir Edward Hughes; but which, on Auguft 26 
of the fame year, was wreffetl from us by his aftive rival 
Suffrein. On September 2d, the former came off Trin¬ 
comale, and to his great furprife found the French colours 
flying on all the forts. Suffrein, with a fuperior fquadron, 
failed out of the harbour, fecure, as he thought, of vic¬ 
tory. Our brave admiral, and his officers, incenfed at 
the lofs of the place, eagerly accepted the offer of com¬ 
bat. The contending admirals displayed every proof of 
courage and Ikill. Suffrein’s Ihip was reduced to a wreck, 
3 nd he was obliged to remove bis flag to another. Night 
alone terminated the battle. Suffrein, retired into Trin¬ 
comale, crowding in without order. Thus lecured, 
Hughes left him reluctantly, and failed for Madras with his 
fquadron. Between the bay of Trincomale and the fort 
Calirauw is the "country called Bedas, a tradl of foreft, 
comprehending 120 miles ;the habitation of theBedas. The 
Ganges of Ptolemy runs into this harbour. Barticaio is 
the next port, lying in lat. 7® 40'. This all'o has a 
llrong iortrefs. Here the Dutch firft landed in 1638, and 
took it by capitulation from the Portuguefe. The moun¬ 
tain called Monk's-hood, fome leagues inland, is a re¬ 
markable lea mark. Barticaio may have been near the 
flte of the town called by Ptolemy, Bocona; near it is a 
river which preferves the name, being called by the na¬ 
tives Ko-bokan-oye, or the river of Bokan. Dondra- 
head is the molt fouthern point of any in the iiland. 
A little to the weft is Tanawar, remarkable for having been 
the DianaofPtolemy, facred to the moon; the place Hill has 
its temple, or Pagoda, highly venerated by the natives. 
Punta de Galle is a little to the north-welt of Dondra- 
head, in lat. 6°, turning almolt due north. The town 
is ftrongly fortified, and is a place of great trade. In 
iat. 7 0 we find Colombo, built in a beautiful aud magni¬ 
ficent manner by the Portuguefe. Nigombo is a fortrefs 
fome miles to the north of Colombo. The whole inter¬ 
val from Colombo is filled with beautiful villages, and 
open towns, cbaracteriltic of neatnefs and induitry. The 
long ille of Calpentyn lies near the fhore, about thirty- 
fix miles farther north, That of Manaar, as the name 
C H A 
implies, is a fandy tra6t, and had upon it at one time 
feven churches, built by the Portuguefe. Thefe fell to 
decay under their fuccelfors the Dutch, who were finally 
difpoffeffed of Trincomale by the Englifli, on the 26th 
of Auguft 1795. The expedition againft this valuable 
fettlement was conducted by general Stuart, and rear- 
admiral Rainier, to whom it was furrendered by capitu¬ 
lation, and placed under the government of the king of 
Great Britain. . 
CEY'RAS, a town of France, in the department of 
the Herault: feven miles eaft of Lodeve. 
CEYSE'RIAT, a town of France, in thedepartmentof 
the Ain, and chief place of a canton, in the diftrift of 
Bourg en Brefl’e : four miles eaft-fouth-eaft of Bourg en 
Brefi'e. 
CEYSERIEU', a town of France, in the department of 
the Ain, and chief place of a canton, in the diftrift of 
Belley : five miles north of Belley. 
CEYS'SAC, a town of France, in the department of 
the Gironde, and chief place of a canton, in the diltricl 
of Bourg : ten miles fouth-eaft of Blaye. 
CEYX, in fabulous hiftory, a king of Trachinia, fon 
of Lucifer, and hufband of Alcyone. He was drowned 
as he went to conlult the oracle of Claros. His wife was 
apprifed of his misfortune in a dream, and found his dead 
body wafhed on the fea fhore. They were both changed 
into Alcyons, or king-fiffiers. According to Apollodorus, 
the hufband of Alcyone and the king of .Trachinia 
were two different perfons, 
CE'ZE, a river of France, which runs into the Rhone, 
two miles weft of Caderouffe. 
CEZIM'BRA, a fmall feaport of Portugal, on the At¬ 
lantic : ten miles weft of Setuval. 
CE'ZY, a town of France, in the department of the 
Yonne, and chief place of a canton, in the diftridl of 
Joigny: three miles north-weft of Joigny. 
C-FAUT, a note in the fcale of mufic : 
Gamut I am, the ground of all accord, 
A re, to plead Hortenfio’s paffion ; 
B mi Bianca', take him for thy lord, 
C faut , that loves with all affection. Shakefpearei 
CH has, in words purely Englifli, or fully naturalized, 
the found of tjk\ a peculiar pronunciation, which it is 
hard to defcribe in words. In fome words derived from, 
the French, it has the found of fh , as cbaife ; and, in fome 
derived from the Greek, the found of k, as choleric. 
CHA, a town of China, of the third rank, in the pro¬ 
vince of Fo-kien: twenty-five miles fouth-fouth-weft of 
Yen-ping. 
CHA-TCHEOU 7 , a town of Afia, in the country of 
Thibet: fifty-five leagues fouth-fouth-eaft of Hami. Lat. 
40.22. N. Ion. 113. 3. E. Ferro. 
CHA'A, f. in botany. See Thf.a. 
CHAALO'NS, or Chalons sur. Marne, a city of 
France, and capital of the department of the Marne; be¬ 
fore the revolution, the fee of a bifhop, fuffragan of 
Rheims, and chief place of the generality of Champagnes 
here are manufactures of coarfe woollen cloth. It is fitu- 
ated on the river Marne, and contains thirteen pariffies. 
The number of houfes about 2800, and of inhabitants 
18,000: twenty polls and a half north-north-weft of Lan- 
gres, and twenty and a quarter eaft of Paris. Lat. 48.57. 
N. Ion. 22.2. E. Ferro. 
CHABANOIS', a town of France, in the department 
of the Charente, and chief place of a canton, in the dif- 
trifl of Confolent: three leagues fouth of Confolent. 
CHABEIUL', a town of Fiance, in the department of 
the Drome, and chief place of a canton, in the diftridt 
of Valence : two leagues fouth-eaft of Valence. 
CHA'BIS, a town of Perfia, in the province of Ker¬ 
man, at the edge of a defert, on the confines of Segeftan : 
115 miles north-eaft of Sirgian. 
CHABLA'IS (duchy of), a province of Savoy, which 
ftretches along the fouthern banks of the lake of Geneva, 
3cn>. 
