C H A 
To CHAFE, hj. a. [echauffer, Fr.] To warm with 
rubbing: 
Soft, and more foft, at ev’ry touch it grew ; 
Like pliant wax, when chafing hands reduce 
The former mafs to form, and frame to ufe. Dry den • 
To heat by rage or hurry : 
Have I not heard the fea, puff’d up with winds, 
Rage like an angry boar chafed with fweat ? Sbakefpeare, 
To perfume : 
Lilies more white than fnow 
New fall’n from heav’n, with violets mix’d, did grow ; 
Whole fcent fo chaf'd the neighbour air, that you 
Would furely fwear Arabic fpices grew. Suckling* 
To make angry ; to inflame paflion. 
1 his chaf’d the boar ; his noftrils flames expire, 
And his red eyeballs roll with living fire. Dryden.. 
To CHAFE, as. n. To rage ; to fret; to fume; to boil: 
Be lion mettled, proud, and take no care 
Who chafes, who frets, or where confpirers are. Shakef. 
To fret againft any thing : 
The murmuring furge. 
That on th’ unnumber’d idle pebbles chafes, 
Cannot be heard fo high. Sbakefpeare. 
CHAFE,/. A heat*, a rage; a fury; a paflion; a fume; 
a pet; a fret; a ftorm.—When Sir Thomas More was 
ipeaker of the parliament, with his wifdom and eloquence 
he lo eroded a purpofe of cardinal Wolfey’s, that the 
cardinal, in a chafe, fent for him to Whitehall. Camden. 
CHAFE-WAX, f An officer belonging to the lord 
chancellor, who fits the wax for the lealing of writs, 
Si c. Harris. 
CHA'FER, /. [ceapop, Sax. kever, Dutch.] An in- 
deft; a fort of yellow beetle. See ScarabjEUs. 
CHA'FER, a town of Perfia, in the province of Far- 
fiftan : fifty miles fouth of Schiras. 
CHA'FERY, f. A forge in an iron mill, where the 
iron is wrought into complete bars, and brought to per- 
feftion. Phillips. 
CHAFF, /. [ceap, Sax. kaf Dutch.] The hulks of 
corn that are feparated by threfhing and winnowing.— 
It is ufed as a term for any thing worthlefs: 
Pleafure with inftruftion flrould be join’d, 
So take the corn, and leave the chaff behind. Dryden. 
CHAFF-CUTTER, a machine for cutting chaff to 
feed horfes. Thefe machines are now brought to great 
perfeftion, and aft on fo firnple and eafy a principle, that 
a boy may cut thirty bufhels of chaff in an hour. They 
are made by feveral perfons in London, who manufafture 
the implements for modern hufbandry, and fold at rea- 
fonable prices; 
The moft approved of thefe machines at prefent in ufe, 
is the one invented by Mr. Robert Salmon, of Woburn 
in Bedfordfhire; for which a reward of thirty guineas 
was voted to Mr. Salmon, bv the London Society for the 
Encouragement of Arts. We (hall deferibe and figure 
this machine, being of fuch general utility, and yet fo 
Ample, that any carpenter might, by infpefting the 
figure, eafily make them. 
With this machine the chaff is cut by two knives, 
marked AA, in the figure; which knives are fixed on 
the infide of the fellies of two wheels BB, which are 
wrongly connefted together ; the edge of the knives be¬ 
ing at an angle of about forty-five degrees from the plane 
of the wheels motion. Thefe knives are fo fixed as to 
be forced forward by fprings, CC, on the wheel ; which 
fprings are formed to ad juft, and aft more or lels as oc • 
cafion may require, fo as to give the knife as much pref- 
C H A 71 
fure againft the box as may be requifite to cut the draw. 
The knives are prevented from coming too forward, and 
occafioning unneceflary friftion, by the wedges under 
the ftaples aa ; which wedges, as the knives wear, mult 
be drawn out fo as to admit the knives to come more for¬ 
ward. With thefe provifions it will be found very eaiy 
at any time to put on new knives, as the fprings, &c. 
will always adjuft them to their work. 
On one fide of the wheel is fixed a round block of 
wood, D, in which there are four holes, and a moveabie- 
ferew ; to this block is ferewed one end of the feeding 
arm E, running horizontally to the crofs-bar F, at the 
end of the box G ; to which the crofs-bar E is attached 
by the pin h, moveable to five different holes in F, by 
means of which, and the four holes in the block before 
deferibed, tw'enty changes in the fize or length of the 
chaff may be obtained. The ftraw or hay is moved for¬ 
ward by the rollers in the box G, the form of which is 
fliewn at fig. 2; which rollers are turned by riggers or 
rachet wheels H, one on each fide the box, which move 
more or lefs, according to the ftroke given to the crofs- 
bar by the feeding arm and wheel. By this mode of feed¬ 
ing the machine, the ftraw is perfeftly at reft, and does 
not prefs forward at the time the knife is cutting ; and, 
by means of the pin being taken out of the crofs bar, the 
feeding is inftantly thrown off, although the wheels and 
knives may continue their motion. Under the box is 
fufpended the preffing weight I, which may be made 
more or lefs powerful by (hitting the weight on the lever 
K, to which it hangs, and alfo may be thrown on either 
fide, more or lefs, as occafion may require; which will 
be found ufeful, in order to force the ftraw towards the 
knife, and to counterbalance the racket-wheel of the 
upper roller. Near the fulcrum of this lever is fixed a 
chain, fhevvn by the line c, with its upper end affixed to a 
roller; at each extremity of which is a (mail bar of iron 
joined to the end of the upper fpiked roller, by which 
means the ftraw or hay is always equally prefled in pafling 
the two fpiked rollers. L, the winch or handle by which 
the machine is worked ; and fig. 3, fhew's the form of one 
of the cutting knives taken from the wheels. 
To CHAF'FER, nj. n. \kauffen, Germ, to buy.] To 
treat about a bargain ; to haggle; to bargain : 
To chaffer for preferments with his gold. 
Where bifhopricks and finecures are fold. Dryden. 
To CHAFTER, <u. a. £The aftive fenfe is abfolete.] 
To buy ; to exchange : 
He chaffer'd chairs in which churchmen were fet, 
And breach of law’s to privy farm did let. Spenfer. 
CHAFTERCONNERS,/printed linens manufactured 
in India. 
CHAFTERER, 
