C H A 
as far as the Valais, which bounds it on the eaft ; on the 
fouth it is bounded by Faucigny, and on the weftby the re¬ 
public of Geneva : the country is mountainous and po¬ 
pulous. Thonon is the capital. 
CHABLIS', a town of France, in the department of 
the Yonne, and chief place of a canton, in the diftridt 
of Auxerre, celebrated for its excellent white wine : three 
leagues eaft of Auxerre. 
CHABNO', a town of Poland, in the palatinate of 
Voihynia; fixty-eight miles north-eaft of Zytomiers. 
CHABON'S, a town of France, in the department of 
the Here, and chief place of a canton, in the diftridt of 
La Tour du Pin : thirty miles fouth-eaft of Lyons. 
CHABOT'TES, a town of France, in the department 
of the Higher Alps, and chief place of a canton, in the 
diftridt of Gap : leven miles north of Gap. 
CHABRl'A, a town of Perfia, fixty miles north-eaft 
of Afterabat. 
CHA'BRIAS, an Athenian general and philofopher, 
who chiefly fignalized liimfelf when he alfiftedthe Boeo¬ 
tians againit Agefilaus. In this celebrated campaign, he 
ordered his foldiers to put one knee on the ground, and 
firmly to reft their fpears upon the other, and cover them- 
felves with their fhields, by which means he daunted the 
enemy, and had a ftatue railed to his honour in'that fame 
pofture. He aflifted alfo Nedtanebus, king of Egypt, and 
conquered the whole ifland of Cyprus; but he at laft fell 
a facrifice to his exceflive courage, and difdained to fly 
from his fhip, when he had it in his power to fave his life 
like his companions. 
CHABRILLA'ND, a town of France, in the depart¬ 
ment of the Drome, and chief place of a canton, in the 
diftridt of Creft : three miles weft of Creft. 
CHA'BRIS, a town of France, in the department of 
the Indre, and chief place of a canton, in the diftridt of 
Ilfoudun: feven leagues and a half north-north-weft of 
Ifloudun. 
CHABRFT (Peter), member of the fupreme council 
of Bouillon, and advocate in the parliament of Paris, 
died in that capital in 1785. Born to no fortune, his 
days were fhortened by difficulties and cares. In reading 
his works we admire his talents; and his manners are faid 
to have attradted univerfal efteem. His book, intituled, 
Of the French Monarchy and its Laws, 2 vols, nmo. 
1785, difplays a novelty in the defign, and a variety of 
knowledge in the execution. He is thought to have taken 
Montefquieu for his model, whofe energy and precifion 
he copies with fuccefs. 
CHA'CA-HA'MAR, a town of ChinefeTartary. Lat. 
44.. 50, N. Ion. no. 23. E. Ferro. 
CHA'CA-TERGA'SH, a town of Afia, in the country 
of Thibet: forty-two milesnorth-north-eaft of Tchontori. 
CHACAN'GA, fee Chicanga. 
CHACA'O, a town of South America, in the ifland 
’ of Chiloe, where the governor ufually refides. 
CHACE, f. a ftation of game more extended than a 
park, and lefs than a foreft : and is fometimes taken for the 
liberty of chafing or hunting within fuch a diftridt. And 
according to Blount it hath another fignification, i. e. 
the way through which cattle are drove to pafture, com¬ 
monly called in fome places a drcme nvay. See Chase. 
CHACE, a town of France, in the department of the 
Mayne and Loire, and chief place of a canton, in the 
diftridt of Saumur: one league fouth of Saumur. 
CHA'CEWATER, a fmall town in the county of 
Cornwall, near which are feveral rich copper mines, 
which, within the circle of two miles, are faid to produce 
to the value of 15,000!, every month: five miles from 
Truro, and 262 weft of London. 
CHACHAPOY'AS, a diftridt of South America, in 
Peru, lying to the eaft of the'Andes, with a town of the 
fame name, called alfo St, Juan de la Frontera, and two 
or three others. The Indians rnake a great variety of 
cottons and tapeftry here, which for the livelinefs of the 
colours and neatnefs of the work are much valued. 
C H /E 63 
CHATO fLe), a province of South America, in the 
country of Buenos Ayres, reckoned 200 leagues long, and 
J25 broad, on the weft fide of the river Plata, and boun¬ 
ded on the weft by a chain of mountains ; it is inhabited 
by many Indian nations, and but little known. 
CHA'CRELAS, f a fpecies of albinos, or white ne¬ 
groes, peculiar to the ifland of Java, having weak eyes, 
and dead-white fkins, with features ftriftly correfponding 
to the negro race. See a figure of thefe extraordinary 
people, under the article .Albinos, vol. i. p. 240. 
CHACTAW'S, or Flat Heads, a powerful and in¬ 
trepid race of Indians, who inhabit a fine and ex ten- 
five tradl of hilly country, with large and fertile plains 
intervening, between the Albania and Miffiffippi rivers, and 
on the weltern part of theftate of Georgia. This nation 
had, not many years ago, forty-three towns and villages, 
in three divifions, containing 12,123 fouls, of whicli4,04i 
were fighting men. They are called Flat-heads by the 
traders, beCaufe all the males have the fore and hind part 
of their fculls artificially flattened when young. Diffe¬ 
rent from molt of the Indians bordering on the United 
States, they have large plantations or country farms, where 
they employ much of their time in agricultural improve¬ 
ments, after the manner of the white people. The Chac- 
taws and Creek Indians are inveterate enemies to each 
other. 
CHADA'GHI, a town of Perfia, in the province of 
Farfiftan : five miles weft of Schiras. 
CHAD'CHOD, f. a term in Jewiffi antiquity ; Ezekiel, 
mentions chadchod among the feveral merchandizes which, 
were brought to Tyre. The old interpreters, not very 
well knowing the meaning of this term, continued it in 
their tranflation. St. Jerom acknowledges that he could 
not difeover the interpretation of it. The Chaldee inter¬ 
prets it pearls; others think that the onyx, ruby, carbun¬ 
cle, cryital, or diamond, is meant by it. 
CHA'DER, an ifland of Afia, formed by a river which 
runs from the Euphrates to thePerfian Gulph, which ex¬ 
tends from Baflbra nearly to El Catif, 240 miles long, and- 
thirty wide- 
CHZEREFOTIUM,/. in botany. See Scandix. 
CHZERONE'A, anciently a city, now a fmall village, 
of Bceotia, towards Phocis; the birthplace of Plutarch 5 
famous for the defeat of the confederate Greeks by Philip 
of Macedon, who commanded in perfon. The army of 
the confederate Greeks amounted to 30,000 men, com¬ 
manded by Lyficles and Chares ; the firft but littlfe, and 
the fecond unfavourably, known ; and by Theagenes the 
Theban, a perfon ftrongly fufpedted of treachery. The 
Macedonian forces amounted to 32,000. Both armies 
formed in battle array before the rifing of the fun. The 
right wing of the Macedonians was headed by Philip; 
his ton Alexander, then only nineteen years of age, but 
furrounded by experienced officers, commanded the left 
wing, which faced the facred band of the Thebans. The 
auxiliaries of either army were polled in the centre. In 
the beginning of the action, the Athenians charged with 
impetuofity, and repelled the oppofing divifions. of the 
enemy; but the youthful ardour of Alexander obliged 
the Thebans to retire, the tacred band being cut down to 
a man. The activity of the young prince completed their 
diforder, and he purfued the fcattered multitude with his 
Theffalian cavalry. Meantime the Athenian generals, 
too much elated by their firft advantage, loft the opportu¬ 
nity to improve it; for having repelled the centre and 
right wing of the Macedonians, pxceptthe phalanx, which 
was compofed of chofen men,-and immediately com¬ 
manded by the king, they, inftead of attempting to break 
this formidable body ,by attacking it in flank, prefled for¬ 
ward againft the fugitives, Lyficles exclaiming in vain 
triumph, “ Purfue, my brave countrymen ! let us drive 
the cowards to Macedon.” Philip oblerved this rath folly 
with contempt; and laying to thofe around him, “ Our 
enemies know not how to conquer,” commanded his pha¬ 
lanx, by a rapid evolution, to gain an adjacent eminence, 
from. 
